Muscles and Meridians is a unique book that breaks new conceptual ground in the realm of human movement. Firmly based in an understanding of evolutionary and developmental biology, this volume introduces some of the keys that open the way to an understanding of the Contractile Field (CF) model - a novel concept which promotes a fresh approach to exercise and represents a valuable means of understanding and treating musculoskeletal disorders. The CF model represents a whole-organism approach to an appreciation of human movement. The fundamental biomechanical architecture of vertebrates imposes patterns of movement on our spine, patterns that offer the keys needed to begin a more robust understanding of human movement. The CF model suggests that sense organs are embedded in fields of contractility, and that the musculature of the viscera and the role of the kidneys need to be incorporated in this attempt to develop such a model. Fields of contractility are defined, borders between fields are identified, and field interaction considered. The model also suggests a new assessment methodology: the Archetypal Postures. Many musculoskeletal aches and pains, such as back pain, are non-attributable to a standard tissue-related diagnosis. Rather we need to focus on the interrelationship of many named tissues via the emergence of postures that are deeply embedded in our evolution and childhood development. Archetypal Postures are essential to the 'tune' of the musculoskeletal system.By showing a pattern of correlation, the CF model also sheds light on the Chinese map of the meridians suggesting a theory that unravels the complexity of the ancient map which the modern biosciences have been unable to comprehend or identify. Muscles and Meridians presents an approach to musculoskeletal anatomy which will be widely applicable to all professionals who have an interest in human movement: physiotherapists, osteopathic physicians, osteopaths, chiropractors, acupuncturists, exercise scientists, manual therapists, and personal trainers. Describes a new model of human movement - the Contractile Field model Offers a rare and serious attempt to look at whole person movement patterns - akin to 'Anatomy Trains' but with a stronger link to vertebrate evolution and development Suggests that much of our endemic back and leg pain is due to a loss of ease in postures that are 'archetypal' to mankind Offers a profound new understanding of the world's oldest medical map, the Chinese meridian map

Up to about twenty-five years ago, virtually the entire field of microscopy could be overseen and even practized by any active research worker. The rapid evolution which microscopy in its broadest sense has since undergone and which has contributed greatly to our insight in many fields of biological science and medicine has, however, lead to a progressive specialisation. Both experienced investigators in clinical and biological laboratories and post graduate students, confronted with a limited number of microscopic tech niques in their daily research work, have increasing difficulty in keeping (or obtaining) a general idea of the many time-honoured and new possibilities which microscopy has to offer. This book has been written with the aim of presenting general informa tion on light microscopic techniques, at a level somewhere in between booklets like those provided by microscope manufacturers (which are often too much focussed on the production program of a particular make) and very advanced treatises with a thorough mathematical treatment of all phenomena concerned. The physically oriented texts moreover often do not sufficiently take into account the practical situation in a medical or biolog ical laboratory; on the other hand, the value of really understanding what one is doing in using a microscopic technique is often underestimated. At tempt has been made, therefore, to present sufficient background informa tion necessary for a rational application of the different microscopical tech niques in their mutual relationship."

Very Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, Inspiring Physiology is the science of life, and sets out to understand how living things work and what makes them distinct from the non-living. It considers how our bodies are supplied with energy, how they maintain their internal parameters, the ways in which we gather and process information, the ways we take action, and the creation of new generations. This Very Short Introduction explores the field of human physiology, considering how the body works, senses, reacts, and defends itself. As Jamie A. Davies shows, human life (and indeed, all life) is sustained by the interplay of a wide variety of physiological mechanisms and principles. He discusses the physiological experiments and research undertaken to understand these processes, and analyses the ethical issues involved. He also considers the evolution of the scientific field itself, showing how enhanced understandings of physiological knowledge can help inform medical research and care. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

See how to achieve stronger starts, more explosive turns, and faster times "Swimming Anatomy" will show you how to improve your performance by increasing muscle strength and optimizing the efficiency of every stroke.

"Swimming Anatomy" includes 74 of the most effective swimming exercises, each with step-by-step descriptions and full-color anatomical illustrations highlighting the primary muscles in action.

"Swimming Anatomy" goes beyond exercises by placing you on the starting block, in the water, and into the throes of competition. Illustrations of the active muscles for starts, turns, and the four competitive strokes (freestyle, breaststroke, butterfly, and backstroke) show you how each exercise is fundamentally linked to swimming performance.

