The basal ganglia are involved in complex brain functions, from voluntary movement control to learning and reward processing, and they are implicated in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. Information from the cerebral cortex and thalamus is conveyed to basal ganglia nuclei via glutamate release, while dopamine from the midbrain is released in close proximity to glutamate. At the heart of both function and dysfunction of basal ganglia circuits is the interaction of these two neurotransmitters, dopamine and glutamate.

Elucidating the relationship between their molecular and cellular effects and behavioural significance has been challenging, but in the past 5 10 years, improved labeling, imaging, recording, and genetic manipulation approaches have yielded new information on how dopamine and glutamate interact to generate the circuit activity underpinning basal ganglia function. Dopamine Glutamate Interactions in the Basal Ganglia synthesizes this recent research from the level of receptor molecules all the way to complex behaviours and disease.

Current insights from research on individual neurons and synapses, detailed circuit analysis, and learning and action functions of the basal ganglia are presented against a historical perspective. The book also discusses compromised dopamine glutamate interaction in disorders of basal ganglia function, including Parkinson s disease, Huntington s disease, and drug addiction.

'As recent medical graduates we understand all too well the pressures faced during medical school. Lectures, tutorials, never-ending ward rounds, outpatient clinics, course work assignments and, of course, let us not forget the gruelling end-of-year exams.' Helen Butler and Neel Sharma, in the Preface This vital revision aid challenges you in all commonly tested aspects of anatomy. The sample SBAs and EMQs test your knowledge of relevant subject areas and are followed by answers as well as detailed explanations to assist comprehension. The index aids quick reference and cross-checking. Ideal as a revision aid, this examination guide promotes an understanding of complex issues and fosters effective and entertaining learning. 'This SBA and EMQ book goes well out of its way in helping you to plough through the nitty gritty of anatomy in preparation for exams.' Dr Tiago Villanueva, in the Foreword

The text of this book with regional approach of teaching and studying veterinary gross anatomy has been divided in six parts. The first part comprises the basics of veterinary anatomy described in the conventional form of systemic anatomy while the remaining five parts comprise region wise description of gross anatomy. Each of these parts contains the description of all anatomical structures viz. bones, joints, muscles, viscera, blood vessels, lymphatics nerves, etc located in the respective region of the animal body viz. head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis and the fore and hind limb. Bovine animal, the ox, has been considered as a model species for detail description of the anatomical features, while the major differences or remarkable features in other species like horse, dog, sheep and goat, pig and fowl have been described under a separate heading as Comparative Anatomy at the end of each section. In addition to this, a separate section on Applied Anatomy has been introduced at the end of each regional part. This will make it easy to understand the applications of the anatomical features that form the basis of surgical, diagnostic, medical and obstetrical techniques in the solution of clinical disorders which is the main purpose of regional pattern of learning the anatomy. Because of these distinctive features, the book has become a little voluminous and therefore, had to be split into two volumes. Part-I comprises the first three parts viz-General Systemic Anatomy, Anatomy of Head and Neck and the Anatomy of Thorax while the Part-II comprises the next three parts viz- the Anatomy of Abdomen and Pelvis, the Anatomy of Fore limb and the Anatomy of Hind Limb.

As anyone who takes up a new sport quickly discovers, even basic athletic moves require high levels of coordination and control. Whether dribbling a basketball or hitting a backhand, limbs must be synchronized and bodies balanced, all with precise timing. But no matter how diligently we watch the pros or practice ourselves, the body's inner workings remain invisible. The Hidden Mechanics of Exercise reveals the microworld of the human body in motion, from the motor proteins that produce force, to the signaling molecules that activate muscles, to the enzymes that extract energy from nutrients. Christopher Gillen describes how biomolecules such as myosin, collagen, hemoglobin, and creatine kinase power our athletic movements. During exercise, these molecules dynamically morph into different shapes, causing muscles, tendons, blood, and other tissues to perform their vital functions. Gillen explores a wide array of topics, from how genetic testing may soon help athletes train more effectively, to how physiological differences between women and men influence nutrition. The Hidden Mechanics of Exercise tackles questions athletes routinely ask. What should we ingest before and during a race? How does a hard workout trigger changes in our muscles? Why does exercise make us feel good? Athletes need not become biologists to race in a triathlon or carve turns on a snowboard. But Gillen, who has run ten ultramarathons, points out that athletes wishing to improve their performance will profit from a deeper understanding of the body's molecular mechanisms.

