Contrary to the conventional wisdom that sectarianism is
intrinsically linked to violence, bloodshed, or social disharmony,
Max Weiss uncovers the complex roots of Shii sectarianism in
twentieth-century Lebanon.
The template for conflicted relations between the Lebanese state
and Shii society arose under French Mandate rule through a process
of gradual transformation, long before the political mobilization
of the Shii community under the charismatic Imam Musa al-Sadr and
his Movement of the Deprived, and decades before the radicalization
linked to Hizballah. Throughout the period, the Shii community was
buffeted by crosscutting political, religious, and ideological
currents: transnational affiliations versus local concerns; the
competing pull of Arab nationalism and Lebanese nationalism;
loyalty to Jabal Amil, the cultural heartland of Shii Lebanon; and
the modernization of religious and juridical traditions.
Uncoupling the beginnings of modern Shii collective identity
from the rise of political Shiism, Weiss transforms our
understanding of the nature of sectarianism and shows why in
Lebanon it has been both so productive and so destructive at the
same time.
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