This book is a reprint of an English translation of Cajal's original work, with abundant notes and commentaries by the editor. This text describes Cajal's fundamental contributions to neuroscience, which continue to be important today. It accurately details Cajal's ideas and data, and provides readers with the opportunity to learn what Cajal thought about his research career and the significance of his observations. Excerpts from Tello's memorial lectures also provide a contemporary view of Cajal's work.

This is the second in a sesries of books dealing with the enormous clinical problem of spinal cord dysfunction. Volume I discussed assessment; this book focuses on intervention. There are three main approaches to the restoration of function after damage to the spinal cord: the prevention of seconday pathological events; the identification of impaired or absent functions in nerve cells and processes that survive the initial injury; and restoration of severed neuronal connections. This book addresses the first two of these approaches. It contains a discussion of the arguments about early decompression of the spinal cord following injury, therapy of acute spinal injury, and the effects of early treatment and local cooling on spinal cord blood flow. The management of specific problems associated with spinal cord dysfunction is addressed; these problems include cardiovascular abnormalities due to autonomic dysfunction, bladder control, pain, and sexual function. Current procedures of rehabilitation (particularly the management of chronic problems and the treatment of complications) are summarized, and ideas on motor control and learning are discussed.

Applied Radiological Anatomy for Medical Students, first published in 2007, is the definitive atlas of human anatomy, utilizing the complete range of imaging modalities to describe normal anatomy and radiological findings. Initial chapters describe all imaging techniques and introduce the principles of image interpretation. These are followed by comprehensive sections on each anatomical region. Hundreds of high-quality radiographs, MRI, CT and ultrasound images are included, complemented by concise, focussed text. Many images are accompanied by detailed, fully labelled line illustrations to aid interpretation. Written by leading experts and experienced teachers in imaging and anatomy, Applied Radiological Anatomy for Medical Students is an invaluable resource for all students s of anatomy and radiology.

A great deal is now known about the cellular changes which take place in neural circuits and, over the past twenty years, the chick has proved to be an invaluable model for work on memory formation. The prior experience of the chick is controllable in a way that is impossible to match in any other vertebrate, and the pharmacology and phases of memory formation are better established. In addition, the anatomy of the chick brain is now well established, allowing valuable comparisons with animal models. This book reviews all the main aspects of work on learning and plasticity in behaviour and neural mechanisms in the chick, together with related topics such as the development of behaviour and lateralization of function. It is an authoritative reference for researchers who wish to use the chick or to draw on the relevant literature. The aim is to introduce a wider audience to the chick as an experimental model and to describe the way in which it has been used in the investigation of learning and plasticity at every level, from the behavioural to the molecular. The authors are all experts in their field, from laboratories throughout the world. The book will be useful to all researchers in the field and of interest to psychologists, neurophysiologists, and those studying animal behaviour.

This volume discusses current research on glial-neuronal interactions in several neuroendocrine systems. Glial-neuronal bidirectional transmission represents one of the fastest-growing areas of investigation in neuroscience today. Unraveling the interactions and signaling synergy between glial cells and neurons is critical to advancing our understanding of brain function. Consequently, this book summarizes the latest findings on the roles of astrocytes, microglia and tanycytes in the control of synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, blood-brain signaling, neuroinflammation and immune signaling. In addition, leading experts in the field discuss how reproductive function, the stress response and energy homeostasis are regulated by glial-neuronal communication. Given its scope, the book is essential reading for undergraduate and graduate students in the neurosciences, as well as postdoctoral fellows and established researchers who are looking for a comprehensive overview of glial-neuronal crosstalk in neuroendocrine systems. This is the eleventh volume in the International Neuroendocrine Federation (INF) Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology series (Volumes 1-7 published by Wiley), which aims to illustrate the highest standards and highlight the latest technologies in basic and clinical research, and aspires to provide inspiration for further exploration into the exciting field of neuroendocrinology.

An all-in-one illustrated guide to human anatomy with encyclopedic coverage from bones and muscles to systems and processes. This in-depth manual to the human body's physical structure, chemical workings, and potential problems is a must-have reference to help further your studies or knowledge of how our bodies work.

