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Population in the Human Sciences - Concepts, Models, Evidence (Hardcover)
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Population in the Human Sciences - Concepts, Models, Evidence (Hardcover)
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The Human Sciences address problems in nature and society that
often require coordinated approaches of several scientific
disciplines and scholarly research, embracing the social and
biological sciences, and history. When we wish, for example, to
understand how some sub-populations and not others come to be
vulnerable, why a disease spreads in one part of a population and
not another, or which gene variants are transmitted across
generations, then a remarkable range of disciplinary perspectives
need to be brought together, from the study of institutional
structures, cultural boundaries, and social networks down to the
micro-biology of cellular pathways, and gene expression. The need
to explain and address differential impacts of pressing
contemporary issues like AIDS, ageing, social and economic
inequalities, and environmental change, are well-known cases in
point. Population concepts, models, and evidence lie at the core of
approaches to all of these problems, if only because accurate
differentiation and identification of groups, their structures,
constituents, and relations between sub-populations, are necessary
to specify their nature and extent. The study of population thus
draws both on statistical methodologies of demography and
population genetics and sustained observation of the ways in which
populations and sub-populations are formed, maintained, or broken
up in nature, in the laboratory, and in society. In an era in which
research needs to operate on multiple levels, population thinking
thus provides a common ground for communication and critical
thought across disciplines. Population in the Human Sciences
addresses the need for review and assessment of the framework of
interdisciplinary population studies. Limitations to prevailing
postwar paradigms like the Evolutionary Synthesis and Demographic
Transition were becoming evident by the 1970s. Subsequent decades
have witnessed an immense expansion of population modelling and
related empirical inquiry, with new genetic developments that have
reshaped evolutionary, population, and developmental biology. The
rise of anthropological and historical demography, and social
network analysis, are playing major roles in rethinking modern and
earlier population history. More recently, the emergence of
sub-disciplines like biodemography and evolutionary anthropology,
and growing links between evolutionary and developmental biology,
indicate a growing convergence of biological and social approaches
to population.
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