This volume represents an effort to bring together communities of
land-based hydrogeology and marine hydrogeology. The issues of
submarine groundwater discharge and its opposite phenomenon of
seawater invasion are discussed in this book from the geophysical,
geochemical, biological, and engineering perspectives. This is
where land hydrogeology and marine hydrogeology overlap. Submarine
groundwater discharge is a rapidly developing research field. The
SCOR and LOICZ of the IGBP have recently established a working
group for this research. IASPO and IAHS under IUGG also recently
formed a new joint committee "Seawater/Groundwater Interactions" to
collaborate with oceanographers and hydrologists.
The other articles introduce frontier research topics in more
typical land and marine environments, such as fluid flow in karst
aquifers, the biological aspects of fluids in sedimentary basins
and submarine sedimentary formations, respectively, and vigorous
fluid flow in subsea formations and their significance in global
tectonics. Geochemical characteristics of hydrothermal activities
at a number of active continental margins are also reviewed, and
multidisciplinary geophysical constraints of the permeability of
young igneous oceanic crust are summarized. A variety of driving
mechanisms for fluid flow is discussed in land and subsea
formations; terrestrial hydraulic gradient, buoyancy driven free
convection, tidally induced flow, flow induced by tectonic strain,
flow due to sediment compaction.
General
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