This book is the first detailed study of the causes of
de-radicalization in armed Islamist movements. It is based on
frontline research that includes interviews with Jihadist leaders,
mid-ranking commanders, and young sympathizers, as well as former
security and intelligence officers and state officials.
Additionally, it is also the first book to analyze the
particular conditions under which successful de-radicalization can
take place. The current literature on Islamist movements attempts
to explain two principal issues: their support of violence
(radicalization) and their changing attitudes towards democracy and
democratization (moderation). However, the reasons behind
renouncing (behavioural de-radicalization) and de-legitimizing
(ideological de-radicalization) violence have not been evaluated to
date. The author provides an in-depth analysis of the
de-radicalization processes of the Egyptian Muslim Brothers
(1951-73), former allies of al-Qa'ida, such as al-Gama'a
al-Islammiyya (Islamic Group of Egypt, 1997-2002) and al-Jihad
Organization (2007- present), as well as of Algerian Islamist
groups (1997-2000). The book also analyzes cases of
de-radicalization failure.
The two questions that the book highlights and attempts to
answer are Why? and How? For example, why do radical Islamist
militants revise their ideologies, strategies and objectives and
initiate a de-radicalization process; and what are the necessary
conditions behind successful de-radicalization? De-radicalization
of Jihadists shows how a combination of charismatic leadership,
state repression, social interactions and selective inducements can
ultimately lead jihadists to abandon 'jihad' and de-legitimize
violence.
This book will be of great interest to students of radical
Islamist movements and Islamic Studies, terrorism and political
violence, security studies, and Middle Eastern politics.
Omar Ashour is a Lecturer in Politics in the Institute of Arab
and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter. He has a PhD in
International Relations from McGill University in Canada.
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