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Superportraits - Caricatures and Recognition (Paperback)
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Superportraits - Caricatures and Recognition (Paperback)
Series: Essays in Cognitive Psychology
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As Nixon's unpopularity increased during Watergate, his nose and
jowls grew to impossible proportions in published caricatures. Yet
the caricatures remained instantly recognizable. Caricatures can
even be superportraits, with the paradoxical quality of being more
like the face than the face itself. How can we recognize such
distorted images? Do caricatures derive their power from some
special property of a face recognition system or from some more
general property of recognition systems? What kind of mental
representations and recognition processes make caricatures so
effective? What can the power of caricatures tell us about
recognition? In seeking to answer these questions, the author
assembles clues from a variety of sources: the invention and
development of caricatures by artists, the exploitation of extreme
signals in animal communication systems, and studies of how humans,
other animals and connectionist recognition systems respond to
caricatures. Several conclusions emerge. The power of caricatures
is ubiquitous. Caricatures can be superportraits for humans, other
animals and computer recognition systems. They are effective for a
variety of stimuli, not just faces. They are effective whether
objects are mentally represented as deviations from a norm or
average member of the class, or as absolute feature values on a set
of dimensions. Exaggeration of crucial norm-deviation features,
distinctiveness, and resemblance to caricatured memory traces are
all potential sources of the power of caricature. Superportraits
will be of interest to students of cognitive psychology,
perception, the visual arts and animal behavior.
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