Selenium (Se) and tellurium (Te) are metalloids of commercial
interest due to their physicochemical properties. The water soluble
oxyanions of these elements (selenite, selenate, tellurite and
tellurate) exhibit high toxicities; hence, their release in the
environment is of great concern. This study demonstrates the
potential use of fungi as Se- and Te-reducing organisms. The
response of Phanerochaete chrysosporium to the presence of selenite
and tellurite was evaluated, as well as its potential application
in wastewater treatment and production of nanoparticles. Growth
stress and morphological changes were induced in P. chrysosoporium
when exposed to selenite and tellurite. Synthesis of Se0 and Te0
nanoparticles entrapped in the fungal biomass was observed, as well
as the formation of unique Se0-Te0 nanocomposites when the fungus
was cultivated concurrently with Se and Te. The response of P.
chrysosporium to selenite exposure was investigated in different
modes of fungal growth (pellets and biofilm). A bioprocess for
selenite removal and Se0 nanoparticles recovery using an up-flow
fungal pelleted reactor was developed. 70% selenite removal (10 mg
Se L-1 d-1) was achieved under continuous mode. The use of Se0
nanoparticles immobilized in P. chrysosporium pellets as a new
sorbent material for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater
was demonstrated.
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