Over one million readers have turned to "Strength Training Anatomy" for strength training's most effective exercises. Now put those exercises to work for you with "The Strength Training Anatomy Workout."

"The Strength Training Anatomy Workout "is your guide to creating the body and the results you want. Strengthen arms and legs; increase muscle mass; sculpt chest, back, and core; firm glutes; increase hip flexibility . . . it's all here, and all in the stunning detail that only Frederic Delavier can provide

Over 150 full-color illustrations allow you to get inside more than 200 exercises and 50 workouts to see how muscles interact with surrounding joints and skeletal structures. You'll also discover how variations, progressions, and sequencing can affect muscle recruitment, the underlying structures, and ultimately the results.

The "Strength Training Anatomy Workout" includes proven programming for strength, power, bodybuilding, and toning that can be used in a gym or at home. You'll find targeted conditioning routines for optimal performance in more than 30 sports, including basketball, football, soccer, track and field, and golf.

Former editor in chief of "PowerMag" in France, author and illustrator Frederic Delavier is a journalist for "Le Monde du" "Muscle" and a contributor to "Men's Health Germany "and several other strength publications. His previous publication, "Strength Training Anatomy," has sold more than one million copies.

This unique, comprehensive book provides rich visual guidance on all aspects of neuroanatomy, as only artwork by master medical illustrator Frank H. Netter, MD can. Concise tables highlight important aspects of each structure, equipping you with the essential knowledge you need to master this complex discipline. This "updated" first edition includes an eBook with the print. The ExpertConsult eBook includes test-yourself images, and notes and highlighting capabilities. All other content is the same as the 2007 1st edition. See every nuance of nervous system anatomy with hundreds of unparalleled Netter diagrams. Better understand the functional importance and clinical significance of each anatomical structure, thanks to clear tabular summaries. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience includes test-yourself images, multiple choice questions, notes and highlighting capabilities, all viewable online at expertconsult.com or through the Inkling app.

Practical Radiological Anatomy is an illustrated and concise revision textbook for radiology trainees learning to interpret all modes of imaging. Features: Uses a convenient format arranged by body system Contains high-quality images demonstrating the key features of basic anatomy Supplies both conventional imaging and cross-sectional CT and MRI anatomy to aid preparation for the FRCA 2A modules Presents guidelines on how to interpret images Includes case studies in each chapter to illustrate the application of anatomy Discusses commonly encountered pitfalls Matches the current curriculum of the FRCA Part 1 and Part 2A exams The essential revision book for doctors training in radiology and preparing for the First FRCA exam, Practical Radiological Anatomy is also of great value to advanced radiology practitioners, nurse practitioners, emergency medicine doctors, and radiographers.

There's a silent epidemic in western civilization, and it is right under our noses. Our jaws are getting smaller and our teeth crooked and crowded, creating not only aesthetic challenges but also difficulties with breathing. Modern orthodontics has persuaded us that braces and oral devices can correct these problems. While teeth can certainly be straightened, what about the underlying causes of this rapid shift in oral evolution and the health risks posed by obstructed airways? Sandra Kahn and Paul R. Ehrlich, a pioneering orthodontist and a world-renowned evolutionist, respectively, present the biological, dietary, and cultural changes that have driven us toward this major health challenge. They propose simple adjustments that can alleviate this developing crisis, as well as a major alternative to orthodontics that promises more significant long-term relief. Jaws will change your life. Every parent should read this book.

Flow cytometry continually amazes scientists with its ever-expanding utility. Advances in flow cytometry have opened new directions in theoretical science, clinical diagnosis, and medical practice. The new edition of Flow Cytometry: First Principles provides a thorough update of this now classic text, reflecting innovations in the field while outlining the fundamental elements of instrumentation, sample preparation, and data analysis.

