The most important development in studies of the metabolic effects
of anes- thetics has been the recent demonstration that anesthetics
may alter the rate of transport of metabolites across biologic
membranes. The membranes affected include cell membranes as well as
mitochondrial membranes. Inhalation anesthe- tics generally have
little effect on glycolysis but may sigrllficantly alter oxidative
phosphorylation and mitochondrial oxygen consumption. The direct
effects of anesthetics on cell metabolism may be overshadowed in
vitro by secondary effects anesthetics exert on endocrine balance,
organ blood flow, and changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide
tensions. References ALBERS, C., BRENDEL, W., USINGER, W.:
Kreislaufrespiratorischer Stoffwechsel undAtmung in Athernarkose.
Arch. expo Pathol. Pharmakol., Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's 226, 278
(1955). ALEXANDER, S. C., COHEN, P. J., WOLLMAN, H., SMITH, T. C.,
REIVICH, ~L, MOLEN, R. A. U.: Cerebral carbohydrate metabolism
during hypocarbia in man. Studies during nitrous oxide anesthesia.
Anesthesiology 26, 624 (1965). ANDERSEN, N. B.: Effect of general
anesthetics on sodium transport in the isolated toad bladder.
Anesthesiology 27, 304 (1966). - Synergistic effect of cyclopropane
and epinephrine on sodium transport in toad bladder. Anesthesiology
28, 438 (1967). ANNAMUNTHODO, H., KEATING, V., PATRICK, S. J.:
Liver glycogen alteration in anaesthesia and surgery. Anaesthesia
13, 429 (1958). APRAHAMIAN, H. A., VANDERVEEN, J. L., BUNKER, J.
P., MURPHY, A. J., CRAWFORD, J. D.: The influence of general
anesthetics on water and solute excretion in man. Ann. Surg. 100,
122 (1959).
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