This issue of Nursing Clinics includes the following topics: Nursing interventions for smoking cessation; tobacco cessation clinics; Cessation strategies for pregnant and postpartum mothers; Evidence-based cessation strategies and policies for college-age smokers; Evidence-based cessation strategies for rural communities; Gender differences and tobacco cessation; Optimizing tobacco cessation outcomes; Community based participatory research and cessation interventions; Use of quit-lines for cessation; Advocacy and smoke-free laws; Hookah use in adolescents and adults; Chewing tobacco; and E-cigarettes.

This completely new and updated issue takes a focused look at addiction psychiatry in three sections: Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and New Directions. Dr. Danovitch, from Cedars-Sinai and Dr. Mariani from Columbia hone in on the most rapidly advancing and relevant areas of addiction for practitioners today, from defining addiction (implications of DSM-V), to genetics and neurobiology, to specific treatment options for a variety of patient populations: for pregnant women, adolescents, and patients suffering from chronic pain, for example.? A variety of addiction types are discussed (ie, opioid, stimulant, and cannabis).? The issue closes with discussions of emerging trends, systems of care, investigational therapeutics and the role of the criminal justice system.

Substance use disorders occur in 10% to 20% of patients presenting to the primary care physician, and rates are increasing. Primary care physicians are therefore in an excellent position to screen, provide early intervention, or refer patients to specialty care. This issue covers several types of substance abuse-including alcohol, prescription drugs, and recreational drugs-and gives detailed information on screening for and treating these problems.

With recent advances of modern medicine more people reach the "elderly age" around the globe and the number of dementia cases are ever increasing. This book is about various aspects of dementia and provides its readers with a wide range of thought-provoking sub-topics in the field of dementia. The ultimate goal of this monograph is to stimulate other physicians' and neuroscientists' interest to carry out more research projects into pathogenesis of this devastating group of diseases.

This comprehensive issue on Substance Abuse in youth begins with articles on epidemiological trends, genetic risk factors, neurobiology of substance use disorders, and race and gender associations, and then provides detailed reviews on prevention and various treatment methodologies.? Treatments discussed include individual and group interventions (motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral therapy), contingency reinforcement, multidimentional family therapy, pharmacotherapy, and post-treatment aftercare.? Also reviewed in detail are substance use disorders and psychiatric comorbidity.? The issue then takes a close look at two emerging areas of concern in youth: gambling and internet occupation, and energy drink use. By all accounts, a must-read issue for psychiatrists everywhere.

Using an innovative translational approach between the work of experimental scientists and clinical practitioners this book addresses the current, modest, understanding of how and why addiction treatment works. Through bridging this gap it provides a critical insight into why people react as they do in the context of addiction treatment.

It describes the process of solution-focused intervention in a step-by-step fashion and includes case examples, sample assessment forms, and advice for how this approach can be adapted to a variety of service programs.

Drug abuse and addiction are common in clinical practice. Often they interfere with patient treatment or require an alternative approach. Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment is a major contribution to the literature, a gold standard title offering a comprehensive range of topics for those who care for patients with addiction, conduct research in this area, or simply have an interest in the field. Offering state-of-the-art information for all those working with drug abusing or addicted patients, or for those interested in this topic from other research perspectives, the volume is a first of its kind book -- rich, comprehensive, yet focused, addressing the needs of the very active theoretical, basic, and clinical research in the field. Comprised of 46 chapters organized in four sections and developed by the leading international experts, Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment covers virtually every core, as well as contemporary, topic on addiction, from the established theories to the most modern research and development in the field. Enhancing the educational value of the volume, every chapter includes an abstract and two boxes summarizing learning objectives and directions for future research. Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment discusses the topic in a authoritative, systematic manner and is an indispensable reference for all clinicians and researchers interested in this rapidly changing field.

This book presents 13 reviews collected to present the new advances in all areas of addiction research, including knowledge gained from mapping the human genome, the improved understanding of brain pathways and functions that are stimulated by addictive drugs, experimental and clinical psychology approaches to addiction and treatment, as well as both ethical considerations and social policy. The book also includes chapters on the history of addictive substances and some personal narratives of addiction. Introduced by Sir David King, Science Advisory to the UK Government and head of the Office of Science and Technology, and Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse in the USA, the book uniquely covers the full range of disciplines which can provide insight into the future of addiction, from genetics to the humanities. Written for a scientific audience, it is also applicable to non-specialists as well.
* Provides an unique overview of what we know about addiction, and how scientific knowledge can and should be applied in the societal, ethical, and political context
* Applies the state-of-the-art research in fields such as Genomics, Neuroscience, Pharmacology, Social Policy and Ethics to addiction research
* Includes a preface by Sir David King, Science Advisory to the UK Government and head of the Office of Science and Technology, and in introduction by Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse in the USA

"Perioperative Addiction" addresses an issue that every anesthesiologist will encounter many times during the course of his or her career: the patient who arrives for operative care under the influence of legal or illegal drugs. The editors and contributors provide expert guidance on how to identify and manage the addicted patient, approaching the subject from the vantage points of the specific drug and of special patient populations.