Flow Cytometry: First Principles, Second Edition explains the basic principles of flow cytometry, surveying its primary scientific and clinical applications and highlighting state-of-the-art techniques at the frontiers of research. This edition contains extensive revisions of all chapters, including new discussions on fluorochrome and laser options for multicolor analysis, an additionalsection on apoptosis in the chapter on DNA, and new chapters onintracellular protein staining and cell sorting, including high-speed sorting and alternative sorting methods, as well as traditional technology. This essential resource:

• Assumes no prior knowledge of flow cytometry
• Progresses with an informal, engaging lecture style from simpleto more complex concepts
• Offers a clear introduction to new vocabulary, principles of instrumentation, and strategies for data analysis
• Emphasizes the theory relevant to all flow cytometry, with examples from a variety of clinical and scientific fields

Flow Cytometry: First Principles, Second Edition provides scientists, clinicians, technologists, and students with the knowledge necessary for beginning the practice of flow cytometry and for understanding related literature.

The Royal College of Radiologists' First Anatomy module aims to ensure that this critical area in the interpretation of radiological images is thoroughly learned in the first year of training. This revision aid includes ten FRCR Part 1 practice exams with answers, equating to 200 high quality radiological images of normal anatomy that include CT, MRI, Ultrasound, Fluoroscopic studies and plain radiography. Following the examination format, five questions are set for each image, while detailed answers, clinical points and gems provide explanations and highlight learning points. This book will be ideal for trainees sitting the First FRCR examination, but also for those in other surgical or medical specialties who are exposed to radiology on a daily basis and wish to increase their understanding of radiological studies. Medical students and prospective radiology trainees may also find this book a helpful introduction and revision aid. 'A comprehensive, well structured and above all highly relevant book for all candidates approaching the new RCR anatomy exam.' - from the Foreword by Niall Power

Since its inception two generations ago, oculoplastic surgery has constantly evolved. What was once dogma may now be passe. Procedures that were once passe may be resurrected and utilized again. Providing simplified solutions to complex problems, Atlas of Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery is a practical, problem-orientated guide to the management of common oculoplastic and orbital disorders. Based on Dr. Spoor s thirty years of practice, the book emphasizes the more common oculoplastic conditions likely to present to a busy ophthalmologist.

The text covers upper and lower eyelid surgery and repair, orbital surgery, and the prevention and treatment of potential complications. The procedures are described with surgical photos and illustrations in a casual, didactic fashion, as a senior doctor would use instructing a resident or fellow. The book is essential reading for ophthalmologists, oculoplastic surgeons, neuro-ophthalmologists and plastic surgeons."

For surgeons, physicians, and anatomists involved in the management and study of disorders of the liver, bile ducts and pancreas, eponyms are part of everyday communication. They help to describe anatomical features, operative procedures, surgical instruments, and diseases. Unfortunately, many have become distorted or are inaccurately applied. Few of us understand their derivation or the remarkable people and controversies behind them. This book explores the origins of seventy eponyms in the field of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery and anatomy. Each section is deliberately short and intended for quick reference, providing accurate information about the origin of the eponym and the figure behind it. Meticulously researched, and beautifully illustrated with more than 150 photographs, Eponyms in Surgery and Anatomy of the Liver, Bile Ducts and Pancreas is aimed at surgeons, physicians and anatomists, and is sure to enrich the reader's historical perspective of this fascinating branch of surgery and anatomy.

Lippincott (R) Connect Featured Title Purchase of the new print edition of this Lippincott (R) Connect title includes lifetime access to the digital version of the book, plus related materials such as videos and multiple-choice Q&A and self-assessments. Photographic Atlas of Anatomy features outstanding full-color photographs of actual cadaver dissections, with accompanying schematic drawings and diagnostic images, to help students develop an unparalleled mastery of human anatomy with ease. Depicting anatomic structures more realistically than illustrations in traditional atlases, this proven resource shows students exactly what they will see in the dissection lab. Chapters are organized by region in the order of a typical dissection, with each chapter presenting regional anatomical structures in a systematic manner. This updated 9th edition includes revised content throughout and features additional cadaver dissection photos, medical imaging, and clinical illustrations, as well as a new appendix with learning resources that strengthen students' understanding of the vascular, lymphatic, muscular, and nervous systems. UPDATED! Chapters organized by region guide you through the order of a typical dissection. NEW! Appendix with learning resources reinforces your understanding of the vascular, lymphatic, muscular, and nervous systems. More than 1,200 full-color dissection photos, medical imaging, and clinical illustrations -all new or updated- depict key anatomical distinctions and functional connections as seen in the dissection lab. Authentic photographic reproduction of colors, structures, and spatial dimensions familiarize you with the human anatomy as seen in the dissection lab and on the operating table. Functional connections between single organs, the surrounding tissue, and organ systems are clarified to help you prepare for the dissection lab and practical exams. Dissections illustrate the regional anatomy in layers "from the outside in" to prepare you for the lab and operating room. Clinical comments strengthen your understanding and clinical readiness. Lippincott (R) Connect features: Lifetime access to the digital version of the book with the ability to highlight and take notes on key passages for a more personal, efficient study experience. Carefully curated resources, such as interactive diagrams, video tutorials, organ sounds, and self-assessment, all designed to facilitate further comprehension. Lippincott (R) Connect also allows users to create Study Collections to further personalize the study experience. With Study Collections you can: Pool content from books across your entire library into self-created Study Collections based on discipline, procedure, organ, concept or other topics. Display related text passages, video clips and self-assessment questions from each book (if available) for efficient absorption of material. Annotate and highlight key content for easy access later. Navigate seamlessly between book chapters, sections, self-assessments, notes and highlights in a single view/page.