You'll also learn how exercises can be modified to target specific areas, improve your form in the water, and minimize common swimming injuries. Best of all, you'll learn how to put it all together to develop a training program based on your individual needs and goals.

Whether you are training for a 50-meter freestyle race or the open-water stage of a triathlon, "Swimming Anatomy" will ensure you enter the water prepared to achieve every performance goal.

The Male Reproductive System chart presents an overview of the structure and function of male reproductive anatomy. The primary image illustrates the overall structure, including the penis and testicles. Diagrams lay-out the process of spermiogenesis and the movement of sperm. Heavy cover stock with protective varnish for durability.

This textbook describes in detail the process of cancer metastasis from a single cell in the primary site through its arduous journey to the sentinel lymph node as the main gateway and beyond to distant sites. The most up-to-date knowledge on key topics in the molecular biology, diagnosis, and treatment of metastatic cancer is highlighted by a large panel of experts. The book begins with a comprehensive overview of the genetic and molecular mechanisms that promote or inhibit cancer metastasis through lymphatic pathways to lymph nodes or through vascular pathways to distant sites, providing the reader with an essential basic knowledge. This is followed by further details on the role of the immune system within the primary tumor and the lymph node and the importance of the microenvironment at the metastatic site. The role of the sentinel lymph node in cancer metastasis is emphasized. Special attention is also given to state-of-the-art imaging techniques for the detection of early-stage cancer and cancer metastases, as well as the use of liquid biopsies in sarcoma, prostate, gastrointestinal, and lung cancer. Clinical patterns of malignant tumors arising in different organ systems are compared, described, and discussed with the goal of determining what similarities and/or differences exist. The book concludes with a detailed discussion of surgical intervention, radiation, and systemic therapy of primary and metastatic cancer, and briefly previews several emerging topics, such as the latest findings on personalized cancer therapy, cancer stem cells, unique molecular mechanisms of virus-induced cancer, the impact of the microbiome on cancer metastasis and the application of artificial intelligence in cancer metastasis research. By providing fundamental knowledge of the biological and clinical aspects of cancer metastasis, this book will be an important reference for cancer researchers, clinical oncologists, teachers, and students. Written by experts in the field, each chapter includes a summary of the chapter's key points and open-ended questions that address pressing issues in the field and encourage the reader to consider future directions.

This hugely important volume presents in a single text many novel aspects of stem cell biology with respect to scientific endeavors and future applications. During the past few years, stem cell research has metamorphosed into distinct and specialized avenues of research. What makes this book unique is that it not only covers these varied areas of research, but examines in detail some of the key pharmacological issues that up to now have not been addressed in a single volume.

Acquire the 21st-century skills to succeed in A&P with a leading text in the field. Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th edition by best-selling authors Elaine Marieb and Katja Hoehn is one of the leading texts in the field, aimed not only to support your learning every step of the way but also to motivate and inspire you as a future scientist in the field. An ideal learning resource both for novice and expert students, this text will equip you with the most up to date, 21st-century skills to succeed in A&P and beyond. Well-known for its engaging, conversational writing style, easy-to-follow figures, and unique clinical insights, this editioncontinues its tradition of innovation, with an array of compelling multimedia tools and visual presentations, along with questions and clinical case studies to cement your understanding of the topics. With this text you can: Master the challenging A&P terminology Practice your critical thinking and problem-solving skills Apply your knowledge to clinical scenarios Gain the knowledge required for entry into nursing, allied health, and exercise science programs. Personalise your learning experience and improve results with Mastering (R) A&P. Mastering provides access to trusted content using customisable tools, features, and assessments built for today's digital learners. Pearson Mastering (R) A&P is not included. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and Mastering A&P, search for: 9781292421957 Human Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition, 12th edition with Mastering Biology The bundle consists of: 9781292421803 Human Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition, 12th Edition 9781292421797 Pearson Mastering A&P- Instant Access - for Human Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition 9781292421742 Pearson Mastering A&P with Pearson eText - Instant Access - for Human Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition Mastering A&P should only be purchased when required by an instructor. Please be sure you have the correct ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information.

