General inspection of a role performed in the cell by RNAs allows
us to distinguish three major groups of transcripts: I.
protein-coding mRNAs, II. non-coding housekeeping and III.
regulatory RNAs.
The housekeeping RNAs include RNA classes that are generally,
constitutively expressed and whose presence is required for normal
function and viability of the cells. On the other hand, a group of
regulatory RNAs includes RNA species that are expressed at certain
stages of organism development or cell differentiation or as a
response to external stimuli and can affect expression of other
genes on the levels of transcription or translation.
Non-coding RNA transcripts form a heterogeneous class of RNAs
that can not be characterized by a single specific function.
Initially, the term non-coding RNA (ncRNA) was used primarily to
describe polyadenylated and a capped eukaryotic RNAs transcribed by
RNA polymerase II, but lacking long open reading frames. Now, this
definition can be extended to cover all RNA transcripts that do not
show protein-coding capacity and is sometimes used to describe any
RNA that does not encode protein, including introns.
This book is an in-depth look at the function of Non-Coding RNAs
and their relationship to Molecular Biology and Molecular
Biology.
General
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