Prebiotics and Probiotics in Human Milk: Origins and Functions of Milk-Borne Oligosaccharides and Bacteria provides a comprehensive, yet approachable, treatise on what is currently known about the origins and functions of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), the complex sugars in milk that are not digested by the infant. The book examines how HMOs and bacteria in human milk may function independently and coordinately to influence both maternal and infant health. Human milk is the only food "designed" specifically to nourish humans, indeed representing the essence of a perfect "functional food." And although researchers have been studying its composition for decades, surprisingly little is really understood about the origins and functions of its myriad components, an area that is especially true for HMOs and bacteria. This book provides a thorough review of the newest research on these inter-related milk constituents as written by a team of experts from both academia and industry who actively conduct HMO and human milk microbiome research as they endeavor to apply this new knowledge to infant nutrition. Each chapter provides objective rationale for what research is still needed in this rapidly evolving area, also discussing the challenges and opportunities faced by the industry in adding HMO and microbes to infant food products. This book is a valuable resource for nutrition researchers focused on infant nutrition, food scientists and product developers working on infant formula, and clinicians interested in broadening their understanding of the benefits of human milk for infants.

McGuire and Anderson bring the findings of the behavioral biology of group cooperation to bear on the vexatious problem of healthcare reform. One of the few certainties that we have is that the approach of the last 50 years--arguments between advocates of government or private insurance--has led to intractable gridlock. It is thus necessary to ask whether the initial assumptions buried within this controversy might have fatal flaws. In the authors' views, they do. Our modern society would never tolerate funding of any other necessity or convenience by such clumsy methods. In short, McGuire and Anderson contend we must pay for healthcare the way we pay for food, housing, clothing, and transportation.

McGuire and Anderson begin by examining the flaws embedded in each side of the current debate. They offer ten postulates around which any successful system must be devised, and identify the problems from the perspective of patients, professionals, and public and private insurance providers. Finally, they apply the knowledge of the biology of human behavior to the problem of enhancing group cooperation toward a self-correcting system, which avoids the current major pitfalls. A workable system, they contend, will be one that is compatible with human nature; not a perfect system, but better than we have, and more likely to work than competing theoretical constructs.

The book details the murders aboard the fishing vessel Investor. This is the largest unsolved mass murder in Alaska State history. Eight people were slaughtered, including two small children and the Captians pregnant wife. The book starts with the actual scene of the murders and continues on through the lives of those involved as well as two trials of the suspected killer. The State failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that their suspect was guilty. The author was personaly involved with the case from the beginning. During years of research, evidence was uncovered by the author as to the identitity of the possiable murderers. New evidence uncovers legal misconduct, lies, coverups and powerful drug connections. All of which shed new light on this gruesome crime.

"Decentralization as a Means of Satisfying Basic Needs: An Economic Guide for Policymakers" by J. Michael McGuire The challenge addressed in this book is designing the degree of decentralization that is most effective in satisfying the basic needs of the poor. Case studies of decentralization at work in the real world are presented and analyzed. The aim of this book is to help the reader who wishes to use decentralization to help implement a basic needs approach to development. The aim of this book is to help readers use the decentralization of government functions to implement a basic needs approach to development. The aim is not to "give the answer," but rather to provide insight into decentralization as a process and to help practitioners develop skills in designing their own decentralization programs.

A volume in Research on Hispanic and Latino Business Series Editors Michael William Mulnix and Esther Elena Lopez-Mulnix Approximately 25% of Latin Americans live on less than $2 a day, and Latin America is the most unequal region of the world. Poverty and inequality cause suffering and slow development. The solution must include generating an inclusive development process through satisfying the basic needs of the poor that enhance their productivity, that enable them to contribute to the development process, and that enables them to earn the income necessary to live a full life. Decentralization of taxing and spending from the central government to lower levels of government can help to satisfy basic needs of the poor and create an inclusive development process. However, decentralization is a stepby- step process that must implemented by taking into account real-world circumstances such as a lack of administrative ability in local government, and by formulating policy accordingly. The book derives economic principles for implementing the process of decentralization, and it presents cases that illustrate the principles at work. It is an economic guide for policymakers and practitioners.

Crystal Clear, Up-to-Date Science + Compelling Applications = A Balanced Program for Learning. Develop a clear understanding of the core concepts of nutrition with NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES: FROM FUNDAMENTALS TO FOOD, 4th Edition. Now updated with the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the latest findings in the field, this proven resource clearly explains the scientific principles underlying nutrition while incorporating applications relevant to your daily life. Supported by an impressive visual design, engaging case studies, and interactive digital resources, NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES offers a unique, balanced program for learning.