Each page of The Human Body Book, updated to reflect the latest medical advances, is illustrated with colourful and comprehensive diagrams, which are thoroughly annotated to take you right into the cells and fibres that are responsible for keeping the human body ticking.

The opening chapter, Integrated Body, explains how the parts of the body work together at various levels of size and hierarchy to produce the living whole. It also contains an overview of the major body systems, enlivened by real-life 3D medical scans of the entire body. The chapters that follow provide coverage of the body function by function, system by system. Eleven main body systems are covered in turn, with each section ending on common injuries, diseases, and disorders afflicting that system. The book concludes with a chapter on Growth and Development which looks in detail at how the body changes over the course of a human lifespan.

The Ross & Wilson Pocket Reference Guide to Anatomy and Physiology is an exciting new resource which offers over 250 anatomical entries carefully selected for their biological importance and/or clinical relevance. Each piece of carefully crafted artwork is accompanied by helpful summary notes describing key aspects of the relevant anatomy, physiology and clinical application to aid readers with their understanding of the human body. The volume also comes with a helpful online self-assessment program which presents a range of interactive exercises designed to stimulate critical thinking and information recall. Perfect for learning and consolidating knowledge while 'on the go', Ross & Wilson Pocket Reference Guide to Anatomy and Physiology will be ideal for students of nursing and allied health professions, paramedical science, operating department practice, complementary therapy and massage therapy, as well as trainee Health Care Assistants and those studying A' level or BTEC (or equivalent) human biology. Summarizes essential facts from the world's favourite human biology textbook! Presents over 250 key anatomical structures together with 'quick reference' revision notes regarding their structure, function and clinical relevance Straightforward language and user-friendly approach provides a useful, up-to-date aide-memoire in a helpful, easy-to-carry format Helpful website provides a range of self-assessment exercises on anatomy and physiology to help consolidate learning

This book offers readers fresh insights on applying Extended Reality to Digital Anatomy, a novel emerging discipline. Indeed, the way professors teach anatomy in classrooms is changing rapidly as novel technology-based approaches become ever more accessible. Recent studies show that Virtual (VR), Augmented (AR), and Mixed-Reality (MR) can improve both retention and learning outcomes. Readers will find relevant tutorials about three-dimensional reconstruction techniques to perform virtual dissections. Several chapters serve as practical manuals for students and trainers in anatomy to refresh or develop their Digital Anatomy skills. We developed this book as a support tool for collaborative efforts around Digital Anatomy, especially in distance learning, international and interdisciplinary contexts. We aim to leverage source material in this book to support new Digital Anatomy courses and syllabi in interdepartmental, interdisciplinary collaborations. Digital Anatomy - Applications of Virtual, Mixed and Augmented Reality provides a valuable tool to foster cross-disciplinary dialogues between anatomists, surgeons, radiologists, clinicians, computer scientists, course designers, and industry practitioners. It is the result of a multidisciplinary exercise and will undoubtedly catalyze new specialties and collaborative Master and Doctoral level courses world-wide. In this perspective, the UNESCO Chair in digital anatomy was created at the Paris Descartes University in 2015 (www.anatomieunesco.org). It aims to federate the education of anatomy around university partners from all over the world, wishing to use these new 3D modeling techniques of the human body.

This collection of 50 postcards features Katy Wiedemann's stunning anatomical illustrations. Each image vividly captures the beauty and complexity of the human body. Together they make a stylish collection, perfect for sending to friends or pinning on your wall.

This comprehensive Monograph examines all peripheral and central mechanisms of regulating the secretion of milk from the lactating breast. The author reviews the complete female breast development, starting with the early childhood, up to pregnancy and lactation. Structural and ultrastructural data on the alveolar-ductal system, together with details of breast innervation, are used to investigate the physiological process of lactation. Readers will appreciate the special focus on reflexes, both in the child and the mother, that help to regulate maternal milk production and secretion. Following this, the author sheds a light on the composition and dynamics of milk components during the different periods of lactation. The final section of this volume focusses on practical aspects of modern breastfeeding, like the use of breast pumps or galactogogues, to influence the productivity of milk production. These fundamental principles and structural details will be particularly useful for physiologists and clinicians working in gynecology and pediatrics.

