During the early decades of the twentieth century, Italy produced
distinctive innovations in both the intellectual and political
realms. On the one hand, Benedetto Croce (1866-1952) and Giovanni
Gentile (1875-1944) spearheaded a radical rethinking of historicism
and philosophical idealism that significantly reoriented Italian
culture. On the other hand, the period witnessed the first
rumblings of fascism. Assuming opposite sides, Gentile became the
semi-official philosopher of fascism while Croce argued for a
renewed liberalism based on 'absolute' historicism.
In "Historicism and Fascism in Modern Italy," David D. Roberts
uses the ideological conflict between Croce and Gentile as a basis
for a wider discussion of the interplay between politics and ideas
in Italy during the early-twentieth century. Roberts examines the
connection between fascism and the modern Italian intellectual
tradition, arguing that the relationship not only deepens our
understanding of fascism and liberalism but also illuminates
ongoing dangers and possibilities in the wider Western world. This
set of twelve essays by one of the leading scholars in the field
represents an authoritative view of the modern Italian intellectual
tradition, its relationship with fascism, and its enduring
implications for history, politics, and culture in Italy and
beyond.
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