Features:

Guidance for spotting and managing addicted patients

All common and important drugs of addiction, from opioids, cocaine, club drugs, and alcohol, to tobacco, marijuana, nitrous oxide, inhalants, and propofol

Special populations, including pregnant women, pain patients, adolescents, older patients, and healthcare professionals

Fascinating overview of the long history of addiction

Genetic basis of addiction, and the range of pharmacological treatments for addiction

RESEARCH FINDINGS: Drugs in the Workplace: Extent and Impact of Alcohol and Drug Usage/Problems in the Workplace/Workforce (J. Martin). Predictors of Drug Use and Implications for the Workplace (M. Newcomb). Drug Testing Programs: Drug Testing Methods and Interpretation of Results (B. Kapur). The Impact and Effectiveness of Drug Testing Programs in the Workplace (S. Macdonald). Legal Issues: Some Legal Aspects of Drug Testing in the Canadian Workplace (M. Pinsonneault). Constitutional and Statuatory Treatment of Drug Testing in the United States (R.L. Lieberwitz). Other Workplace Programs: Behavioral Tests to Assess Performance (B. Butler). Alternatives to Drug Testing (M. Shain). PERSPECTIVES ON DRUG TESTING: Unions' Perspective on Workplace Drug Testing (S. Alvi). Drug Testing, the War on Drugs, Workers, and the Workplace (J. Blackwell). 5 additional articles. Index.

One of the few books on the topic, this updated edition offers alternatives to disease models of addiction by exploring personal pathways to recovery. Focusing on alcohol and drug problems, it provides a literature review of 40 years of studies on self-change with particular emphasis on the current decade and methodological issues (starting with how much or how little treatment constitutes "treatment"). The 24 experts keep the coverage consistently readable, and dozens of brief narratives from individuals who have successfully recovered from an addictive behavior without formal help lend valuable personal perspectives.

When Downeast "local" Annette Fiorno is found at the bottom of a ravine, "outsider" and relapsed drug addict Jimmy Sedgwick is accused of murder. Unassuming Maine lawyer Rob Hanston and big shot attorney Shawn Marks form an unlikely legal team as they attempt to discredit the overwhelming evidence. Addiction on Trial, the first in a series of Shawn Marks Thrillers, revolves around the murder cases of Attorney Marks, an egotistical yet likable high-powered Boston attorney who can juggle an array of female companions without taking his eye off the legal challenges of his work. Addiction on Trial sends a powerful message of societal discrimination toward drug addicts and explores common misperceptions about what drug addiction really is - a chronic illness requiring a similar treatment approach as other chronic diseases. Medical and behavioral aspects of addiction are woven into the intrigue of this thriller, which culminates in a riveting murder trial.

The use of recreational drugs of abuse by large numbers of individuals in this country and abroad has aroused serious concerns about the consequences of this activity. For example, it is recognized that marijuana is currently widely used as a recreational drug in the United States as well as other countries. Similarly, abuse of cocaine, especially crack cocaine, is considered to be an epidemic. "The war on drugs" by the US Government was directly aimed at the illicit use of cocaine, marijuana, and opiates as well as other drugs of abuse. Furthermore, alcohol is also considered a major problem of abuse in this country as well as in many other countries. It is estimated there are at least 10 million alcoholics in the United States alone. A signi?cant portion of those hospitalized with infectious diseases are alcoholics. Similarly, there have been many reports of association between marijuana use and increased susceptibility to infection as well as a re- tion between use of opiates and infections. The relationship between drug abuse and increased incidence of various infections has stimulated increased investi- tion of whether and how such drugs affect immune function, especially imp- tant for resistance against infectious agents. During the last decades, a wide variety of studies have shown that drugs of abuse, including marijuana, cocaine, or opiates, as well as alcohol, alter both neurophysiological as well as pathological responses of individuals.

A psychiatrist examines how the world's four most important mind-altering substances- alcohol, cocaine, nicotine, and opiates-have played a significant role throughout human history, and explains how these powerful drugs affect the brain and cause addiction. Alcohol, cocaine, nicotine, and opiates have spurred some of the greatest human pleasure and pain across time. Providing information that ranges as widely as from ancient Egypt to modern times, this book comprehensively addresses the good, the bad, and the very ugliest aspects of these substances, examining their history, their effects on the brain and body, and on civilization itself. Frances R. Frankenburg, MD, employs accessible, everyday language to explain the neurology of addiction and describe how these "brain-robbing" substances work to hijack the brain's pleasure systems to create powerful addictions. The author also provides perspective into the intertwined, inescapable, and often uneasy relationship between these substances and human culture, economics, and politics-for example, how individuals become physically or psychologically addicted to alcohol, cocaine, nicotine, and opiates, while governments become financially "addicted" to the revenue, such as taxes, that can be collected from the sale and use of these substances. Presents a historical review of four plant-derived drugs-alcohol, cocaine, nicotine, and opiates-and their effects throughout human civilization, as well as a fascinating exploration of the mystery and misery of addiction Provides comprehensive explanations of medical and psychiatric effects of these drugs Supplies stories of people who made discoveries about these drugs or who had their lives altered by them Describes the discovery of the way in which the brain works Includes illustrations of brain pathways and of the four plants of origin for these drugs, and maps showing drug trade triangles