Full text, plus anatomical illustrations; plates by great artists showing anatomy. 593 illus.

This book is about doing research, not about the results obtained. Those engaged on their first research may have had plenty of preparation about the techniques and results of prior research related to their proposed study, but may have limited knowledge of the actual strategies employed or pitfalls encountered by others who have conducted successful field and survey studies. In this book, a number of researchers with experience of working on problems including environmental stresses, population genetics, parasitic vectors and vital records describe obstacles encountered and successful strategies used in their own studies and in those of others. One learns to do research by trial and error, but accounts by experienced investigators can supplement what one learns from mentors and fellow students.

Cranial nerves are involved in head and neck function, and processes such as eating, speech and facial expression. This clinically oriented survey of cranial nerve anatomy and function was written for students of medicine, dentistry and speech therapy, but will also be useful for postgraduate physicians and GPs, and specialists in head and neck healthcare (surgeons, dentists, speech therapists etc.). After an introductory section surveying cranial nerve organisation and tricky basics such as ganglia, nuclei and brain stem pathways, the nerves are considered in functional groups: (1) for chewing and facial sensation; (2) for pharynx and larynx, swallowing and phonation; (3) autonomic components, taste and smell; (4) vision and eye movements; and (5) hearing and balance. In each chapter, the main anatomical features of each nerve are followed by clinical aspects and details of clinical testing. Simple line diagrams accompany the text. Detailed anatomy is not given.

Archaeological discoveries of teeth provide remarkable information on humans, animals and the health, hygiene and diet of ancient communities. In this fully revised and updated 2005 edition of his seminal text, Simon Hillson draws together a mass of material from archaeology, anthropology and related disciplines to provide a comprehensive manual on the study of teeth. The range of mammals examined has been extended to include descriptions and line drawings for 325 mammal genera from Europe, North Africa, western, central and northeastern Asia, and North America. The book also introduces dental anatomy and the microscopic structure of dental tissues, explores how the age or season of death is estimated and looks at variations in tooth size and shape. With its detailed descriptions of the techniques and equipment used and its provision of tables and charts, this book is essential reading for students of archaeology, zoology and dental science.

This book seeks to present, through a combination of morphological data and physiological and neurological studies, a comprehensive survey of our knowledge of the human brain. The major emphasis is upon structural organisation, based upon the evolution of this most complex of organs. However, functional aspects, including experimental research and clinical findings, have also been incorporated, broadening the interest for students of neurobiology and clinical medicine.

This second volume of Defining Physiology: Principles, Themes, Concepts. continues on the same format as the first.In this new release, a selection of 44 essential topics in each major organ system is defined, then major themes, concept and principles surrounding these words in their physiologic scenarios are elaborated. For each keyword, a question is posed at the end of the text to test for a better understanding of the associated physiology of nervous and gastrointestinal systems. This book presents an easy reference guide for those just starting out in the area of physiology and for those who are interested in clear and succinct definitions of key terms.

This book explores how daily and seasonal rhythmicity is generated, how these rhythms are synchronised by our environment, and how they regulate the neuroendocrine systems that impact our physiology and behaviour. The constraints of surviving in a seasonal environment have shaped human evolution and migration, have shaped our societies and cultures, and continue to influence our everyday lives, health and wellbeing. Identifying the mechanisms whereby seasonal rhythmicity is generated and regulates the brain and body is not only important for understanding the natural world and relevant to animal production, it also offers many insights into the human condition. Each chapter is written by an international expert in the field of chronobiology. A historical perspective on how research into photoperiodism and rhythmicity progressed is initially provided, but the main focus of this book is on the remarkable studies in the last few decades that have unravelled the molecular and cellular machinery underpinning circadian and circannual timing. Topics covered include the role of melatonin in communicating seasonal information to the brain and pituitary gland, the neuroanatomical pathways in mammals, birds and fish by which changes in photoperiod reach the hypothalamus, the role of glial cells (tanycytes) and thyroid hormone in seasonal rhythmicity, neuroplasticity across seasons, effects of changing day length on mood, regulation of "clock" gene expression, and the role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. This book will appeal to all students and researchers who wish to learn about current and past research on daily and seasonal rhythmicity. This is the tenth volume in the International Neuroendocrine Federation (INF) Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology series (Volumes 1-7 published by Wiley) that aims to illustrate highest standards and encourage the use of the latest technologies in basic and clinical research and hopes to provide inspiration for further exploration into the exciting field of neuroendocrinology.

