Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805-59) may be considered the
father of modern number theory. He studied in Paris, coming under
the influence of mathematicians like Fourier and Legendre, and then
taught at Berlin and Goettingen universities, where he was the
successor to Gauss. This book contains lectures on number theory
given by Dirichlet in 1856-7. They include his famous proofs of the
class number theorem for binary quadratic forms and the existence
of an infinity of primes in every appropriate arithmetical
progression. The material was first published in 1863 by Richard
Dedekind (1831-1916), professor at Braunschweig, who had been a
junior colleague of Dirichlet at Goettingen. The second edition
appeared in 1871; this reissue is of the third, revised and
expanded, edition of 1879; a fourth edition appeared as late as
1894. The appendices contain further work by both Dirichlet and
Dedekind.
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