In "Neuroscience and Philosophy" three prominent philosophers
and a leading neuroscientist clash over the conceptual
presuppositions of cognitive neuroscience. The book begins with an
excerpt from Maxwell Bennett and Peter Hacker's "Philosophical
Foundations of Neuroscience" (Blackwell, 2003), which questions the
conceptual commitments of cognitive neuroscientists. Their position
is then criticized by Daniel Dennett and John Searle, two
philosophers who have written extensively on the subject, and
Bennett and Hacker in turn respond.
Their impassioned debate encompasses a wide range of central
themes: the nature of consciousness, the bearer and location of
psychological attributes, the intelligibility of so-called brain
maps and representations, the notion of qualia, the coherence of
the notion of an intentional stance, and the relationships between
mind, brain, and body. Clearly argued and thoroughly engaging, the
authors present fundamentally different conceptions of
philosophical method, cognitive-neuroscientific explanation, and
human nature, and their exchange will appeal to anyone interested
in the relation of mind to brain, of psychology to neuroscience, of
causal to rational explanation, and of consciousness to
self-consciousness.
In his conclusion Daniel Robinson (member of the philosophy
faculty at Oxford University and Distinguished Professor Emeritus
at Georgetown University) explains why this confrontation is so
crucial to the understanding of neuroscientific research. The
project of cognitive neuroscience, he asserts, depends on the
incorporation of human nature into the framework of science itself.
In Robinson's estimation, Dennett and Searle fail to support this
undertaking; Bennett and Hacker suggest that the project itself
might be based on a conceptual mistake. Exciting and challenging,
"Neuroscience and Philosophy" is an exceptional introduction to the
philosophical problems raised by cognitive neuroscience.
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