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Creating the Welfare State in France, 1880-1940 (Hardcover)
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Creating the Welfare State in France, 1880-1940 (Hardcover)
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A study of the politics of health care and unemployment policy at
the national level and local level in French cities from the 1880s
to 1940. Timothy Smith argues that although post-World War II
politicians have attempted to take credit for the creation of
welfare state, the social reform movement in France actually grew
out of World War I. Smith shows that French social spending before
World War II was well above the European average and demonstrates
that the present welfare state is based on a structure that already
existed but was expanded and consolidated with great political
fanfare during the 1940s. Smith shows that France's most important
social legislation to date - providing medical insurance, maternity
benefits, modest pensions, and disability benefits to millions of
people - was passed in 1928 (and amended and put into practice in
1930). This law, misrepresented in textbooks as being an utter
failure, covered over 50 percent of the population by 1940. Few
other nations could have claimed this sort of social insurance
success. As well, by 1937 the centuries-old public assistance
residency requirements had been transferred from the local to the
departmental (regional) level. France's success in introducing
important social reforms may require us to rethink - or at least
modify - the common view of interwar France as a time of utter
political, economic, and social failure.
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