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Books > History > African history
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Beyond Jihad - The Pacifist Tradition in West African Islam (Hardcover)
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Beyond Jihad - The Pacifist Tradition in West African Islam (Hardcover)
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Over the course of the last 1400 years, Islam has grown from a
small band of followers on the Arabian peninsula into a global
religion of over a billion believers. How did this happen? The
usual answer is that Islam spread by the sword-that believers waged
jihad against rival tribes and kingdoms and forced them to convert.
Lamin Sanneh argues that this is far from the case. Beyond Jihad
examines the origin and evolution of the Muslim African pacifist
tradition, beginning with an inquiry into Islam's beginnings and
expansion in North Africa and its transmission across trans-Saharan
trade routes to West Africa. The book focuses on the ways in which,
without jihad, the religion spread and took hold, and what that
assimilation process means for understanding the nature of
religious and social change. At the heart of this process were
clerics who used educational, religious, and legal scholarship to
promote Islam. Once this clerical class emerged it offered
continuity and stability in the midst of political changes and
cultural shifts; it helped inhibit the spread of radicalism, and
otherwise challenged it in specific jihad outbreaks. With its roots
in the Mali Empire and its policy of religious and inter-ethnic
accommodation, and going beyond routes and kingdoms, pacifist
teaching tracked a cumulative pathway for Islam in remote districts
of the Mali Empire by instilling a patient, Sufi-inspired, and
jihad-negating impulse into religious life and practice. Islam was
successful in Africa, the book argues, not because of military
might but because it was made African by Africans who adapted it to
a variety of contexts.
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