The convergence of life sciences and micro/nanotechnologies is one of the fastest growing modern R and D areas with an enormous potential societal impact. Microfluidics or Lab-on-Chip (LOC) devices, also dubbed BioMEMS, are a fascinating example of this combination of two scientific areas. This book, which is the first volume entirely dedicated to microfabricated cell-based systems, will provide readers with a quick introduction to the field as well as with a variety of specific examples of such Lab-on-Chip systems for cellomics applications. It will give investigators inspiration for innovative research topics, whereas end users will be surprised about the wide variety of new and exciting applications.

Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise: A Quick A-to-Z Reference is the most user-friendly and accessible available reference to human musculoskeletal anatomy in its moving, active context. Fully updated and revised, the second edition features more illustrations to enhance student learning and an expanded hot topics section to highlight key areas of research in sport and exercise. An accessible format makes it easy for students to locate clear, concise explanations and descriptions of anatomical structures, human movement terms and key concepts. Covering all major anatomical areas, the book includes: an A-to-Z guide to anatomical terms and concepts, from the head to the foot clear and detailed colour illustrations cross-referenced entries throughout hot topics discussed in more detail in sports examples discussed in more detail full references and suggested further reading This book is an essential quick reference for undergraduate students in applied anatomy, functional anatomy, kinesiology, sport and exercise science, physical education, strength and conditioning, biomechanics and athletic training.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart, FIMH 2007, held in Salt Lake City, UT, USA in June 2007.

The 48 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The contributions describe both experimental and computational studies and cover topics such as imaging and image analysis, cardiac electrophysiology, electro- and magnetocardiography, cardiac mechanics and clinical application, imaging and anatomical modeling.

Incorporates etymology, history, art, drawing, and reflective writing to support medical students in the integration of the science and humanity of anatomy. A comprehensive and holistic understanding of human anatomy is foundational to the care of patients. The Reflector is an innovative and interdisciplinary approach to the learning of human anatomy; it incorporates etymology, history, art, drawing, and reflective writing to integrate the learning of anatomical structures with the nonanatomical curriculum of the anatomy lab, thus establishing the foundation for a biopsychosocial approach to medicine. To develop visual skills, this work features drawings that illustrate the original inspirations for anatomical terminology while also providing the space to artistically reimagine these structures. Together, these activities enhance the comprehension and retention of anatomical information for application in medical sciences. The Reflector employs thought-provoking questions that emphasize humanity in anatomy, in order to prompt consideration of the anatomical structures beyond basic science. Reflecting on the experiences of anatomical dissections, specifically in relation to development of habits of mind necessary for patient- and family-centered care, continually connects students to the purpose of their studies - to become a knowledgeable, compassionate, self-aware, reflective, and skilled member of a healing profession. Edited by a medical student with a Master's of Science degree in Medical Humanities; an anatomical science faculty member dedicated to the holistically educated medical provider; an expert in visual learning and self-reflection; and a bioethicist, The Reflector is a valuable resource for all who want to understand the human in human anatomy.

The Vagus Nerve in Therapeutic Practice is a comprehensive guide that empowers holistic healers and complementary medicine practitioners with practical, science-based techniques to improve vagal performance and restore mind-body health. This excellent resource has been tailored for professionals to give them a solid understanding of vagus nerve regulation and provides accessible strategies to help their clients.

References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Subject Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 1 Introduction The developmental steps which lead to the formation of the human perineum seem firmly established (Arey 1965; Hamilton and Mossman1972; Moore and Persaud 1998; Wartenberg 1993; Sadler 1995; Larsen 1997). They form the base for the evaluation of the pathogenesis of a great variety of complicated and often serious malformations which occur in this region. This concept has, however, been challenged by the results of an investigation into the n- mal and abnormal development of the anorectum in pig (van der Putte and Neeteson 1983, 1984; van der Putte 1986). Observations revealed that at least in pig, a major element in current ideas about the early development of the perineum, namely the process by which the original simple cloaca is sub- vided into a urogenital and anal part is incorrect, while additional obser- tions strongly suggested that the same may be true for ideas about female and male sexual transformation. A preliminary investigation in human - bryos gave similar indications (van der Putte 1986). The data supported e- lier critical findings (Politzer 1931, 1932; Wijnen 1964; Ludwig 1965) which have apparently been ignored, possibly because they seemed to hinder the understanding of the pathogenesis of congenital malformations such as - perforate anus and hypospadias.

