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Perspectives in Ethology - Volume 7 Alternatives (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987)
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Perspectives in Ethology - Volume 7 Alternatives (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987)
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This volume is subtitled "Alternatives" because we wanted to devote
at least a part of it to the alternative ways in which members of
the same species behave in a given situation. Not so very long ago
the supposition among many ethologists was that if one animal
behaved in a particular way, then all other members of the same age
and sex would do the same. Any differences in the ethogram between
individuals were to be attributed to "normal biological variation.
" Such thinking is less common nowadays after the discovery of
dramatic differences between members of the same species which are
of the same age and sex. Alternative modes of behavior, though now
familiar, raise particularly interesting questions about current
function, evolutionary history, and mechanism. Do the differences
rep resent equally satisfactory solutions to a given problem? Are
some of the solutions the best that those animals can do, given
their body size and general condition? Is an alternative solution
adopted because so many other individuals have taken the first? If
so, do the frequencies reached at equilibrium depend on
differential survival of genetically distinct types or do they
result from decisions taken by individual animals? If the
alternatives are induced during development, as are the castes of
social insects, what is required for such triggering? The questions
about alternative ways of behaving are addressed in some of the
chapters in this volume."
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