In Theoretical Knowledge an original conception of a structure
and dynamics of scientific knowledge is proposed. A detailed
analysis of the foundations of science performed by the author
allowed him to develop new ideas and approaches, to demonstrate how
sociocultural factors are incorporated in the process of yielding
of new theories. He shows direct and inverse links between
foundations of science and new theories and empirical facts evolved
from those, how among many potentially possible histories of
science a culture selects just those directions which become a real
history of science.
The author analyses mechanisms of the generation of scientific
theories and shows that those are changed in the process of
historical development of science. He displays three historical
types of scientific rationality (classical, non-classical and
post-non-classical, which appears in modern science) and shows
features of their coexistence and interplay. It is shown that along
with the emerging of post-non-classical rationality science
increases the sphere of its worldview applications. Science begins
to correlate not only with the basic values of technogenic
civilization but also with some values and patterns of traditional
cultures.
The investigation is based on the extensive literature on the
history of natural and social sciences. The reader will find in the
book authentic historical reconstructions of the processes of the
development of classical and quantum electrodynamics, relativity,
and conceptions of evolution in biology.
General
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