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The Centered Mind - What the Science of Working Memory Shows Us About the Nature of Human Thought (Hardcover)
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The Centered Mind - What the Science of Working Memory Shows Us About the Nature of Human Thought (Hardcover)
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The Centered Mind offers a new view of the nature and causal
determinants of both reflective thinking and, more generally, the
stream of consciousness. Peter Carruthers argues that conscious
thought is always sensory-based, relying on the resources of the
working-memory system. This system has been much studied by
cognitive scientists. It enables sensory images to be sustained and
manipulated through attentional signals directed at midlevel
sensory areas of the brain. When abstract conceptual
representations are bound into these images, we consciously
experience ourselves as making judgments or arriving at decisions.
Thus one might hear oneself as judging, in inner speech, that it is
time to go home, for example. However, our amodal (non-sensory)
propositional attitudes are never actually among the contents of
this stream of conscious reflection. Our beliefs, goals, and
decisions are only ever active in the background of consciousness,
working behind the scenes to select the sensory-based imagery that
occurs in working memory. They are never themselves conscious.
Drawing on extensive knowledge of the scientific literature on
working memory and related topics, Carruthers builds an argument
that challenges the central assumptions of many philosophers. In
addition to arguing that non-sensory propositional attitudes are
never conscious, he also shows that they are never under direct
intentional control. Written with his usual clarity and directness,
The Centered Mind will be essential reading for all philosophers
and cognitive scientists interested in the nature of human thought
processes.
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