This is the first textbook to comprehensively cover the experimental methods used in biomechanics. Designed for graduate students and researchers studying human biomechanics at the whole-body level, the book introduces readers to the theory behind the primary data collection methods and primary methods of data processing and analysis used in biomechanics. Each individual chapter covers a different aspect of data collection or data processing, presenting an overview of the topic at hand and explaining the math required for understanding the topic. A series of appendices provide the specific math that is required for understanding the chapter contents. Each chapter leads readers through the techniques used for data collection and processing, providing sufficient theoretical background to understand both the how and why of these techniques. Chapters end with a set of review questions, and then a bibliography which is divided into three sections (cited references, specific references, and useful references). Provides a comprehensive and in depth presentation on methods in whole-body human biomechanics; First textbook to cover both collection and processing in a single volume; Appendices provide the math needed for the main chapters.

The fifth edition of Lachman's Case Studies in Anatomy is a thoroughly revised edition of a popular collection of 50 anatomical cases. Each chapter starts with a clinical case presentation, followed by diagnosis and therapy and then an extensive discussion of the anatomy that is relevant to the case. The patient presentations provide the history and physical examination findings in a format consistent with that which the student will utilize in clinical training. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are discussed have been brought up-to-date and are consistent with current medical practice. Cases represent clinical encounters required in clerkship curricula. This should allow students to draw from this book throughout their four years in medical school. The scope of the book has been expanded to include embryological development by including three new cases of developmental abnormalities. Many new figures and have included many diagnostic images including radiographs, CT scans, MRIs and ultrasounds. To help the reader feel confident that the major anatomical points have been mastered, review questions and answers have been added at the end of each unit.

Experiential anatomy is an embodied learning method that integrates interoceptive awareness and conscious movement to foster whole person healing. As an educational approach, experiential anatomy interweaves focused intellectual learning and gentle somatic inquiry that engages students on multidimensional levels. In Experiential Anatomy as Therapy, Leila draws from over 30 years of experience educating movement professionals to teach embodied movement as therapy. The carefully selected practices presented in this book create therapeutic potential by stimulating awareness and building skills that challenge habitual patterns. In the process of cultivating interoceptive awareness, self-knowledge and self-compassion are reinforced. In this approach, students learn to connect to deeper presence and inner resources that empower them to become active participants in their own healing process. The paradox of experiential anatomy is that working with individual parts can lead to radical shifts in experiencing inherent wholeness. The first chapters explain the principles and framework for teaching experiential anatomy as a tool for transformation. The yogic model of the koshas is introduced as foundational to experiential anatomy as therapy and as an explanation for the energetic, emotional, mental and spiritual effects often generated by physical practices. In subsequent chapters, concise anatomical information is presented, then embodied through somatic explorations that strengthen a felt-sense of anatomical parts and their connection to the whole. This new learning is then integrated into yoga poses and everyday activities like sitting, walking and reaching. The framework of "learn it, feel it, heal it" offers an accessible approach to develop both personal awareness and the knowledge to teach experiential anatomy as therapy. Each chapter offers therapeutic applications to assist movement professionals in integrating experiential anatomy with their existing therapeutic movement resources. Chapters conclude with koshic contemplations to deepen subtle multidimensional aspects of the somatic learning. Although Leila uses yoga therapy as the platform for integration of experiential anatomy, the approach and somatic explorations in this book apply equally to any movement professional interested in embodiment and transformation through movement. Physiotherapists, kinesiologists, bodyworkers, yoga and Pilates teachers, personal trainers and somatic practitioners will all benefit from this book personally and professionally. Videos recorded by the author enhance the experiential practices. Visit www.leilastuart.com

This revision aid is of great practical benefit to all radiology trainees studying for their professional examinations. The carefully structured questions and answers enable trainees to undertake a systematic assessment of their knowledge; they also highlight areas where additional study is required. It is developed to complement its highly illustrated parent text, Applied Radiological Anatomy (Cambridge, 1999); but both books can be used together or independently of one another. The questions posed within are relevant and useful for radiology trainees worldwide.

