Equivariant homotopy theory started from geometrically motivated questions about symmetries of manifolds. Several important equivariant phenomena occur not just for a particular group, but in a uniform way for all groups. Prominent examples include stable homotopy, K-theory or bordism. Global equivariant homotopy theory studies such uniform phenomena, i.e. universal symmetries encoded by simultaneous and compatible actions of all compact Lie groups. This book introduces graduate students and researchers to global equivariant homotopy theory. The framework is based on the new notion of global equivalences for orthogonal spectra, a much finer notion of equivalence than is traditionally considered. The treatment is largely self-contained and contains many examples, making it suitable as a textbook for an advanced graduate class. At the same time, the book is a comprehensive research monograph with detailed calculations that reveal the intrinsic beauty of global equivariant phenomena.

This lecture notes volume presents significant contributions from the "Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory" Summer School, held at Galatasaray University, Istanbul, June 2-13, 2014. It addresses subjects ranging from Arakelov geometry and Iwasawa theory to classical projective geometry, birational geometry and equivariant cohomology. Its main aim is to introduce these contemporary research topics to graduate students who plan to specialize in the area of algebraic geometry and/or number theory. All contributions combine main concepts and techniques with motivating examples and illustrative problems for the covered subjects. Naturally, the book will also be of interest to researchers working in algebraic geometry, number theory and related fields.

This is a comprehensive introduction to the modular representation theory of finite groups, with an emphasis on block theory. The two volumes take into account classical results and concepts as well as some of the modern developments in the area. Volume 1 introduces the broader context, starting with general properties of finite group algebras over commutative rings, moving on to some basics in character theory and the structure theory of algebras over complete discrete valuation rings. In Volume 2, blocks of finite group algebras over complete p-local rings take centre stage, and many key results which have not appeared in a book before are treated in detail. In order to illustrate the wide range of techniques in block theory, the book concludes with chapters classifying the source algebras of blocks with cyclic and Klein four defect groups, and relating these classifications to the open conjectures that drive block theory.

This is a comprehensive introduction to the modular representation theory of finite groups, with an emphasis on block theory. The two volumes take into account classical results and concepts as well as some of the modern developments in the area. Volume 1 introduces the broader context, starting with general properties of finite group algebras over commutative rings, moving on to some basics in character theory and the structure theory of algebras over complete discrete valuation rings. In Volume 2, blocks of finite group algebras over complete p-local rings take centre stage, and many key results which have not appeared in a book before are treated in detail. In order to illustrate the wide range of techniques in block theory, the book concludes with chapters classifying the source algebras of blocks with cyclic and Klein four defect groups, and relating these classifications to the open conjectures that drive block theory.

This first systematic account of the basic theory of normed algebras, without assuming associativity, includes many new and unpublished results and is sure to become a central resource for researchers and graduate students in the field. This second volume revisits JB*-triples, covers Zel'manov's celebrated work in Jordan theory, proves the unit-free variant of the Vidav-Palmer theorem, and develops the representation theory of alternative C*-algebras and non-commutative JB*-algebras. This completes the work begun in the first volume, which introduced these algebras and discussed the so-called non-associative Gelfand-Naimark and Vidav-Palmer theorems. This book interweaves pure algebra, geometry of normed spaces, and infinite-dimensional complex analysis. Novel proofs are presented in complete detail at a level accessible to graduate students. The book contains a wealth of historical comments, background material, examples, and an extensive bibliography.

The notion of an ( ,1)-category has become widely used in homotopy theory, category theory, and in a number of applications. There are many different approaches to this structure, all of them equivalent, and each with its corresponding homotopy theory. This book provides a relatively self-contained source of the definitions of the different models, the model structure (homotopy theory) of each, and the equivalences between the models. While most of the current literature focusses on how to extend category theory in this context, and centers in particular on the quasi-category model, this book offers a balanced treatment of the appropriate model structures for simplicial categories, Segal categories, complete Segal spaces, quasi-categories, and relative categories, all from a homotopy-theoretic perspective. Introductory chapters provide background in both homotopy and category theory and contain many references to the literature, thus making the book accessible to graduates and to researchers in related areas.

