The word Polyethylene was probably first pronounced in a lecture
which M. P. E. Berthelot delivered on April ,27, 1863 to the
Chemical Society in Paris, reporting on the "polymerization" of
various simple organic compounds (1). Much later this work appeared
twice in the literature before the classical ICI breakthrough in
the 1930's which is so colorfully described in Ballard's lecture.
Once it came up at the end of the last century when H. von Pechmann
obtained "a white flocculant material" from the decomposition of
diazomethane which, one year later, was termed to be
"polymethylene" - (CH ) - from E. Bamberger 2 and F. Tschiemer (1).
At that time the investigators were disappointed about this product
because it was not what they had expected to find in their
experiments. As a result any further work was discontinued. The
second time that the word polyethylene appeared in the literature
to describe a "white solid powder" was in 1930 when C. S. Marvel
and M. E. P. Friedericks (2) attempted to prepare alkylated As
compounds in which all five valencies were covalently bonded to
five monovalent-aTkyl groups. They reacted Tetra-ethyl-arsenium
bromide with butyllithium and expected to get tetra ethyl butyl
arsenium. Instead they obtained LiBr + AsEt3 + gaseous products.
Delicate and somewhat time-consuming analysis gave a surprising
result: ethane and C 's were there in the 4 expected quantities but
ethylene was missing - or almost missing - in the gas mixture.
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