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Insect-Fungal Associations - Ecology and Evolution (Hardcover, New)
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Insect-Fungal Associations - Ecology and Evolution (Hardcover, New)
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Insects and fungi have a shared history of association in common
habitats where together they endure similar environmental
conditions, but only recently have mycologists and entomologists
recognized and had the techniques to study the intricacies of some
of the associations. This new volume covers "seven wonders of the
insect-fungus world" for which exciting new results have become
available, often due to the use of new methods that include
phylogenetic analysis and development of molecular markers.
Eleven chapters of the volume are presented in two sections,
"Fungi that act against insects" and "Fungi mutualistic with
insects" that cover a number of major themes. Examples of
necrotrophic parasites of insects are discussed, not only for
biological control potential, but also as organisms with population
structure and complex multipartite interactions; a beneficial role
for symptomless endophytes in broad-leafed plants is proposed;
biotrophic fungal parasites with reduced morphologies are placed
among relatives using phylogenetic methods; complex methods of
fungal spore dispersal include interactions with one or more
arthropods; the farming behavior of New World attine ants is
compared with that of humans and the Old World fungus-growing
termites; certain mycophagous insects use fungi as a sole
nutritional resource; and other insects obtain nutritional
supplements from yeasts.
Insects involved in fungal associations include--but are not
limited to--members of the Coleoptera, Diptera, Homoptera,
Hymenoptera, and Isoptera. The fungi involved in interactions with
insects may be clustered taxonomically, as is the case for
Ascomycetes in the Hypocreales (e.g., Beauveria, Metarhizium,
Fusarium), ambrosia fungi in the genera ophiostoma and ceratocystis
and their asexual relatives, Laboulbeniomycetes, Saccharomycetes,
and the more basal Microsporidia. Other groups, however, have only
occasional members (e.g., mushrooms cultivated by attine ants and
termites) in such associations. The chapters included in this
volume constitute a modern crash course in the study of
insect-fungus associations.
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