This book seeks to illustrate the research on mathematics competencies and disposition in China according to the conceptual development and empirical investigation perspective. Mathematics education in China has a distinguishing feature a focus of attention to mathematical competency. Paradoxically, there has not been an explicit, refined, and measurable evaluation system in place to assess mathematical competency in China. While academic achievement surveys or evaluations are common, these can only give an overall conclusion about mathematical thinking skills or problem solving abilities. In response to this deficiency, China is beginning to carry out national projects that emphasize defining both a conceptual framework on core competencies in school mathematics and developing a corresponding assessment framework. Thus, the main focus of this volume is the current investigations of different mathematics competencies and mathematical disposition of Chinese students, with the aim of promoting interaction between domestic and international student performance assessment, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of mathematics competencies and disposition in mainland China, and to stimulate innovative new directions in research. The primary audience of this volume is the large group of researchers interested in mathematics competencies, mathematics teaching and learning in China, or comparative studies, or the relation of the three. The book will also appeal to teaching trainers or instructors, as well as be an appropriate resource for graduate courses or seminars at either the master's or doctoral level.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the changes in foreign language teachers' cognition and practices during a four-year innovation project at a Chinese secondary school, and explores the factors that influenced the trajectory of those changes. It makes a substantial contribution to research on educational change by offering a longitudinal observation of the facts and voices in EFL settings in China; as such, the book offers a valuable resource for scholars, teacher educators, teachers, and others interested in initiating, managing and evaluating innovations in EFL classrooms.

This book covers a broader scope of Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE), from the background knowledge, to specific constructions, theoretic proofs, and applications. The goal is to provide in-depth knowledge usable for college students and researchers who want to have a comprehensive understanding of ABE schemes and novel ABE-enabled research and applications. The specific focus is to present the development of using new ABE features such as group-based access, ID-based revocation, and attributes management functions such as delegation, federation, and interoperability. These new capabilities can build a new ABE-based Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) solution that can incorporate data access policies and control into ciphertext. This book is also ideal for IT companies to provide them with the most recent technologies and research on how to implement data access control models for mobile and data-centric applications, where data access control does not need to rely on a fixed access control infrastructure. It's also of interested to those working in security, to enable them to have the most recent developments in data access control such as ICN and Blockchain technologies. Features Covers cryptographic background knowledge for ABE and ABAC Features various ABE constructions to achieve integrated access control capabilities Offers a comprehensive coverage of ABE-based ABAC Provides ABE applications with real-world examples Advances the ABE research to support new mobile and data-centric applications

The primary goal of nanotechnology is to achieve nanoscale materials and devices with atomic precision. Toward this goal, breakthroughs have recently been made in the solution-phase synthesis and applications of atomically precise nanoclusters. This book presents the exciting progress in this new research field. The chapters are contributed by leading experts of the field and cover the synthetic methods, atomic structures, electronic and optical properties, and catalytic applications of noble metal nanoclusters. Such new nanocluster materials offer exciting opportunities for chemists and physicists to understand the fundamental science of nanoclusters, especially the atomic-level structure-property correlation and design of new materials, as well as for developing a range of applications including catalysis, biomedicine, sensing, imaging, optics, and energy conversion. The book will be of interest to readers and researchers in nanotechnology, nanochemistry, catalysis, and computational chemistry, as well as practitioners in industry R&D for new materials. It is written to be accessible to undergraduate and graduate students and, therefore, is an excellent teaching material.

'Although the editors admit that they cannot present an unequivocal explanation for the strange resilience of KirchhoffaEURO (TM)s flawed theory, their book is an admirable effort to meet this challenge ... It is a concerted effort to resolve a persistent riddle in the history of physics - and an example of how expert knowledge from different specialties may be focused on a target of common interest.'ISIS JournalThe 1882 paper by the mathematical physicist Gustav Robert Kirchhoff on diffraction theory is still being discussed to this day, but has never been translated into English. This volume contains the first English translation of the Kirchhoff treatise, as well as background and commentary on it. Included are a biographical introduction to Kirchhoff's life, an analysis of the reception to Kirchhoff's paper through the ages, a discussion on why Kirchhoff's theory manages to produce accurate predictions in spite of being 'wrong', and views on the theory as well as its predecessor and subsequent developments. This anthology will make all English-speaking scientists, engineers, historians, and interested laymen aware of the great fecundity of Kirchhoff's thought and historical context.