From the preface: "Hopf algebras, Hopf fibration of spheres, Hopf-Rinow complete Riemannian manifolds, Hopf theorem on the ends of groups - can one imagine modern mathematics without all this? Many other concepts and methods, fundamental in various mathematical disciplines, also go back directly or indirectly to the work of Heinz Hopf: homological algebra, singularities of vector fields and characteristic classes, group-like spaces, global differential geometry, and the whole algebraisation of topology with its influence on group theory, analysis and algebraic geometry. It is astonishing to realize that this oeuvre of a whole scientific life consists of only about 70 writings. Astonishing also the transparent and clear style, the concreteness of the problems, and how abstract and far-reaching the methods Hopf invented."

This book includes 33 expanded abstracts of selected talks given at the two workshops "Homological Bonds Between Commutative Algebra and Representation Theory" and "Brave New Algebra: Opening Perspectives," and the conference "Opening Perspectives in Algebra, Representations, and Topology," held at the Centre de Recerca Matematica (CRM) in Barcelona between January and June 2015. These activities were part of the one-semester intensive research program "Interactions Between Representation Theory, Algebraic Topology and Commutative Algebra (IRTATCA)." Most of the abstracts present preliminary versions of not-yet published results and cover a large number of topics (including commutative and non commutative algebra, algebraic topology, singularity theory, triangulated categories, representation theory) overlapping with homological methods. This comprehensive book is a valuable resource for the community of researchers interested in homological algebra in a broad sense, and those curious to learn the latest developments in the area. It appeals to established researchers as well as PhD and postdoctoral students who want to learn more about the latest advances in these highly active fields of research.

Questions about modular representation theory of finite groups can often be reduced to elementary abelian subgroups. This is the first book to offer a detailed study of the representation theory of elementary abelian groups, bringing together information from many papers and journals, as well as unpublished research. Special attention is given to recent work on modules of constant Jordan type, and the methods involve producing and examining vector bundles on projective space and their Chern classes. Extensive background material is provided, which will help the reader to understand vector bundles and their Chern classes from an algebraic point of view, and to apply this to modular representation theory of elementary abelian groups. The final section, addressing problems and directions for future research, will also help to stimulate further developments in the subject. With no similar books on the market, this will be an invaluable resource for graduate students and researchers working in representation theory.

Elements of Algebraic Topology provides the most concrete approach to the subject. With coverage of homology and cohomology theory, universal coefficient theorems, Kunneth theorem, duality in manifolds, and applications to classical theorems of point-set topology, this book is perfect for comunicating complex topics and the fun nature of algebraic topology for beginners.

In its simplest form, Hodge theory is the study of periods - integrals of algebraic differential forms which arise in the study of complex geometry and moduli, number theory and physics. Organized around the basic concepts of variations of Hodge structure and period maps, this volume draws together new developments in deformation theory, mirror symmetry, Galois representations, iterated integrals, algebraic cycles and the Hodge conjecture. Its mixture of high-quality expository and research articles make it a useful resource for graduate students and seasoned researchers alike.

The two parts of the present volume contain extended conference abstracts corresponding to selected talks given by participants at the "Conference on Geometric Analysis" (thirteen abstracts) and at the "Conference on Type Theory, Homotopy Theory and Univalent Foundations" (seven abstracts), both held at the Centre de Recerca Matematica (CRM) in Barcelona from July 1st to 5th, 2013, and from September 23th to 27th, 2013, respectively. Most of them are brief articles, containing preliminary presentations of new results not yet published in regular research journals. The articles are the result of a direct collaboration between active researchers in the area after working in a dynamic and productive atmosphere. The first part is about Geometric Analysis and Conformal Geometry; this modern field lies at the intersection of many branches of mathematics (Riemannian, Conformal, Complex or Algebraic Geometry, Calculus of Variations, PDE's, etc) and relates directly to the physical world, since many natural phenomena posses an intrinsic geometric content. The second part is about Type Theory, Homotopy Theory and Univalent Foundations. The book is intended for established researchers, as well as for PhD and postdoctoral students who want to learn more about the latest advances in these highly active areas of research.

This Volume presents a unified approach to calculate the plane stress distribution of stress and strain in thin elastic/plastic discs subject to various loading conditions. There is a vast amount of literature on analytical and semi-analytical solutions for such discs obeying Tresca's yield criterion and its associated flow rule. On the other hand, most of analytical and semi-analytical solutions for Mises yield criterion are based on the deformation theory of plasticity. A distinguished feature of the solutions given in the present volume is that the flow theory of plasticity and Mises yield criterion are adopted. The solutions are semi-analytical in the sense that numerical methods are only necessary to evaluate ordinary integrals and solve transcendental equations. The book shows that under certain conditions solutions based on the deformation and flow theories of plasticity coincide. All the solutions are illustrated with numerical examples. The goal of the book is to provide the reader with a vision and an insight into the problems of analysis and design of elastic/plastic discs. The limitations and the applicability of solutions are emphasized. The book is written for engineers, graduate students and researchers interested in the development of techniques for analysis and design of thin elastic/plastic discs.

