Current computer technology doubles in in power roughly every two
years, an increase called "Moore's Law. " This constant increase is
predicted to come to an end soon. Digital technology will change.
Although digital computers dominate today's world, there are
alternative ways to "compute", which might be better and more
efficient than digital computation. After Digital looks at where
the field of computation began and where it might be headed, and
offers predictions about a collaborative future relationship
between human cognition and mechanical computation. James A.
Anderson, a pioneer of biologically inspired neural nets, presents
two different kinds of computation-digital and analog-and gives
examples of their history, function, and limitations. A third, the
brain, falls somewhere in between these two forms, and is suggested
as a computer architecture that is more capable of performing some
specific important cognitive tasks-perception, reasoning, and
intuition, for example- than a digital computer, even though the
digital computer is constructed from far faster and more reliable
basic elements. Anderson discusses the essentials of brain
hardware, in particular, the cerebral cortex, and how cortical
structure can influence the form taken by the computational
operations underlying cognition. Topics include association,
understanding complex systems through analogy, formation of
abstractions, the biology of number and its use in arithmetic and
mathematics, and computing across scales of organization. These
applications, of great human interest, also form the goals of
genuine artificial intelligence. After Digital will appeal to a
broad cognitive science community, including computer scientists,
philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists, as well as the
curious science layreader, and will help to understand and shape
future developments in computation.
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