Computational modeling of cooperative dynamics in excitable systems
is important for uncovering mechanisms that underlie perturbation
propagation in the nervous system. In this dissertation, two
spatially extended networks of FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons operating in
the subexcitable and hyperexcitable regime are studied by
computational methods, leading to two key conclusions. First, the
length and speed of perturbation propagation in the subexcitable
FitzHugh-Nagumo system is maximized by spatiotemporal noise of
optimal intensity. This indicates that random fluctuations in
neuronal excitability can enhance perturbation propagation in the
nervous system. Second, defining novel measures to characterize the
synchronization of hyperexcitable FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillator
networks for various strengths of phase- attractive and
phase-repulsive coupling, significant differences in calcium
dynamics can be shown between astrocyte cultures originating from
epileptic and normal brain tissue.
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