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The Blood-Brain Barrier, Amino Acids and Peptides (Hardcover, 1990 ed.)
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The Blood-Brain Barrier, Amino Acids and Peptides (Hardcover, 1990 ed.)
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Definition of the barrier The interstitial fluid (rSF) of the brain
is separated from the blood by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This
barrier must not be thought of as a single entity or as an absolute
restriction to all molecules, but as a multiple structure located
at several sites within the brain. The first of these interfaces is
located at the endothelium of the brain capillaries. Secondly there
is a potential site for interchange on the outer linings of the
brain between the dura and the arachnoid membranes. Thirdly, there
are the choroid plexuses and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which is
in contact with the very permeable internal ependymal lining of the
brain (Figure 1. 1). Finally there are areas of the brain which
lack a blood-brain barrier. These areas constitute the
circumventricu lar organs and have leaky capillaries with a barrier
at the ependyma which limits the spread of molecules from those
regions (Figure 1. 2). Each of these BBB sites has its own
characteristic permeability and transport functions. We will now
consider the properties of each of these barrier sites between the
blood and the brain. THE CEREBRAL CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIUM Morphology
This interface has both the largest surface area and the shortest
path length between the blood and the brain rSF. The cerebral
capillaries, which at first sight seem little different from the
rest of the systemic circulation, are in fact unique to the brain."
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