As technology comes to characterize our world in ever more comprehensive ways there are increasing questions about how the 'rights' and 'wrongs' of technological use can be adequately categorized. To date, the scope of such questions have been limited - focused upon specific technologies such as the internet, or bio-technology with little sense of any social or historical continuities in the way technology in general has been regulated. In this book, for the first time, the 'question of technology' and its relation to criminal justice is approached as a whole. Technology, Crime and Justice analyzes a range of technologies, (including information, communications, nuclear, biological, transport and weapons technologies, amongst many others) in order to pose three interrelated questions about their affects upon criminal justice and criminal opportunity: to what extent can they really be said to provide new criminal opportunity or to enhance existing ones? what are the key characteristics of the ways in which such technologies have been regulated? how does technology itself serve as a regulatory force - both in crime control and social control more widely? Technology, Crime and Justice considers the implications of contemporary technology for the practice of criminal justice and relates them to key historical precedents in the way technology has been interpreted and controlled. It outlines a new 'social' way of thinking about technology - in terms of its affects upon our bodies and what they can do, most obviously the ways in which social life and our ability to causally interact with the world is 'extended' in various ways. It poses the question - could anything like a 'Technomia' of technology be identified - a recognizable set of principles and sanctions which govern the way that it is produced and used, principles also consistent with our sense of justice? This book provides a key resource for students and scholars of both criminology and technology studies.

As technology comes to characterize our world in ever more comprehensive ways there are increasing questions about how the 'rights' and 'wrongs' of technological use can be adequately categorized. To date, the scope of such questions have been limited - focused upon specific technologies such as the internet, or bio-technology with little sense of any social or historical continuities in the way technology in general has been regulated. In this book, for the first time, the 'question of technology' and its relation to criminal justice is approached as a whole. Technology, Crime and Justice analyzes a range of technologies, (including information, communications, nuclear, biological, transport and weapons technologies, amongst many others) in order to pose three interrelated questions about their affects upon criminal justice and criminal opportunity: to what extent can they really be said to provide new criminal opportunity or to enhance existing ones? what are the key characteristics of the ways in which such technologies have been regulated? how does technology itself serve as a regulatory force - both in crime control and social control more widely? Technology, Crime and Justice considers the implications of contemporary technology for the practice of criminal justice and relates them to key historical precedents in the way technology has been interpreted and controlled. It outlines a new 'social' way of thinking about technology - in terms of its affects upon our bodies and what they can do, most obviously the ways in which social life and our ability to causally interact with the world is 'extended' in various ways. It poses the question - could anything like a 'Technomia' of technology be identified - a recognizable set of principles and sanctions which govern the way that it is produced and used, principles also consistent with our sense of justice? This book provides a key resource for students and scholars of both criminology and technology studies.

Hypercrime develops a new theoretical approach toward current reformulations in criminal behaviours, in particular the phenomenon of cybercrime. Emphasizing a spatialized conception of deviance, one that clarifies the continuities between crime in the traditional, physical context and developing spaces of interaction such as a 'cyberspace', this book analyzes criminal behaviours in terms of the destructions, degradations or incursions to a hierarchy of regions that define our social world. Each chapter outlines violations to the boundaries of each of these spaces - from those defined by our bodies or our property, to the more subtle borders of the local and global spaces we inhabit. By treating cybercrime as but one instance of various possible criminal virtualities, the book develops a general theoretical framework, as equally applicable to the, as yet unrealized, technologies of criminal behaviour of the next century, as it is to those which relate to contemporary computer networks. Cybercrime is thereby conceptualized as one of a variety of geometries of harm, merely the latest of many that have extended opportunities for illicit gain in the physical world. Hypercrime offers a radical critique of the narrow conceptions of cybercrime offered by current justice systems and challenges the governing presumptions about the nature of the threat posed by it. Runner-up for the British Society of Criminology Book Prize (2008).

