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The Neuroendocrine Leydig Cells and their Stem Cell Progenitors, the Pericytes (Paperback, 2009 ed.)
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The Neuroendocrine Leydig Cells and their Stem Cell Progenitors, the Pericytes (Paperback, 2009 ed.)
Series: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology, 205
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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cells, and the testicular localization of the intermediate filament
protein nestin, known to be expressed in neural stem cells, by our
group was the first step to define mural cells (pericytes and
vascular smooth muscle cells) of the testis microvascu- ture as the
stem/progenitor cells of the adult Leydig cells. In summary, we
were able to demonstrate specific proliferation of vascular
progenitors and their subsequent transdifferentiation into
steroidogenic Leydig cells, which - in addition - rapidly acquire
neuronal and glial properties. Since both newly developed fetal and
adult Leydig cell populations show the same features, a common
origin of both popu- tions seems likely. Pericytes are distributed
throughout the body, and there is convincing evidence for their
stem/progenitor cell properties in diverse organs. Under
appropriate (locally defined) conditions these pericytes, which
reside in the vascular stem cell niche as dormant stem cells,
become activated, proliferate, migrate and differentiate towards
different somatic cell types of the body. Since most mesenchymal
stem/ progenitor cell types exhibit essential similarity to
pericytes and certain mesenchymal stem cells represent pericyte
descendants, we propose that mesenchymal stem cells in the
perivascular niche are daughter cells of pericytes. Thus, pericytes
are promising candidates for ancestor cells of all adult stem cells
in the organism. There is strong evidence that early stem cells
(cells arising during embryogenesis), such as the pericytes,
exhibit both mesodermal and neural progeny, which might explain the
neuroendocrine properties of the Leydig cells.
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