This book seeks to illustrate the research on mathematics competencies and disposition in China according to the conceptual development and empirical investigation perspective. Mathematics education in China has a distinguishing feature a focus of attention to mathematical competency. Paradoxically, there has not been an explicit, refined, and measurable evaluation system in place to assess mathematical competency in China. While academic achievement surveys or evaluations are common, these can only give an overall conclusion about mathematical thinking skills or problem solving abilities. In response to this deficiency, China is beginning to carry out national projects that emphasize defining both a conceptual framework on core competencies in school mathematics and developing a corresponding assessment framework. Thus, the main focus of this volume is the current investigations of different mathematics competencies and mathematical disposition of Chinese students, with the aim of promoting interaction between domestic and international student performance assessment, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of mathematics competencies and disposition in mainland China, and to stimulate innovative new directions in research. The primary audience of this volume is the large group of researchers interested in mathematics competencies, mathematics teaching and learning in China, or comparative studies, or the relation of the three. The book will also appeal to teaching trainers or instructors, as well as be an appropriate resource for graduate courses or seminars at either the master's or doctoral level.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the changes in foreign language teachers' cognition and practices during a four-year innovation project at a Chinese secondary school, and explores the factors that influenced the trajectory of those changes. It makes a substantial contribution to research on educational change by offering a longitudinal observation of the facts and voices in EFL settings in China; as such, the book offers a valuable resource for scholars, teacher educators, teachers, and others interested in initiating, managing and evaluating innovations in EFL classrooms.

This book covers a broader scope of Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE), from the background knowledge, to specific constructions, theoretic proofs, and applications. The goal is to provide in-depth knowledge usable for college students and researchers who want to have a comprehensive understanding of ABE schemes and novel ABE-enabled research and applications. The specific focus is to present the development of using new ABE features such as group-based access, ID-based revocation, and attributes management functions such as delegation, federation, and interoperability. These new capabilities can build a new ABE-based Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) solution that can incorporate data access policies and control into ciphertext. This book is also ideal for IT companies to provide them with the most recent technologies and research on how to implement data access control models for mobile and data-centric applications, where data access control does not need to rely on a fixed access control infrastructure. It's also of interested to those working in security, to enable them to have the most recent developments in data access control such as ICN and Blockchain technologies. Features Covers cryptographic background knowledge for ABE and ABAC Features various ABE constructions to achieve integrated access control capabilities Offers a comprehensive coverage of ABE-based ABAC Provides ABE applications with real-world examples Advances the ABE research to support new mobile and data-centric applications

Technology-assisted People-to-People (P2P) interactions, embedded in a global environment, will be at the core of 21st century communications and will command the technological development of the forthcoming future. The intelligent interactivity of people, process (delivering the right information to the right person/machine at the right time), data and things, incorporates the Internet-of-Everything (IoE) that expands itself beyond the Internet-of-Things (IoT). In general, IoT comprises all physical or cyber objects (things) with an address that can transmit data (without human-to-machine interactions), while the IoE also involves communications among the users and the whole universe of electronic gadgets. Further, they both operate with data acquired from analog sources, thus connecting two different realities, the analog (physical/real) and the digital (cyber/virtual) worlds. Since the interface between the two realms deals with analog signals, its mandatory functions integrate several analog and mixed-signal sub-systems that include signal sensing, transmission and reception, frequency generation, energy harvesting, in-memory processing, data and power conversion. This publication presents state-of-the-art designs of the most critical building blocks of the analog/digital interface highlighting new and innovative circuit architectures and techniques. It addresses capacitive sensor interfaces, ultra-low-power wireless transceivers, key technologies for wireline transceivers, oscillators and frequency generators, integrated energy harvesting interfaces, in-memory processing, as well as, data and power converters, all exhibiting high quality performance with low power consumption, high energy-efficiency and high speed, thus enabling a reliable and consistent development of the IoE while enlarging its frontiers. In the coming decades, with the continuous evolution of electronics downscaling, the challenges that the above-mentioned sub-systems face will be tremendous in terms of the requirements for ultra-low power and ultra-high speed, obtained with the maximum energy-efficiency. Thus, the analog and mixed-signal very large scale integration area of work will continue to be an attractive field for research for design engineers both in the academia and in the industry, as it has been always the case since the emergence of silicon planar electronics 6 decades ago.

This book is a systematic and detailed exposition of different analytical techniques used in studying two of the canonical problems, the wave scattering by wedges or cones with impedance boundary conditions. It is the first reference on novel, highly efficient analytical-numerical approaches for wave diffraction by impedance wedges or cones. This text includes calculations of the diffraction or excitation coefficients, including their uniform versions, for the diffracted waves from the edge of the wedge or from the vertex of the cone; study of the far-field behavior in diffraction by impedance wedges or cones, reflected waves, space waves from the singular points of the boundary (from edges or tips), and surface waves; and the applicability of the reported solution procedures and formulae to existing software packages designed for solving real-world high-frequency problems encountered in antenna, wave propagation, and radar cross section. This book is for researchers in wave phenomena physics, radio, optics and acoustics engineers, applied mathematicians and specialists in mathematical physics and specialists in quantum scattering of many particles.