Hypercrime develops a new theoretical approach toward current reformulations in criminal behaviours, in particular the phenomenon of cybercrime. Emphasizing a spatialized conception of deviance, one that clarifies the continuities between crime in the traditional, physical context and developing spaces of interaction such as a 'cyberspace', this book analyzes criminal behaviours in terms of the destructions, degradations or incursions to a hierarchy of regions that define our social world. Each chapter outlines violations to the boundaries of each of these spaces - from those defined by our bodies or our property, to the more subtle borders of the local and global spaces we inhabit. By treating cybercrime as but one instance of various possible criminal virtualities, the book develops a general theoretical framework, as equally applicable to the, as yet unrealized, technologies of criminal behaviour of the next century, as it is to those which relate to contemporary computer networks. Cybercrime is thereby conceptualized as one of a variety of geometries of harm, merely the latest of many that have extended opportunities for illicit gain in the physical world. Hypercrime offers a radical critique of the narrow conceptions of cybercrime offered by current justice systems and challenges the governing presumptions about the nature of the threat posed by it. Runner-up for the British Society of Criminology Book Prize (2008).

Collaborative public management is a concept that describes the process of government and the private sector working together in multi-organizational arrangements to solve problems that cannot be solved (or easily solved) by single government organizations. Collaborative public management may also include participatory governance: the active involvement of citizens in government decision-making. This book presents current state-of-the-art empirical research and conceptualizing about collaborative public management. The contributors are top scholars in public management and public policy. The book examines how recent case studies have produced evolutions in public management theory, particularly since the publication of Robert Agranoff and Michael McGuire's award-winning book Collaborative Public Management: New Stratagies for Local Governments (Georgetown University Press, 2003). The thirteen chapters in the book are primarily organized by major topics in collaborative public management (e.g. how governments choose collaborative partners) and describe various recent cases that have advanced our understanding of the topic. One chapter (Chapter 6) provides a new case study.

This book is based on notes for the course Fractals: lntroduction, Basics and Perspectives given by MichaelF. Barnsley, RobertL. Devaney, Heinz-Otto Peit gen, Dietmar Saupe and Richard F. Voss. The course was chaired by Heinz-Otto Peitgen and was part of the SIGGRAPH '87 (Anaheim, California) course pro gram. Though the five chapters of this book have emerged from those courses we have tried to make this book a coherent and uniformly styled presentation as much as possible. It is the first book which discusses fractals solely from the point of view of computer graphics. Though fundamental concepts and algo rithms are not introduced and discussed in mathematical rigor we have made a serious attempt to justify and motivate wherever it appeared to be desirable. Ba sic algorithms are typically presented in pseudo-code or a description so close to code that a reader who is familiar with elementary computer graphics should find no problem to get started. Mandelbrot's fractal geometry provides both a description and a mathemat ical model for many of the seemingly complex forms and patterns in nature and the sciences. Fractals have blossomed enormously in the past few years and have helped reconnect pure mathematics research with both natural sciences and computing. Computer graphics has played an essential role both in its de velopment and rapidly growing popularity. Conversely, fractal geometry now plays an important role in the rendering, modelling and animation of natural phenomena and fantastic shapes in computer graphics."

Human Milk: Sampling and Measurement of Energy-Yielding Nutrients and Other Macromolecules presents comprehensive, rigorous, state-of-the-science information on the origins, analysis, concentrations and variation in energy-yielding nutrients and other macromolecules present in human milk. The book includes information on how best to collect and store milk for determining concentrations of these important milk constituents and considers how to conduct milk composition analysis in research, clinical and resource-poor settings. Written by a group of international experts who are actively conducting research related to human milk macronutrients, each chapter also provides cutting-edge rationale for what research is still needed in this evolving field. In addition, the book also outlines challenges and opportunities faced by clinicians, industry leaders and regulators interested in adding these components to infant foods, human milk nutrient fortifier and formula.

Crystal Clear Science + Compelling Applications = A Balanced Program for Teaching and Learning Now updated with the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES: FROM FUNDAMENTALS TO FOOD, 3rd Enhanced Edition clearly explains the scientific principles underlying nutrition while incorporating applications to promote a complete understanding of core concepts. This integrated approach provides a strong science foundation in a context relevant to your daily life and career. Supported by an impressive visual design, engaging case studies and interactive digital resources, NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES offers a unique, balanced program for learning.

Crystal Clear Science + Compelling Applications = A Balanced Program for Teaching and Learning Now updated with the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES: FROM FUNDAMENTALS TO FOOD, 3rd Enhanced Edition clearly explains the scientific principles underlying nutrition while incorporating applications to promote a complete understanding of core concepts. This integrated approach provides a strong science foundation in a context relevant to students' daily lives and their careers. Supported by an impressive visual design, engaging case studies and interactive digital resources, NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES offers a unique, balanced program for teaching and learning. A Table of Food Composition booklet is included.