The historian Polybius (ca. 200 118 BCE) was born into a leading
family of Megalopolis in the Peloponnese and served the Achaean
League in arms and diplomacy for many years, favoring alliance with
Rome. From 168 to 151 he was held hostage in Rome, where he became
a friend of Lucius Aemilius Paulus and his two sons, especially
Scipio Aemilianus, whose campaigns, including the destruction of
Carthage, he later attended. Late in his life, as a trusted
mediator between Greece and the Romans, he helped in the
discussions that preceded the final war with Carthage, and after
146 was entrusted by the Romans with the details of administration
in Greece.
Polybius overall theme is how and why the Romans spread their
power as they did. The main part of his history covers the years
264 146 BCE, describing the rise of Rome, her destruction of
Carthage, and her eventual domination of the Greek world. It is a
vital achievement of the first importance despite the incomplete
state in which all but the first five of its original forty books
have reached us.
For this edition, W. R. Paton s excellent translation, first
published in 1922, has been thoroughly revised, the Buttner-Wobst
Greek text corrected, and explanatory notes and a new introduction
added, all reflecting the latest scholarship.
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