Graduate students and researchers alike will benefit from this treatment of classical and modern topics in homotopy theory of topological spaces with an emphasis on cubical diagrams. The book contains 300 examples and provides detailed explanations of many fundamental results. Part I focuses on foundational material on homotopy theory, viewed through the lens of cubical diagrams: fibrations and cofibrations, homotopy pullbacks and pushouts, and the Blakers-Massey Theorem. Part II includes a brief example-driven introduction to categories, limits and colimits, an accessible account of homotopy limits and colimits of diagrams of spaces, and a treatment of cosimplicial spaces. The book finishes with applications to some exciting new topics that use cubical diagrams: an overview of two versions of calculus of functors and an account of recent developments in the study of the topology of spaces of knots.

An advanced treatment of surgery theory for graduate students and researchers Surgery theory, a subfield of geometric topology, is the study of the classifications of manifolds. A Course on Surgery Theory offers a modern look at this important mathematical discipline and some of its applications. In this book, Stanley Chang and Shmuel Weinberger explain some of the triumphs of surgery theory during the past three decades, from both an algebraic and geometric point of view. They also provide an extensive treatment of basic ideas, main theorems, active applications, and recent literature. The authors methodically cover all aspects of surgery theory, connecting it to other relevant areas of mathematics, including geometry, homotopy theory, analysis, and algebra. Later chapters are self-contained, so readers can study them directly based on topic interest. Of significant use to high-dimensional topologists and researchers in noncommutative geometry and algebraic K-theory, A Course on Surgery Theory serves as an important resource for the mathematics community.

Algebraic Topology and basic homotopy theory form a fundamental building block for much of modern mathematics. These lecture notes represent a culmination of many years of leading a two-semester course in this subject at MIT. The style is engaging and student-friendly, but precise. Every lecture is accompanied by exercises. It begins slowly in order to gather up students with a variety of backgrounds, but gains pace as the course progresses, and by the end the student has a command of all the basic techniques of classical homotopy theory.

Wholeheartedly recommended to every student and user of mathematics, this is an extremely original and highly informative essay on algebra and its place in modern mathematics and science. From the fields studied in every university maths course, through Lie groups to cohomology and category theory, the author shows how the origins of each concept can be related to attempts to model phenomena in physics or in other branches of mathematics. Required reading for mathematicians, from beginners to experts.

In the spring of 1985, A. Casson announced an interesting invariant of homology 3-spheres via constructions on representation spaces. This invariant generalizes the Rohlin invariant and gives surprising corollaries in low-dimensional topology. In the fall of that same year, Selman Akbulut and John McCarthy held a seminar on this invariant. These notes grew out of that seminar. The authors have tried to remain close to Casson's original outline and proceed by giving needed details, including an exposition of Newstead's results. They have often chosen classical concrete approaches over general methods. For example, they did not attempt to give gauge theory explanations for the results of Newstead; instead they followed his original techniques.

Originally published in 1990.

The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

This book develops abstract homotopy theory from the categorical perspective with a particular focus on examples. Part I discusses two competing perspectives by which one typically first encounters homotopy (co)limits: either as derived functors definable when the appropriate diagram categories admit a compatible model structure, or through particular formulae that give the right notion in certain examples. Emily Riehl unifies these seemingly rival perspectives and demonstrates that model structures on diagram categories are irrelevant. Homotopy (co)limits are explained to be a special case of weighted (co)limits, a foundational topic in enriched category theory. In Part II, Riehl further examines this topic, separating categorical arguments from homotopical ones. Part III treats the most ubiquitous axiomatic framework for homotopy theory - Quillen's model categories. Here, Riehl simplifies familiar model categorical lemmas and definitions by focusing on weak factorization systems. Part IV introduces quasi-categories and homotopy coherence.

