Groundwater constitutes the most important reservoir of
available clean water. Due to its overexploitation, some
anthropogenic mismanagement on the surface and the overloading of
the cleanup potential of subsurface, many of the groundwater
systems used for water supply are in jeopardy. The problem is very
severe in dry-lands, but also in urban, industrial, agricultural
and traffic areas.
This book first addresses the recharge fluxes relating both to
the quantity and quality of groundwater. In order to face the
threats to the water supply and to be able to maintain a
sustainable water management policy, detailed knowledge is needed
on the surface-to-subsurface transformation link in the water
cycle. Secondly, a comparison of both the traditional and modern
approaches to determine groundwater recharge is presented. The
traditional approach to determine groundwater recharge is based on
water balance estimates and hydraulic considerations, which yield
instantaneous values at best but do not integrate the totality of
recharge pathways in time and space. In contrast, environmental
tracers integrate these factors. Finally, the fate of groundwater
recharge in the subsurface by hydraulic and geologic means is
explained in detail, in order to stimulate adapted
groundwater-management strategies and to better assess consequences
of climate changes on groundwater resources as a whole.
General
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