In Interop , technology experts John Palfrey and Urs Gasser explore
the immense importance of interoperability,the standardization and
integration of technology,and show how this simple principle will
hold the key to our success in the coming decades and beyond. The
practice of standardization has been facilitating innovation and
economic growth for centuries. The standardization of the railroad
gauge revolutionized the flow of commodities, the standardization
of money revolutionized debt markets and simplified trade, and the
standardization of credit networks has allowed for the purchase of
goods using money deposited in a bank half a world away. These
advancements did not eradicate the different systems they affected
instead, each system has been transformed so that it can
interoperate with systems all over the world, while still
preserving local diversity. As Palfrey and Gasser show,
interoperability is a critical aspect of any successful system,and
now it is more important than ever. Today we are confronted with
challenges that affect us on a global scale: the financial crisis,
the quest for sustainable energy, and the need to reform health
care systems and improve global disaster response systems. The
successful flow of information across systems is crucial if we are
to solve these problems, but we must also learn to manage the vast
degree of interconnection inherent in each system involved.
Interoperability offers a number of solutions to these global
challenges, but Palfrey and Gasser also consider its potential
negative effects, especially with respect to privacy, security, and
co-dependence of states indeed, interoperability has already
sparked debates about document data formats, digital music, and how
to create successful yet safe cloud computing. Interop demonstrates
that, in order to get the most out of interoperability while
minimizing its risks, we will need to fundamentally revisit our
understanding of how it works, and how it can allow for
improvements in each of its constituent parts. In Interop , Palfrey
and Gasser argue that there needs to be a nuanced, stable theory of
interoperability,one that still generates efficiencies, but which
also ensures a sustainable mode of interconnection. Pointing the
way forward for the new information economy, Interop provides
valuable insights into how technological integration and innovation
can flourish in the twenty-first century.
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