In this path-breaking work, Paul Thagard draws on the history
and philosophy of science, cognitive psychology, and the field of
artificial intelligence to develop a theory of conceptual change
capable of accounting for all major scientific revolutions. The
history of science contains dramatic episodes of revolutionary
change in which whole systems of concepts have been replaced by new
systems. Thagard provides a new and comprehensive perspective on
the transformation of scientific conceptual systems.
Thagard examines the Copernican and the Darwinian revolutions
and the emergence of Newton's mechanics, Lavoisier's oxygen theory,
Einstein's theory of relativity, quantum theory, and the geological
theory of plate tectonics. He discusses the psychological
mechanisms by which new concepts and links between them are formed,
and advances a computational theory of explanatory coherence to
show how new theories can be judged to be superior to previous
ones.
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