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Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Cognition & cognitive psychology
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Language in Context - Selected Essays (Paperback)
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Language in Context - Selected Essays (Paperback)
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Natural languages all contain constructions the interpretation of
which depends upon the situation in which they are used. In
Language and Context, Jason Stanley presents a series of essays
which develop a theory of how the situation in which we speak
interacts with the words we use to help produce what we say. The
reason we can so smoothly operate with sentences that can be used
to express very different items of information, Stanley argues, is
that there are linguistically mandated constraints on the effects
of the situation on what we say. These linguistically mandated
constraints are most evident in the cases of sentences containing
explicit pronouns, such as "She is a mathematician," where
interpretation of the information expressed is guided by the use of
the pronoun "she." But even when such explicit pronouns are
lacking, our sentences provide similar cues to allow our
interlocutors to determine the information expressed. We are, in
the main, confident that our interlocutors will smoothly grasp what
we say, because the grammar and meaning of our sentences encodes
these constraints. In defending this theory, Stanley pays close
attention to specific cases of context-sensitive constructions,
such as quantified noun phrases, comparative adjectives, and
conditionals.
Philosophers and cognitive scientist have appealed to the
dependence of what is intuitively said by a sentence on the
situation in which it is uttered to argue against the possibility
of a systematic theory of meaning for natural language. The theory
developed in this book is a vigorous defense of the possibility of
a systematic theory of meaning for natural language against these
influential tendencies.
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