Biomedical research is at a critical point at present. The research has led to an enormous amount of data and models describing these data, but - proachesforapplication,formalizationand integrationof this knowledgefrom the molecular to the system level are still topics of ongoing research and c- tainly far from fully developed. Also in cardiology the di?erent anatomical and physiological constituents as well as the coupling between them are being researchedin increasing detail and areoften described using computer-based models. But for this domain an integrative framework is still missing. The application of computer-based modeling as a research, development and clinical tool often necessitates the coupling of various models from di?- ent levels. Describing the interactions between these models, which are both physically sound and computationally e?cient, determines the applicability of such promising computer-based attempts. Myhopeisthatthisbookwillcontributetothecomprehension,spreadand impact of computer-based modeling in cardiology,both from a teaching point of view and by summarizing knowledge from several, commonly delimited topics relating to the cardiac manifoldness. The book evolved from revision and extension of my professorial disser- tion(Habilitationsschrift)"MathematicalModelingoftheMammalianHeart" written in 2002. This dissertation was based on notes for the lectures "C- putational Biology: Bioelectromagnetism and Biomechanics," "Simulation of Physical Fields in the Human Body," and "Anatomical, Physical and Fu- tional Models of the Human Body," which I gaveat the Universita t Karlsruhe (TH) from 1998 to 2003. Salt Lake City, 1 February 2004 Frank B. Sachse VI Preface Acknowledgement Manypeople meritmy gratitudefor their assistanceandsupportin this work.

Since a clear understanding of the pelvic floor region is crucial for both male and female pelvic surgery and for fundamental mechanisms of urogenital and/or ano-rectal dysfunction and treatment, the authors present a morphological concept that is in accordance with actual clinical concepts. The reinterpreted anatomical concept is compared to classical morphological ideas and what is most important to functional considerations.

The third edition of Physiology and Anatomy for Nurses and Healthcare Practitioners: A homeostatic approach presents homeostasis as a dynamic concept that provides the basis for understanding health and well-being. It recognises how failure to respond to homeostatic disturbances results in imbalances responsible for signs and symptoms of ill-health, and describes how healthcare interventions seek to reverse those imbalances. Accompanied by colour illustrations and a description of related anatomy, the book provides an integrated explanation of body functioning. It discusses the organisation of the human body, main features and processes that must be controlled for health, the organ systems that act as homeostatic regulators, and effectors of homeostatic regulation. It also discusses influences on homeostasis and provides case studies that place examples of ill health and health care into the context of homeostasis. Features of the third edition include: An overview of microbiology and principles of infection management Expanded information on pharmacological principles and actions of the major classes of drugs Expanded discussion on physiological functions in relation to specific pathologies Updates on how the Human Genome project has impacted healthcare Additional case studies to illustrate the healthcare provider's role as an external agent of homeostatic control Photographs of common clinical conditions Access to an accompanying website with supplemental information An essential physiology and anatomy text, this book guides readers through the basic structure and functions of the body systems to more complex issues of clinical disorders and healthcare practice. Coverage includes the cardiovascular, lymphatic, nervous, endocrine, reproductive, and respiratory systems as well as skeletal muscle, embryo development, and circadian rhythms.

Over the last years, numerous studies have provided new insights into the structural and functional organization of the human cortical motor system. The data reviewed in this book indicate that striking similarities have been found between humans and non-human primates.   

In the medical imaging field, clinicians and researchers are increasingly moving from the qualitative assessment of printed images to the quantitative evaluation of digital images since the quantitative techniques often improve diagnostic accuracy and complement clinical assessments by providing objective criteria. Despite this growing interest, the field lacks a comprehensive body of knowledge. Filling the need for a complete manual on these novel techniques, Quantifying Morphology and Physiology of the Human Body Using MRI presents a wide range of quantitative MRI techniques to study the morphology and physiology of the whole body, from the brain to musculoskeletal systems. Illustrating the growing importance of quantitative MRI, the book delivers an indispensable reference for readers who would like to explore in vivo MRI techniques to quantify changes in the morphology and physiology of tissues caused by various disease mechanisms. With internationally renowned experts sharing their insight on the latest developments, the book goes beyond conventional MRI contrast mechanisms to include new techniques that measure electromagnetic and mechanical properties of tissues. Each chapter offers comprehensive information on data acquisition, processing, and analysis techniques as well as clinical applications. The text organizes the techniques based on their primary use either in the brain or the body. Some of the techniques, such as diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging, span several application areas, including brain imaging, cancer imaging, and musculoskeletal imaging. The book also covers up-and-coming quantitative techniques that explore tissue properties other than the presence of protons (or other MRI-observable nuclei) and their interactions with their environment. These novel techniques provide unique information about the electromagnetic and mechanical properties of tissues and introd

