The notion of an operad was introduced 40 years ago in algebraic topology in order to model the structure of iterated loop spaces [6, 47, 60]. Since then, operads have been used fruitfully in many ?elds of mathematics and physics. Indeed, the notion of an operad supplies both a conceptual and e?ective device to handle a variety of algebraic structures in various situations. Many usualcategoriesofalgebras(likethecategoryofcommutativeandassociative algebras, the category of associative algebras, the category of Lie algebras, thecategoryofPoissonalgebras,...)areassociatedtooperads. The main successful applications of operads in algebra occur in defor- tion theory: the theory of operads uni?es the construction of deformation complexes, gives generalizations of powerful methods of rational homotopy, and brings to light deep connections between the cohomology of algebras, the structure of combinatorial polyhedra, the geometry of moduli spaces of surfaces, and conformal ?eld theory. The new proofs of the existence of deformation-quantizations by Kontsevich and Tamarkin bring together all these developments and lead Kontsevich to the fascinating conjecture that the motivic Galois group operates on the space of deformation-quantizations (see [35]). The purpose of this monograph is to study not operads themselves, but modules over operads as a device to model functors between categories of algebras as e?ectively as operads model categories of algebras. Modules overoperads occur naturally when one needs to representuniv- sal complexes associated to algebras over operads (see [14, 54]). Modules overoperads havenot been studied as extensively as operads yet.

J. Frank Adams, the founder of stable homotopy theory, gave a lecture series at the University of Chicago in 1967, 1970, and 1971, the well-written notes of which are published in this classic in algebraic topology. The three series focused on Novikov's work on operations in complex cobordism, Quillen's work on formal groups and complex cobordism, and stable homotopy and generalized homology. Adams's exposition of the first two topics played a vital role in setting the stage for modern work on periodicity phenomena in stable homotopy theory. His exposition on the third topic occupies the bulk of the book and gives his definitive treatment of the Adams spectral sequence along with many detailed examples and calculations in KU-theory that help give a feel for the subject.

This new-in-paperback edition provides a general introduction to algebraic and arithmetic geometry, starting with the theory of schemes, followed by applications to arithmetic surfaces and to the theory of reduction of algebraic curves.
The first part introduces basic objects such as schemes, morphisms, base change, local properties (normality, regularity, Zariski's Main Theorem). This is followed by the more global aspect: coherent sheaves and a finiteness theorem for their cohomology groups. Then follows a chapter on sheaves of differentials, dualizing sheaves, and Grothendieck's duality theory. The first part ends with the theorem of Riemann-Roch and its application to the study of smooth projective curves over a field. Singular curves are treated through a detailed study of the Picard group.
The second part starts with blowing-ups and desingularization (embedded or not) of fibered surfaces over a Dedekind ring that leads on to intersection theory on arithmetic surfaces. Castelnuovo's criterion is proved and also the existence of the minimal regular model. This leads to the study of reduction of algebraic curves. The case of elliptic curves is studied in detail. The book concludes with the fundamental theorem of stable reduction of Deligne-Mumford.
This book is essentially self-contained, including the necessary material on commutative algebra. The prerequisites are few, and including many examples and approximately 600 exercises, the book is ideal for graduate students.

In most major universities one of the three or four basic first-year graduate mathematics courses is algebraic topology. This introductory text is suitable for use in a course on the subject or for self-study, featuring broad coverage and a readable exposition, with many examples and exercises. The four main chapters present the basics: fundamental group and covering spaces, homology and cohomology, higher homotopy groups, and homotopy theory generally. The author emphasizes the geometric aspects of the subject, which helps students gain intuition. A unique feature is the inclusion of many optional topics not usually part of a first course due to time constraints: Bockstein and transfer homomorphisms, direct and inverse limits, H-spaces and Hopf algebras, the Brown representability theorem, the James reduced product, the Dold-Thom theorem, and Steenrod squares and powers.