This multi-authored, multi-institutional, and multi-specialty based text is designed to inform and refresh practitioners who perform facial cosmetic surgery. Divided into three distinct sections for ease of use, the first section focuses exclusively on localized anesthesia for each region of the head and neck. Chapters focus on the techniques that best affect these regions with a chapter closing the first section, on managing potential anesthetic complications. The second section covers the regional anatomy of the face by offering high definition photos of cadaver dissections and anatomic illustrations to highlight pertinent muscle and bone structures. The third and final section combines the skills detailed in the first two sections and applies them to a variety of surgical, cosmetic procedures. In an era of high demand for aesthetic procedures, this text provides a practical and comprehensive look at facial cosmetic surgery to ensure practitioners have the best information available for treating their patients. The editors have extensive academic experience and have authored multiple scientific publications, while the contributions included in the text have been written by experts and leaders in the field. Applied Head and Neck Anatomy for the Facial Cosmetic Surgeon is written for a multi-disciplinary audience including oral & maxillofacial surgeons, plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, cosmetic surgeons, and dentists.

A knowledge of anatomy has always played a vital role in medicine, and is especially important in the everyday practice of anaesthesia. This 2002 text presents the core anatomical knowledge required for the Primary and Final FRCA examinations in a simple and straightforward manner. Adopting the philosophy of the examination itself, where candidates are often required to reproduce simple line drawings to illustrate the depth of their knowledge, the many illustrations in the book are clear and easy to understand at a glance. The illustrations are accompanied by explanatory text throughout and for each anatomical region, sample examination questions are included which follow the format of those asked in the examinations. This book will interest anaesthesia Primary and Final candidates, as well as providing a valuable quick reference for busy anaesthetists at all levels of experience.

This book discusses major changes in our understanding of the most prevalent non-orthopedic, sports-related condition - overtraining syndrome (OTS), arguing that it should be considered as the manifestation of burnout in athletes, rather than simply the result of excessive training. While the chronic adaptations of the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems to exercise are well documented, those of the endocrine system are less well known, and adaptations of the hormonal ranges for athletes are yet to be determined. There is also a lack of standardized diagnostic criteria, consistent assessment methods and biomarkers. This book offers a systematic review of the hormonal aspects of overtraining syndrome, and a comparison with sports-related syndromes triggered by chronic deprivation of different sorts, including the female athlete triad (and its derivative, RED-S) and burnout syndrome of the athlete (BSA). It demonstrates that these conditions, although studied separately from each other, may all be different manifestations of the same condition, leading to 'maladaptive' (dysfunctional forced adaptations to a hostile environment) changes in response to chronic depletion of energy and mechanisms of repair, causing multiple dysfunctions. The author proposes that OTS/Paradoxical Deconditioning Syndrome (PDS), RED-S/TRIAD and BSA are parts of a same condition, or at least a group of similar conditions. Further, the book offers a chronological overview of OTS, based on preliminary research. Given its broad scope, this concise reference book will appeal to a range of health professionals. It allows readers, including those without a strong academic background, to gain a systematic understanding of OTS.

How do electrical activity and calcium signals in neurons influence the secretion of peptide hormones? This volume presents the current state of knowledge regarding the electrical, calcium signaling and synaptic properties of neuroendocrine systems from both vertebrate and invertebrate systems. The contributions span in vivo and in vitro studies that address: state-dependent plasticity, relevance of firing patterns, membrane properties, calcium flux (including dynamic imaging and homeostasis), and molecular mechanisms of exocytosis, including from non-neuronal secretory cells. The chapters focus not only on research results but also on how experiments are conducted using state-of-the-art techniques, and how the resulting data are interpreted. While there are many books on the secretory properties of neurons, this is the first to focus on the distinctive secretory properties of neuroendocrine neurons. Accordingly, it offers an important text for undergraduate and graduate neuroscience students, and will also appeal to established scientists and postdoctoral fellows. This is the eighth volume in the Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology series* - now a co-publication between Springer Nature and the INF (International Neuroendocrine Federation). *Volumes 1-7 published by Wiley