The basal ganglia are involved in complex brain functions, from voluntary movement control to learning and reward processing, and they are implicated in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. Information from the cerebral cortex and thalamus is conveyed to basal ganglia nuclei via glutamate release, while dopamine from the midbrain is released in close proximity to glutamate. At the heart of both function and dysfunction of basal ganglia circuits is the interaction of these two neurotransmitters, dopamine and glutamate. Elucidating the relationship between their molecular and cellular effects and behavioural significance has been challenging, but in the past 5-10 years, improved labeling, imaging, recording, and genetic manipulation approaches have yielded new information on how dopamine and glutamate interact to generate the circuit activity underpinning basal ganglia function. Dopamine-Glutamate Interactions in the Basal Ganglia synthesizes this recent research from the level of receptor molecules all the way to complex behaviours and disease. Current insights from research on individual neurons and synapses, detailed circuit analysis, and learning and action functions of the basal ganglia are presented against a historical perspective. The book also discusses compromised dopamine-glutamate interaction in disorders of basal ganglia function, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and drug addiction.

This book focuses on the challenges to biomedical education posed by the lockdowns and restrictions to on campus teaching brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the tools and digital visualization technologies that have been successfully developed and used for remote teaching. Biomedical education for science, medical, dental and allied health professionals relies on teaching visual and tactile knowledge using practice-based approaches. This has been delivered for decades via on-campus lectures, workshops and laboratories, teaching practical skills as well as fundamental knowledge and understanding. However, the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic meant that education across the globe had to pivot very quickly to be able to deliver these skills and knowledge in a predominantly online environment. This brought with it many challenges, as Higher Education staff, had to adapt to deliver these visual subjects remotely. This book addresses the challenges and solutions faced by Higher Education staff in teaching visual content in distance education. Chapters include literature reviews, original research, and pedagogical reflections for a wide range of biomedical subjects, degrees such as medicine, dentistry and veterinary sciences with examples from undergraduate and postgraduate settings. The goal of the book is to provide a compendium of expertise based on evidence gathered during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as reflections on the challenges and lessons learned from this dramatic shift in teaching. It also presents new examples of best practices that have emerged from this experience to ensure that they are not lost as we return to on-campus learning in a new era of biomedical teaching. This book will be of interest to anyone looking for a helpful reference point when designing online or blended teaching for visual practice-based subjects.

Basic and clinical scientists with an interest in how cytokines regulate the production of antibody, and the selective expression of distinct antibody classes in response to microbial and other antigenic challenges, now have a single, comprehensive and timely volume covering this complex field. Cytokine Regulation of Humoral Immunity: Basic and Clinical Aspects uniquely focuses on the impact of the cytokine network on the humoral immune response, as well as its implications for the evolving field of cytokine-based medical therapeutics. With introductory chapters on basic B lymphocyte biology, a systematic and detailed review of the major B cell active cytokines, and discussions on cytokine regulation of normal and pathogenic humoral immune states, this highly referenced book will serve as a valuable source of information for both students and seasoned investigators active in multiple branches of basic and clinical immunology.

The numerous and meticulously exposed findings are the very latest and of practical use for the cardiologist who is interested in new, morphologically-based diagnostics and the establishment of an exact anatomical basis for modern non-invasive therapy; for the radiologist who strives to obtain precise anatomical data, accurate and angiographical evaluations and diagnoses; for the cardiac surgeon, who strives, through precise and safe approaches in operations on the heart, to diminish surgical risks and increase the benefit of surgery to the patient. The review includes an great variety of new findings which relate to the greater (major) and smaller (minor) cardiac venous system and narrow a gap in the rather incomplete knowledge of the venous drainage of the human myocardium. A number of the results may help to achieve the success of the rather new technique of coronary sinus catheterization and reperfusion of the cardiac veins.

The refereed proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart, FIMH 2003, held in Lyon, France in June 2003. The 29 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation. The papers are organized in topical sections on anatomy extraction and description, modeling of the cardiac mechanics and functions, electro-physiology and electro- and magnetography, motion estimation, image registration and image analysis, and data acquisition and experimental and modeling issues.