Poincare duality algebras originated in the work of topologists on the cohomology of closed manifolds, and Macaulay's dual systems in the study of irreducible ideals in polynomial algebras. These two ideas are tied together using basic commutative algebra involving Gorenstein algebras. Steenrod operations also originated in algebraic topology, but may best be viewed as a means of encoding the information often hidden behind the Frobenius map in characteristic p<>0. They provide a noncommutative tool to study commutative algebras over a Galois field. In this Tract the authors skilfully bring together these ideas and apply them to problems in invariant theory. A number of remarkable and unexpected interdisciplinary connections are revealed that will interest researchers in the areas of commutative algebra, invariant theory or algebraic topology.

This book offers a self-contained account of the 3-manifold invariants arising from the original Jones polynomial. These are the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev and the Turaev-Viro invariants. Starting from the Kauffman bracket model for the Jones polynomial and the diagrammatic Temperley-Lieb algebra, higher-order polynomial invariants of links are constructed and combined to form the 3-manifold invariants. The methods in this book are based on a recoupling theory for the Temperley-Lieb algebra. This recoupling theory is a q-deformation of the SU(2) spin networks of Roger Penrose.

The recoupling theory is developed in a purely combinatorial and elementary manner. Calculations are based on a reformulation of the Kirillov-Reshetikhin shadow world, leading to expressions for all the invariants in terms of state summations on 2-cell complexes. Extensive tables of the invariants are included. Manifolds in these tables are recognized by surgery presentations and by means of 3-gems (graph encoded 3-manifolds) in an approach pioneered by Sostenes Lins. The appendices include information about gems, examples of distinct manifolds with the same invariants, and applications to the Turaev-Viro invariant and to the Crane-Yetter invariant of 4-manifolds.

De Rham cohomology is the cohomology of differential forms. This book offers a self-contained exposition to this subject and to the theory of characteristic classes from the curvature point of view. It requires no prior knowledge of the concepts of algebraic topology or cohomology. The first ten chapters study cohomology of open sets in Euclidean space, treat smooth manifolds and their cohomology and end with integration on manifolds. The last eleven chapters cover Morse theory, index of vector fields, Poincaré duality, vector bundles, connections and curvature, Chern and Euler classes, Thom isomorphism, and the general Gauss-Bonnet theorem. The text includes over 150 exercises, and gives the background necessary for the modern developments in gauge theory and geometry in four dimensions, but it also serves as an introductory course in algebraic topology. It will be invaluable to anyone who wishes to know about cohomology, curvature, and their applications.

Fibre bundles, now an integral part of differential geometry, are also of great importance in modern physics--such as in gauge theory. This book, a succinct introduction to the subject by renown mathematician Norman Steenrod, was the first to present the subject systematically.

It begins with a general introduction to bundles, including such topics as differentiable manifolds and covering spaces. The author then provides brief surveys of advanced topics, such as homotopy theory and cohomology theory, before using them to study further properties of fibre bundles. The result is a classic and timeless work of great utility that will appeal to serious mathematicians and theoretical physicists alike.

This book presents a coherent account of the current status of etale homotopy theory, a topological theory introduced into abstract algebraic geometry by M. Artin and B. Mazur. Eric M. Friedlander presents many of his own applications of this theory to algebraic topology, finite Chevalley groups, and algebraic geometry. Of particular interest are the discussions concerning the Adams Conjecture, K-theories of finite fields, and Poincare duality. Because these applications have required repeated modifications of the original formulation of etale homotopy theory, the author provides a new treatment of the foundations which is more general and more precise than previous versions. One purpose of this book is to offer the basic techniques and results of etale homotopy theory to topologists and algebraic geometers who may then apply the theory in their own work. With a view to such future applications, the author has introduced a number of new constructions (function complexes, relative homology and cohomology, generalized cohomology) which have immediately proved applicable to algebraic K-theory.