Histology is the discipline of biology that involves the microscopic examination of thin stained tissue sections in order to study their structure and correlate it with function. Histology can detect signs of disease not easily recognized on gross examination and can therefore be of interest in fish health supervision. The aim of this volume is to present a general reference guide providing an extensive set of histological images of fishes (about 40 species). This atlas is designed for use by students and researchers, biologists, ichthyologists, fish farmers, veterinarians working in fisheries and, of course, by comparative histologists who want to learn more about the fish world.

This new study guide is a companion to the bestselling textbook Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing and Healthcare Students, and is designed to help and support you with this subject area, by testing and consolidating your knowledge of anatomy and physiology. Jam-packed with tips, hints, activities and exercises, this workbook will guide you through the core areas of anatomy and physiology, and provide you with loads of help with your studies. Designed to support all styles of learning, Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology Workbook provides you with a wide range of activities including: * Clear illustrations for tracing, copying, shading and colouring in * Blank diagrams for labelling * Multiple choice questions * Fill in the gap exercises * Learning tips and hints * Crosswords * Word searches Also available: Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing and Healthcare Students 2nd edition the bestselling textbook upon which this study guide is based.

The "New York Times" bestseller - with a new afterword about early specialization in youth sports.
The debate is as old as physical competition. Are stars like Usain Bolt, Michael Phelps, and Serena Williams genetic freaks put on Earth to dominate their respective sports? Or are they simply normal people who overcame their biological limits through sheer force of will and obsessive training?
In this controversial and engaging exploration of athletic success and the so-called 10,000-hour rule, David Epstein tackles the great nature vs. nurture debate and traces how far science has come in solving it. Through on-the-ground reporting from below the equator and above the Arctic Circle, revealing conversations with leading scientists and Olympic champions, and interviews with athletes who have rare genetic mutations or physical traits, Epstein forces us to rethink the very nature of athleticism.

Disease Pathways: An Atlas of Human Disease Signaling Pathways is designed to fill a void of illustrated reviews about the cellular mechanisms of human diseases. It covers 42 of the most common non-oncologic diseases and illustrates the connections between the molecular causes of the disease and its symptoms. This resource provides readers with detailed information about the disease molecular pathways, while keeping the presentation simple. Pathway models that aggregate the knowledge about protein-protein interactions have become indispensable tools in many areas of molecular biology, pharmacology, and medicine. In addition to disease pathways, the book includes a comprehensive overview of molecular signaling biology and application of pathway models in the analysis of big data for drug discovery and personalized medicine. This is a must-have reference for general biologists, biochemists, students, medical workers, and everyone interested in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of human disease.

'Core Anatomy - Illustrated' is a concise new atlas of human anatomy for medical and allied healthcare undergraduates, postgraduate trainees, and teaching staff. It presents the key anatomical knowledge necessary for clinical practice, at a level that is compatible with current core curricula, whether traditional or systems-based. Presenting beautifully photographed prosections of extraordinary clarity, this succinct volume comprises 71 easy-to-read double-page spreads. The combination of concise text on the left with labelled illustration and key on the right, offers a quick, accurate reference guide to human anatomy. Written by Professor Ian Parkin, Mr Bari Logan and Mr Mark McCarthy, who between them have over 75 years experience of teaching, examining and preparing human anatomical material, 'Core Anatomy - Illustrated' covers the human body, both male and female, literally from head to toe. The content of the book has been carefully selected as the most essential 'end view' level of dissected anatomy that medical, paramedical, and surgical practitioners must be familiar with to practise safely and effectively.

