When President Dwight Eisenhower spoke of waging "total cold war,"
he was proposing nothing less than a global, all-embracing battle
for hearts and minds. His wide-ranging propaganda campaign
challenged world communism at every turn and left a lasting mark on
the American psyche.
Kenneth Osgood now chronicles the secret psychological warfare
programs America developed at the height of the Cold War. These
programs-which were often indistinguishable from CIA covert
operations-went well beyond campaigns to foment unrest behind the
Iron Curtain. The effort was global: U.S. propaganda campaigns
targeted virtually every country in the free world.
"Total Cold War" also shows that Eisenhower waged his propaganda
war not just abroad, but also at home. U.S. psychological warfare
programs blurred the lines between foreign and domestic propaganda
with campaigns that both targeted the American people and enlisted
them as active participants in global contest for public
opinion.
Osgood focuses on major campaigns such as Atoms for Peace,
People-to-People, and cultural exchange programs. Drawing on
recently declassified documents that record U.S. psychological
operations in some three dozen countries, he tells how U.S.
propaganda agencies presented everyday life in America to the
world: its citizens living full, happy lives in a classless society
where economic bounty was shared by all. Osgood further
investigates the ways in which superpower disarmament negotiations
were used as propaganda maneuvers in the battle for international
public opinion. He also reexamines the early years of the space
race, focusing especially on the challenge to American
propagandists posed by the Soviet launch of Sputnik.
Perhaps most telling, Osgood takes a new look at President
Eisenhower's leadership. Believing that psychological warfare was a
potent weapon in America's arsenal, Ike appears in these pages not
as a disinterested figurehead, as he's often been portrayed, but as
an activist president who left a profound mark on national security
affairs.
Osgood's distinctive interpretation places Cold War propaganda
campaigns in the context of an international arena drastically
changed by the communications revolution and the age of mass
politics and total war. It provides a new perspective on the
conduct of public diplomacy, even as Americans today continue to
grapple with the challenges of winning other hearts and minds in
another global struggle.
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