This book is intended as a one-semester course in general topology, a.k.a. point-set topology, for undergraduate students as well as first-year graduate students. Such a course is considered a prerequisite for further studying analysis, geometry, manifolds, and certainly, for a career of mathematical research. Researchers may find it helpful especially from the comprehensive indices.General topology resembles a language in modern mathematics. Because of this, the book is with a concentration on basic concepts in general topology, and the presentation is of a brief style, both concise and precise. Though it is hard to determine exactly which concepts therein are basic and which are not, the author makes efforts in the selection according to personal experience on the occurrence frequency of notions in advanced mathematics, and to related books that have received admirable reviews.This book also contains exercises for each chapter with selected solutions. Interrelationships among concepts are taken into account frequently. Twelve particular topological spaces are repeatedly exploited, which serve as examples to learn new concepts based on old ones.

ltats - avec une generalite minimale, souvent insuffisante pour les applications -et une idee de leur demonstration. Pour des resultats complets, ou des demonstrationsdetaillees, SGA 4 reste indispensable.Le "Rapport sur la formule des traces" contient une demonstration complete dela formule des traces pour l'endomorphisme de Frobenius. La demonstration est celledonnee par Grothendieck dans SGA 5, elaguee de tout detail inutile. Ce rapportdevrait permettre a utilisateur d'oublier SGA 5, qu'on pourra considerer comme uneserie de digression, certaines tres interessantes. Son existence permettra de publierprochainement SGA 5 tel quel. Il est complete par l'expose "Applications de laformule des traces aux sommes trigonometriques" qui explique comment la formuledes traces permet l'etude de sommes trigonometriques, et donne des exemples..

"Aus den Besprechungen: ""Although this volume appears as a set of "Lecture Notes," in fact it is a rather polished and complete text on homotopy theory, from the viewpoint of offering a very careful examination of the foundations. The authors introduce the notion of homotopy in general, and then launch into an elaborate study of cofibrations. The second major chapter concerns fibrations. The last chapter centers around homotopy sets and groups, induced homomorphisms and exact sequences, excision in the stable range and suspension. It is a well polished piece of exposition, suitable for a reader who knows point-set topology and basic category theory." "Mathematical Reviews"

On Knots is a journey through the theory of knots, starting from the simplest combinatorial ideas--ideas arising from the representation of weaving patterns. From this beginning, topological invariants are constructed directly: first linking numbers, then the Conway polynomial and skein theory. This paves the way for later discussion of the recently discovered Jones and generalized polynomials. The central chapter, Chapter Six, is a miscellany of topics and recreations. Here the reader will find the quaternions and the belt trick, a devilish rope trick, Alhambra mosaics, Fibonacci trees, the topology of DNA, and the author's geometric interpretation of the generalized Jones Polynomial. Then come branched covering spaces, the Alexander polynomial, signature theorems, the work of Casson and Gordon on slice knots, and a chapter on knots and algebraic singularities.The book concludes with an appendix about generalized polynomials.

Probability theory has become a convenient language and a useful tool in many areas of modern analysis. The main purpose of this book is to explore part of this connection concerning the relations between Brownian motion on a manifold and analytical aspects of differential geometry. A dominant theme of the book is the probabilistic interpretation of the curvature of a manifold.The book begins with a brief review of stochastic differential equations on Euclidean space. After presenting the basics of stochastic analysis on manifolds, the author introduces Brownian motion on a Riemannian manifold and studies the effect of curvature on its behavior. He then applies Brownian motion to geometric problems and vice versa, using many well-known examples, e.g., short-time behavior of the heat kernel on a manifold and probabilistic proofs of the Gauss-Bonnet-Chem theorem and the Atiyah-Singer index theorem for Dirac operators. The book concludes with an introduction to stochastic analysis on the path space over a Riemannian manifold.

This book offers a systematic treatment--the first in book form--of the development and use of cohomological induction to construct unitary representations. George Mackey introduced induction in 1950 as a real analysis construction for passing from a unitary representation of a closed subgroup of a locally compact group to a unitary representation of the whole group. Later a parallel construction using complex analysis and its associated co-homology theories grew up as a result of work by Borel, Weil, Harish-Chandra, Bott, Langlands, Kostant, and Schmid. Cohomological induction, introduced by Zuckerman, is an algebraic analog that is technically more manageable than the complex-analysis construction and leads to a large repertory of irreducible unitary representations of reductive Lie groups.

