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Putting Metaphysics First - Essays on Metaphysics and Epistemology (Paperback)
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Putting Metaphysics First - Essays on Metaphysics and Epistemology (Paperback)
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The metaphysical part of this book is largely concerned with
realism issues. Michael Devitt starts with realism about
universals, dismissing Plato's notorious 'one over many' problem.
Several chapters argue for a fairly uncompromisingly realist view
of the external physical world of commonsense and science. Both the
nonfactualism of moral noncognitivism and positivistic
instrumentalism, and defl ationism about truth, are found to rest
on an antirealism that is hard to characterize. A case is presented
for moral realism. Various biological realisms are considered.
Finally, an argument is presented for an unfashionable biological
essentialism.
The second part of the book is epistemological. Devitt argues
against the a priori and for a Quinean naturalism. The intuitions
that so dominate "armchair philosophy" are empirical not a priori.
Throughout the book there is an emphasis on distinguishing
metaphysical issues about what there is and what it's like from
semantic issues about meaning, truth, and reference. Another
central theme, captured in the title, is that we should "put
metaphysics first." We should approach epistemology and semantics
from a metaphysical perspective rather than vice versa. The
epistemological turn in modern philosophy, and the linguistic turn
in contemporary philosophy, were something of disasters.
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