A stunning tribute to our eternal fascination with the human body – and the latest in the bestselling 'Explorer' Collection

Anatomy: Exploring the Human Body is a visually compelling survey of more than 5,000 years of image-making. Through 300 remarkable works, selected and curated by an international panel of anatomists, curators, academics, and specialists, the book chronicles the intriguing visual history of human anatomy, showcasing its amazing complexity and our ongoing fascination with the systems and functions of our bodies. Exploring individual parts of the human body from head to toe, and revealing the intricate functions of body systems, such as the nerves, muscles, organs, digestive system, brain, and senses, this authoritative book presents iconic examples alongside rarely seen, breathtaking works. The 300 entries are arranged with juxtapositions of contrasting and complementary illustrations to allow for thought-provoking, lively, and stimulating reading.

The fourth volume in the Atlas of Human Central Nervous System Development series, The Human Brain During the Late First Trimester provides new information about features of the perinatal brain. It deals with brain development during the late first trimester (GW11-GW7.5). The major theme of this volume is the identification of stretches and patches (mosaics) of the NEP matrix along the hypertrophied telencephalic, diencephalic, mesencephalic, and rhombencephalic superventricles. Many putative migratory paths of young nerons on their way to their settling sites are also identified. In the younger specimens, the brain sections are presented as they are embedded in the skull and developing facial structures. The older specimens show the onset of development of some of the large fiber tracts. Like the rest of the series, it contains photographs of the entire brain arranged in companion plates that include two parts: a large, high resolution black and white photograph and a "ghost image" of the photograph with unabbreviated labels. It is a user-friendly survey of the complex structural processes that occur during human CNS development. This volume can be purchased as part of the complete five volume set.

Very Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, Inspiring Physiology is the science of life, and sets out to understand how living things work and what makes them distinct from the non-living. It considers how our bodies are supplied with energy, how they maintain their internal parameters, the ways in which we gather and process information, the ways we take action, and the creation of new generations. This Very Short Introduction explores the field of human physiology, considering how the body works, senses, reacts, and defends itself. As Jamie A. Davies shows, human life (and indeed, all life) is sustained by the interplay of a wide variety of physiological mechanisms and principles. He discusses the physiological experiments and research undertaken to understand these processes, and analyses the ethical issues involved. He also considers the evolution of the scientific field itself, showing how enhanced understandings of physiological knowledge can help inform medical research and care. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Thermoregulation is vital for survival but the interplay between toxic insults and thermoregulatory mechanisms is often poorly understood. Temperature and Toxicology: An Integrative, Comparative, and Environmental Approach is the first major text to study the integrative thermoregulatory responses of mammals that are exposed to toxicants. Because environmental physiology is also crucial in toxicological responses, this volume also examines the role of environmental temperature in the modulation of cellular mechanisms of toxicity.The book begins by explaining the importance of temperature in toxicological studies, and how all biological processes are dependent on temperature. It then reviews the basics of temperature regulation in homeotherms and poikilotherms, and addresses whole-animal and in vitro studies related to the effects of temperature on toxicity. The text examines thermoregulatory response to toxic insult, and how responses affect recovery and potential survival. reactions in humans, and discusses the relevance of heat and cold stress on human exposures to airborne pollutants and other toxicants. This volume provides an extensive comparison of physiological responses of invertebrates, fish, amphibians, and mammals, and focuses on the impact of endocrine disruption. It then considers how toxicants and thermal stress cause the expression of stress proteins, followed by a study of the impact of genetic variability. The book concludes with an examination of thermoregulatory response to natural toxins and venoms.FeaturesExplores how human health and susceptibility to toxicants can be strongly linked to environmental temperatureProvides more than 100 figures and 500 references that illustrate mechanisms though which toxicants affect various speciesInvestigates integrative thermoregulatory responses to toxicants, including effects on behavior and motor outputs