The book, which is accessible to students beyond the first year of graduate school, will interest mathematicians and physicists who want to learn about and take advantage of the algebraic side of the representation theory of Lie groups. "Cohomological Induction and Unitary Representations" develops the necessary background in representation theory and includes an introductory chapter of motivation, a thorough treatment of the "translation principle," and four appendices on algebra and analysis.

Hilbert schemes, which parametrize subschemes in algebraic varieties, have been extensively studied in algebraic geometry for the last 50 years. The most interesting class of Hilbert schemes are schemes $X^{[n]}$ of collections of $n$ points (zero-dimensional subschemes) in a smooth algebraic surface $X$. Schemes $X^{[n]}$ turn out to be closely related to many areas of mathematics, such as algebraic combinatorics, integrable systems, representation theory, and mathematical physics, among others. This book surveys recent developments of the theory of Hilbert schemes of points on complex surfaces and its interplay with infinite dimensional Lie algebras. It starts with the basics of Hilbert schemes of points and presents in detail an example of Hilbert schemes of points on the projective plane. Then the author turns to the study of cohomology of $X^{[n]}$, including the construction of the action of infinite dimensional Lie algebras on this cohomology, the ring structure of cohomology, equivariant cohomology of $X^{[n]}$ and the Gromov-Witten correspondence. The last part of the book presents results about quantum cohomology of $X^{[n]}$ and related questions. The book is of interest to graduate students and researchers in algebraic geometry, representation theory, combinatorics, topology, number theory, and theoretical physics.

This is the second of two volumes on the qualitative theory of foliations. For this volume, the authors have selected three special topics: analysis on foliated spaces, characteristic classes of foliations, and foliated manifolds. Each of these is an example of deep interaction between foliation theory and some other highly-developed area of mathematics. In all cases, the authors present useful, in-depth introductions, which lead to further study using the extensive available literature. This comprehensive volume has something to offer a broad spectrum of readers: from beginners to advanced students to professional researchers. It contains exercises and many illustrations. The book would make an elegant supplementary text for a topics course at the advanced graduate level. ""Foliations I"" is Volume 23 in the AMS series, ""Graduate Studies in Mathematics"".

Since Benoit Mandelbrot's pioneering work in the late 1970s, scores of research articles and books have been published on the topic of fractals. Despite the volume of literature in the field, the general level of theoretical understanding has remained low; most work is aimed either at too mainstream an audience to achieve any depth or at too specialized a community to achieve widespread use. Written by celebrated mathematician and educator A.A. Kirillov, A Tale of Two Fractals is intended to help bridge this gap, providing an original treatment of fractals that is at once accessible to beginners and sufficiently rigorous for serious mathematicians. The work is designed to give young, non-specialist mathematicians a solid foundation in the theory of fractals, and, in the process, to equip them with exposure to a variety of geometric, analytical, and algebraic tools with applications across other areas.

This textbook is designed to give graduate students an understanding of integrable systems via the study of Riemann surfaces, loop groups, and twistors. The book has its origins in a series of lecture courses given by the authors, all of whom are internationally known mathematicians and renowned expositors. It is written in an accessible and informal style, and fills a gap in the existing literature. The introduction by Nigel Hitchin addresses the meaning of integrability: how do we recognize an integrable system? His own contribution then develops connections with algebraic geometry, and includes an introduction to Riemann surfaces, sheaves, and line bundles. Graeme Segal takes the Kortewegde Vries and nonlinear Schroedinger equations as central examples, and explores the mathematical structures underlying the inverse scattering transform. He explains the roles of loop groups, the Grassmannian, and algebraic curves. In the final part of the book, Richard Ward explores the connection between integrability and the self-dual Yang-Mills equations, and describes the correspondence between solutions to integrable equations and holomorphic vector bundles over twistor space.