For most Americans, staying "mentally sharp" as they age is a very
high priority. Declines in memory and decision-making abilities may
trigger fears of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative
diseases. However, cognitive aging is a natural process that can
have both positive and negative effects on cognitive function in
older adults - effects that vary widely among individuals. At this
point in time, when the older population is rapidly growing in the
United States and across the globe, it is important to examine what
is known about cognitive aging and to identify and promote actions
that individuals, organizations, communities, and society can take
to help older adults maintain and improve their cognitive health.
Cognitive Aging assesses the public health dimensions of cognitive
aging with an emphasis on definitions and terminology, epidemiology
and surveillance, prevention and intervention, education of health
professionals, and public awareness and education. This report
makes specific recommendations for individuals to reduce the risks
of cognitive decline with aging. Aging is inevitable, but there are
actions that can be taken by individuals, families, communities,
and society that may help to prevent or ameliorate the impact of
aging on the brain, understand more about its impact, and help
older adults live more fully and independent lives. Cognitive aging
is not just an individual or a family or a health care system
challenge. It is an issue that affects the fabric of society and
requires actions by many and varied stakeholders. Cognitive Aging
offers clear steps that individuals, families, communities, health
care providers and systems, financial organizations, community
groups, public health agencies, and others can take to promote
cognitive health and to help older adults live fuller and more
independent lives. Ultimately, this report calls for a societal
commitment to cognitive aging as a public health issue that
requires prompt action across many sectors. Table of Contents Front
Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Characterizing and Assessing
Cognitive Aging 3 Population-Based Information About Cognitive
Aging 4A Risk and Protective Factors and Interventions: Lifestyle
and Physical Environment 4B Risk and Protective Factors and
Interventions: Health and Medical Factors 4C Risk and Protective
Factors and Interventions: General Cognitive Aging Interventions
and Next Steps 5 Health Care Response to Cognitive Aging 6
Community Action: Health, Financial Management, Driving,
Technology, and Consumer Decisions 7 Public Education and Key
Messages 8 Opportunities for Action Appendix A: Meeting Agendas
Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items
to Measure Cognition Appendix C: Committee Biographies
General
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