In this intriguing volume, Merrie G. Klapp explains how
regulatory decisions in such crucial areas as public health,
technological safety, and environmental quality are molded and
recast. She finds that scientific uncertainty is a key factor, with
agencies, interest groups, Congress, and the courts attempting to
shift responsibility of proof or varying the standard of proof
according to the pressures brought to bear on the issue. In
general, Professor Klapp finds that when citizens or industrialists
organize to protest a regulatory decision and when the legislature
or the courts take scientific uncertainty into account, then the
initial regulatory decision is changed.
By contrast with the United States, where scientific uncertainty
is used as a public resource and rationale for change, in France
and Britain scientific uncertainty is treated as a private
resource. French and British scientists do not treat regulatory
decisions as opportunities to reveal scientific uncertainty to the
public--instead, discussions of uncertainties are held behind
closed doors and, when reports are made to the public about
regulatory decisions, scientific information is presented as if it
were certain. Bargaining with Uncertainty will be a provocative
analysis to those scholars and researchers concerned with the
making of public policy as well as those concerned with risk
assessment in public health, the environment, and technology.
General
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