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Books > Language & Literature > Language & linguistics > Historical & comparative linguistics
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Borrowing - Loanwords in the Speech Community and in the Grammar (Hardcover)
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Borrowing - Loanwords in the Speech Community and in the Grammar (Hardcover)
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Studies of bilingual behavior have been proliferating for decades,
yet short shrift has been given to its major manifestation, the
incorporation of words from one language into the discourse of
another. This volume redresses that imbalance by going straight to
the source: bilingual speakers in their social context. Building on
more than three decades of original research based on vast
quantities of spontaneous performance data and a highly ramified
analytical apparatus, Shana Poplack characterizes the phenomenon of
lexical borrowing in the speech community and in the grammar, both
synchronically and diachronically. In contrast to most other
treatments, which deal with the product of borrowing (if they
consider it at all), this book examines the process: how speakers
go about incorporating foreign items into their bilingual
discourse; how they adapt them to recipient-language grammatical
structure; how these forms diffuse across speakers and communities;
how long they persist in real time; and whether they change over
the duration. Attacking some of the most contentious issue in
language mixing research empirically, it tests hypotheses about
established loanwords, nonce borrowings and code-switches on a
wealth of unique datasets on typologically similar and distinct
language pairs. A major focus is the detailed analysis of
integration: the principal mechanism underlying the borrowing
process. Though the shape the borrowed form assumes may be colored
by community convention, Poplack shows that the act of transforming
donor-language elements into native material is universal. Emphasis
on actual speaker behavior coupled with strong standards of proof,
including data-driven reports of rates of occurrence, conditioning
of variant choice and measures of statistical significance, make
Borrowing an indispensable reference on language contact and
bilingual behavior.
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