Research in collective memory is a relatively new area capturing
the interest of scholars in social psychology, memory, sociology,
and anthropology. The core idea is that collective attitudes and
behaviors are created and shared through common experiences and
communication among a cohort of people. For example, people born
between 1940 and 1960 are often defined via the JFK assassination
and the Vietnam War. Their parents typically experienced lesser
impact from these events. Papers about collective memory have
appeared in the literature under different guises for the last
hundred years. Freud's Civilization and Its Discontents, Jung's
ideas on the collective unconscious, and McDougall's speculation on
the group mind posited that identity and action could be viewed as
resulting from the shared development of a culture. Halbwachs, a
French social psychologist (1877-1945) who was the first to write
in detail about the nature of collective memory, argued that basic
memory processes were all social. That is, people remember only
those events that they have repeated and elaborated in their
discussions with others. In the last several years, there has been
a resurgence of interest in this general topic because it addresses
some fundamental questions about memory and social processes. Work
closely related to these questions deals with the nature of
autobiographical memory, traumatic experience and reconstructive
memory, and social sharing of memories. This book brings together
an international group of researchers who have been empirically
studying some basic tenets of collective memory.
General
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