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Reproducibility and Replicability in Science (Paperback)
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Reproducibility and Replicability in Science (Paperback)
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One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the
validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research
that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently
confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear
that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while
others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an
important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about
reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both
scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light,
Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences,
Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of
issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer
recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific
research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines
reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may
lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research.
Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two
computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced,
and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of
scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to
researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps
they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in
science. Table of Contents Front Matter Executive Summary Summary 1
Introduction 2 Scientific Methods and Knowledge 3 Understanding
Reproducibility and Replicability 4 Reproducibility 5 Replicability
6 Improving Reproducibility and Replicability 7 Confidence in
Science References Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee
Members and Staff Appendix B: Agendas of Open Committee Meetings
Appendix C: Recommendations Grouped by Stakeholder Appendix D:
Using Bayes Analysis for Hypothesis Testing Appendix E: Conducting
Replicable Surveys of Scientific Communities
General
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