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Exploring the Atmosphere by Remote Sensing Techniques (Paperback, Softcover reprint of hardcover 1st ed. 2003)
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Exploring the Atmosphere by Remote Sensing Techniques (Paperback, Softcover reprint of hardcover 1st ed. 2003)
Series: Lecture Notes in Physics, 607
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In recent years, it has emerged that human activities contribute to
the c- mate changes of our planet. For this reason, it is essential
to understand the chemical and physical processes governing
atmospheric balance, to -
terminetheconcentrationofatmosphericconstituentsandmonitortheird-
tribution worldwide. In situ measurements from ground-based
instruments can give detailed local information, but only passive
remote sensing inst- ments mounted aboard satellites can generate
the global records needed for long-term monitoring of the
atmosphere. For these reasons, two schools on remote sensing have
been held at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics ICTP
at Trieste (founded by the Nobel Prizewinner Abdus Salam)
overthelastfouryears. The?rstschool"ExploringtheAtmosphereby-
moteSensing"wasmainlydevotedtoatmosphericapplications, whereasthe
second"InverseMethodsinAtmosphericSciences"focusedontechniquesto
retrieve atmospheric components, gases, aerosol and clouds. More
than 140
studentsfromdi?erentcountriesattendedthecoursesand30lecturersint-
ducedtheEarthObservationmissionsandthemostadvancedtechniquesto
retrieve atmospheric components. This book contains the topics
underlying eachofthetwoschools.
The?rstcontributionbyPaulSimonandPolymniaSkarlasintroducethe
networks, combiningmeasurementsfromvariousinstruments, formingan-
tegral part of a general strategy, namely the Integrated Global
Observing Strategy(IGOS),
whichseekstobringtogetherthemajorground-basedand
satellitecomponentsoftheEarth'sobservingsystemforabettere?ectiveness
intheiruseandinthestudyoftheenvironment. Thisgivesafewexamples of
networks focusing on generating data of known and high quality, to
s- port research related to the Earth's atmospheric environment on
the sho- andlong-termscales,
butalsoassessmentsonglobalchangeandguidancein
internationalpolicymaking. A second contribution by Martine
DeMaziere covers the exploitation of
thesynergybetweengroundandspacemeasurements. Thiscontribution-
troduces some remote sensing ground-based observation methods and
hi- lightssomeaspectsofatmosphericchanges.
Manyreferencesareincludedfor furtherreading. VI Preface
AthirdcontributionbyKnutStamnesreviewsforwardmodellingcapab-
itiesandrequirementsinconnectionwithremotesensingoftheenvironment.
Emphasis is placed on the formulation of the problem and on
discussion of recent developments. The plane-parallel radiative
transfer model is used as
aspeci?cexampleofaforwardmodelthatissimplebutveryuseful. Aso-
tiontothisforwardmodelisoutlinedusingthediscreteordinatemethod. A
linearizedversionofthisdiscreteordinatesolutionyieldinganalyticweig-
ing functions or Jacobians in addition to radiances is also brie?y
discussed. This provides a framework for a discussion of
computational resource and accuracyrequirements.
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