Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) have recently gained importance for delivering a variety of therapeutic agents for both local and systemic administration. Delivery of drugs directly to targeted sites of action provides several advantages over non-specific delivery of drugs. Oral colon targeted drug delivery system is one of that NDDS which directly deliver a drug in to the colon for local treatment of a variety of colonic diseases as well as systemic absorption of proteins and peptides. The Metronidazole is the drug of choice in the treatment of the diseases like Amoebiasis, Giardiasis, Trichomonosis and Bacterial Vaginosis. The aim of the present research was to design, development and optimization of swellable rupturable system taking account of local action of the Metronidazole drug in the lower gastrointestinal tract to kill the bacteria in the disease conditions like Amoebiasis, Giardiasis and Trichomonosis.

Transdermal drug delivery systems are adhesive, dug containing devices of defined surface area that deliver a pre-determined amount of drug to the surface of intact skin at a pre-programmed rate. These systems provide drug systemically at a predictable rate and maintain the rate for extended periods of time. In this work an attempt was made to formulate and evaluate TDDS for sustained release Atorvastatin calcium by solvent casting method. Low molecular weight, good permeability of Atorvastatin calcium made it a suitable drug candidate for the development of transdermal patches. The main objective of formulating the transdermal system was to prolong the drug release time, reduce the frequency of administration and to improve patient compliance. We sincerely hope that this book will helpful to student as well as industry and academic professionals involved in pharmaceutical and other related science.

Sustained release drug system is any drug or dosage form modification that prolongs the therapeutic activity of the drug. Ideally a sustained release oral dosage form is designed to release rapidly some predetermined fraction of the total dose in to GI tract. This fraction (loading dose) is an amount of drug, which will produce the desired pharmacological response as promptly as possible and the remaining fraction of the total dose (maintenance dose) is then release at a constant rate. The rate of the drug absorption from the entire maintenance dose into the body should equal to the rate of the drug removal from the body by all the processes over the time for which the desired intensity of pharmacological response is required. We sincerely hope that this book will helpful to student as well as industry and academic professionals involved in pharmaceutical and other related science.

The liquisolid systems are generally considered as acceptably flowing and compressible powdered forms of liquid medications (that implies liquid lipophilic (oily) drugs, or water-insoluble solid drugs dissolved in suitable water-miscible nonvolatile solvent systems). Such liquid medication may be converted into a dry looking, non-adherent, free flowing, and readily compressible powders by a simple admixture with selected powder excipients referred to as the carrier and coating materials. We sincerely hope that this book will helpful to student as well as industry and academic professionals involved in pharmaceutical and other related science.

Melt-In-mouth (MIM) technology is an innovative technology, which allows tablet to disintegrate rapidly, usually in a matter of seconds, without the need for water, providing optimal convenience to the patient. Topiramate is antiepileptic drug prescribed extensively for the patient of partial onset seizures, or primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in both children and adults, is extremely bitter resulting in poor patient compliance. Recently, a number of novel techniques for bitterness inhibition in formulations intended for pediatric and geriatric patients need acceptable taste. In the present study, an attempt was given to mask bitter taste of topiramate by kyron T-114 (Cation exchange resin). We sincerely hope that this book will helpful to student as well as industry and academic professionals involved in pharmaceutical and other related science.

The present study has been a satisfactory attempt to formulate microparticulate system for colon targeted delivery of albendazole using natural polysaccharides sodium alginate and chitosan. Targeted drug delivery to the colon, by means of combination of one or more controlled release mechanisms, hardly releases drug in the upper part of the GIT but releases in the colon following oral administration. Specifically delivering drug to the colon, a lot of benefits would be acquired in terms of improving safety and reducing toxicity when treating local or systemic chronic diseases. We sincerely hope that this book will helpful to student as well as industry and academic professionals involved in pharmaceutical and other related science.

The present investigation is concerned with synthesis of new 2 and 6 - substituted 4H-chromen-4-One derivatives with the objectives of discovering novel and potent anti-inflammatory agents and anti-oxidants. The results of anti-inflammatory activity were revealed that the compound has indole 2 substitution with 4-nitrophenyl amino methyl (at 6th position) on 4H- chromen-4-one having more anti-inflammatory activity as compared to other substituent's. While, indole 2 substituted 4-methoxy phenyl amino methyl (at 6th position) 4H-chromen-4-one showed outperformed anti-oxidant activity in different anti-oxidant model as compared to other substituent's. The all newly synthesized compounds displayed moderate to potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity and has therapeutic potential in combating this devastating inflammatory and oxidative condition of the body, might be deserve promising substances for further in vivo evaluation as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. However the anti-inflammatory activity is not related to antioxidant potential.

Heterocycles bearing a triazole ring residue are reported to show anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antifungal, antitubercular, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, CNS depressant, and plant growth regulatory activity etc. Keeping in view the importance of Triazole from the literature survey I found various triazole derivatives & from that I planned to work the substituted triazole derivatives from m-nitro benzoic acid, which gives various anticipated biological activities. Among the all synthesized compound, compound 6-(2-chloro-phenyl)-3-(4-nitro-phenyl)- 1,2,4]triazolo 3,4-b] 1,3,4]thiadiazole (PLP 105b) with MIC value of (16ug/ml) against gram-positive (B.subtilis) and (16ug/ml) against gram-negative (E.coli, p.aeroginosa)and the compound3,6-bis-(4-nitro-phenyl)- 1,2,4]triazolo 3,4-b] 1,3,4]thiadiazole (PLP 105d) with MIC value of (16ug/ml) against gram-negative (p.aeroginosa) give better antimicrobial activity than other synthesized compound."

The NSAIDs have known to cause serious problems such as gastric ulceration, bleeding and renal disorders on long term medication. These severe side effects are partially due to their nonselectivity towards to COX-2 enzyme. Hence, newer, selective COX-2 enzyme inhibitors have been developed to overcome the toxicity problems. Recently, Rofecoxib and Celecoxib were withdrawn due to cardiac toxicity.1,2-disubstituted five-membered heterocyclic compounds have shown selectivity towards COX-2 inhibition. But, the toxicity reports of drugs like Rofecoxib and Celecoxib in this category prompted us to synthesize 1,2-diaryl diazepines (E) and their derivatives as, survey of literature indicated the diazepine heterocyclic system to have anti-inflammatory activity.