"These volumes collect almost all of the research and expository papers of J.-P. Serre published in mathematical journals through 1984, as well as some of his seminar reports, and a few items not previously published. .... Throughout his writings, Serre has liberally sprinkled open questions and conjectures. Most endnotes list subsequent progress made on these questions or improvements to the main results of the papers. Some make additional comments, and a few are corrections. These endnotes alone justify the publication of the collected works. Serre is one of the masters of mathematical exposition...." --James Milne, University of Michigan, in Math Reviews

Real analytic sets in Euclidean space (Le. , sets defined locally at each point of Euclidean space by the vanishing of an analytic function) were first investigated in the 1950's by H. Cartan [Car], H. Whitney [WI-3], F. Bruhat [W-B] and others. Their approach was to derive information about real analytic sets from properties of their complexifications. After some basic geometrical and topological facts were established, however, the study of real analytic sets stagnated. This contrasted the rapid develop ment of complex analytic geometry which followed the groundbreaking work of the early 1950's. Certain pathologies in the real case contributed to this failure to progress. For example, the closure of -or the connected components of-a constructible set (Le. , a locally finite union of differ ences of real analytic sets) need not be constructible (e. g. , R - {O} and 3 2 2 { (x, y, z) E R : x = zy2, x + y2 -=I- O}, respectively). Responding to this in the 1960's, R. Thorn [Thl], S. Lojasiewicz [LI,2] and others undertook the study of a larger class of sets, the semianalytic sets, which are the sets defined locally at each point of Euclidean space by a finite number of ana lytic function equalities and inequalities. They established that semianalytic sets admit Whitney stratifications and triangulations, and using these tools they clarified the local topological structure of these sets. For example, they showed that the closure and the connected components of a semianalytic set are semianalytic.

Since the beginning of the modern era of algebraic topology, simplicial
methods have been used systematically and effectively for both computation and basic theory. With the development of Quillen's concept of a closed model category and, in particular, a simplicial model category, this collection of methods has become the primary way to describe non-abelian homological algebra and to address homotopy-theoretical issues in a variety of fields, including algebraic K-theory. This book supplies a modern exposition of these ideas, emphasizing model category theoretical techniques.

Discussed here are the homotopy theory of simplicial sets, and other basic
topics such as simplicial groups, Postnikov towers, and bisimplicial sets.
The more advanced material includes homotopy limits and colimits,
localization with respect to a map and with respect to a homology theory,
cosimplicial spaces, and homotopy coherence. Interspersed throughout are
many results and ideas well-known to experts, but uncollected in the
literature.

Intended for second-year graduate students and beyond, this book introduces many of the basic tools of modern homotopy theory. An extensive background in topology is not assumed.

The dual space of a locally compact group G consists of the equivalence classes of irreducible unitary representations of G. This book provides a comprehensive guide to the theory of induced representations and explains its use in describing the dual spaces for important classes of groups. It introduces various induction constructions and proves the core theorems on induced representations, including the fundamental imprimitivity theorem of Mackey and Blattner. An extensive introduction to Mackey analysis is applied to compute dual spaces for a wide variety of examples. Fell's contributions to understanding the natural topology on the dual are also presented. In the final two chapters, the theory is applied in a variety of settings including topological Frobenius properties and continuous wavelet transforms. This book will be useful to graduate students seeking to enter the area as well as experts who need the theory of unitary group representations in their research.

The general objective of this treatise is to give a systematic presenta tion of some of the topological and measure-theoretical foundations of the theory of real-valued functions of several real variables, with particular emphasis upon a line of thought initiated by BANACH, GEOCZE, LEBESGUE, TONELLI, and VITALI. To indicate a basic feature in this line of thought, let us consider a real-valued continuous function I(u) of the single real variable tt. Such a function may be thought of as defining a continuous translormation T under which x = 1 (u) is the image of u. About thirty years ago, BANACH and VITALI observed that the fundamental concepts of bounded variation, absolute continuity, and derivative admit of fruitful geometrical descriptions in terms of the transformation T: x = 1 (u) associated with the function 1 (u). They further noticed that these geometrical descriptions remain meaningful for a continuous transformation T in Euclidean n-space Rff, where T is given by a system of equations of the form 1-/(1 ff) X-I U, . . ., tt, .," and n is an arbitrary positive integer. Accordingly, these geometrical descriptions can be used to define, for continuous transformations in Euclidean n-space Rff, n-dimensional concepts 01 bounded variation and absolute continuity, and to introduce a generalized Jacobian without reference to partial derivatives. These ideas were further developed, generalized, and modified by many mathematicians, and significant applications were made in Calculus of Variations and related fields along the lines initiated by GEOCZE, LEBESGUE, and TONELLI."