The year 1818 saw the publication of one of the most influential science-fiction stories of all time. Frankenstein: Or, Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley had a huge impact on gothic horror and science-fiction genres, and her creation has become part of our everyday culture, from cartoons to Hallowe'en costumes. Even the name 'Frankenstein' has become a by-word for evil scientists and dangerous experiments. How did a teenager with no formal education come up with the idea for an extraordinary novel such as Frankenstein?

Clues are dotted throughout Georgian science and popular culture. The years before the book's publication saw huge advances in our understanding of the natural sciences, in areas such as electricity and physiology, for example. Sensational science demonstrations caught the imagination of the general public, while the newspapers were full of lurid tales of murderers and resurrectionists.

Making the Monster explores the scientific background behind Mary Shelley's book. Is there any science fact behind the science fiction? And how might a real-life Victor Frankenstein have gone about creating his monster? From tales of volcanic eruptions, artificial life and chemical revolutions, to experimental surgery, 'monsters' and electrical experiments on human cadavers, Kathryn Harkup examines the science and scientists that influenced Shelley, and inspired her most famous creation.

This book is a practical guide to the detection, diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Beginning with an overview of human reproduction, the importance of accurate history taking and examination, and general preconception evaluation, the following chapters discuss the different investigational methods in the assessment of female infertility. The final sections examine male infertility and the role of semen analysis in understanding the potential of fertility. Genetic, environmental and behavioural risk factors are also covered. This comprehensive text is enhanced by clinical images, diagrams and tables. Key Points Practical guide to detection, diagnosis and treatment of infertility Covers assessment of both female and male infertility Covers genetic, environmental and behavioural risk factors Enhanced by clinical images, diagrams and tables

The intimate relationship between form and function inherent in the design of animals is perhaps nowhere more evident than in the musculoskeletal system. In the bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and muscles of all vertebrates there is a graceful and efficient physical order. This book is about how function determines form. It addresses the role of mechanical factors in the development, adaptation, maintenance, ageing and repair of skeletal tissues. The authors refer to this process as mechanobiology and develop their theme within an evolutionary framework. They show how the normal development of skeletal tissues is influenced by mechanical stimulation beginning in the embryo and continuing throughout life into old age. They also show how degenerative disorders such as arthritis and osteoporosis are regulated by the same mechanical processes that influence development and growth. Skeletal Function and Form bridges important gaps among disciplines, providing a common ground for understanding, and will appeal to a wide audience of bioengineers, zoologists, anthropologists, palaeontologists and orthopaedists.

A concise, superbly illustrated (print + electronic) textbook that brings together a reliable, clear and up to date guide to surface anatomy and its underlying gross anatomy, combined with a practical application of ultrasound and other imaging modalities. A thorough understanding of surface anatomy remains a critical part of clinical practice, but with improved imaging technology, portable ultrasound is also fast becoming integral to routine clinical examination and effective diagnosis. This unique new text combines these two essential approaches to effectively understanding clinical anatomy and reflects latest approaches within modern medical curricula. It is tailored specifically to the needs of medical students and doctors in training and will also prove invaluable to the wide range of allied health students and professionals who need a clear understanding of visible and palpable anatomy combined with anatomy as seen on ultrasound. Concise text and high quality illustrations, photographs, CT, MRI and ultrasound scans provide a clear, integrated understanding of the anatomical basis for modern clinical practice Highly accessible and at a level appropriate for medical students and a wide range of allied health students and professionals Reflects current curriculum trend of heavily utilizing living anatomy and ultrasound to learn anatomy Supplementary video content showing live ultrasound scans and guided areas of surface anatomy to bring content to life and reflect current teaching and clinical settings An international advisory panel appointed to add expertise and ensure relevance to the variety of medical and allied health markets Inclusion of latest ultrasound image modalities Designed to complement and enhance the highly successful Gray's family of texts/atlases although also effective as a stand-alone or alongside other established anatomy resources

Systematics has developed rapidly during the past two decades. A multitude of new methods and contributions from a diversity of biological fields including molecular genetics and developmental biology have provided a wealth of phylogenetic hypotheses, some confirming traditional views others contradicting them. Despite such inconsistencies, it is now possible to recognize robust regions of a 'tree of life' and also to identify problematic areas which have yet to be resolved. This is the first book to apply the current state of phylogeny to an evolutionary interpretation of animal organ systems and body architecture, providing alternative theories in those cases of continuing controversy.
Organs do not appear suddenly during evolution; instead they are composed of far simpler structures. In some cases it is even possible to trace particular molecules or physiological pathways as far back as pre-animal history. What emerges is a fascinating picture, showing how animals have combined ancestral and new elements in novel ways to form constantly changing responses to environmental requirements.
The Evolution of Organ Systems starts with a general overview of current animal phylogeny, followed by review of general body organization including symmetry, anteroposterior axis, dorsoventral axis, germ layers, segmentation, and skeletons. Subsequent chapters then provide a detailed description of the individual organ systems themselves - integument, musculature, nervous system, sensory organs, body cavities, excretory system, circulatory system, respiratory system, intestinal system, gonads and gametes. Generously illustrated throughout, this accessible text is suitable for both upper levelundergraduate and graduate students taking courses in animal evolution, organogenesis, animal anatomy, zoology and systematics. It will also be a valuable reference tool for those professional researchers in these fields requiring an authoritative, balanced and up-to-date overview of the topic.

This text, suitable for graduates and researchers in physiology and biophysics and medical students specialising in neurophysiology and related fields, provides a comprehensive discussion of biological mass transfer and bioelectrical phenomena. Emphasis has been given to the applicability of physics, physical chemistry and mathematics to the quantitative analysis of biological processes, with all the necessary mathematical grounding provided in Chapter 1. The quantitative analysis is broken into four key stages: - Formulation of a biological/biophysical model - Derivation of the associated mathematical description of the model - Solution of the mathematical expression - Interpretation of the mathematical solution to a biological explanation This book guides the student through these stages, which are central to the understanding of cell membrane functions.

The "New York Times" bestseller - with a new afterword about early specialization in youth sports.
The debate is as old as physical competition. Are stars like Usain Bolt, Michael Phelps, and Serena Williams genetic freaks put on Earth to dominate their respective sports? Or are they simply normal people who overcame their biological limits through sheer force of will and obsessive training?
In this controversial and engaging exploration of athletic success and the so-called 10,000-hour rule, David Epstein tackles the great nature vs. nurture debate and traces how far science has come in solving it. Through on-the-ground reporting from below the equator and above the Arctic Circle, revealing conversations with leading scientists and Olympic champions, and interviews with athletes who have rare genetic mutations or physical traits, Epstein forces us to rethink the very nature of athleticism.

Gray's Anatomy is probably one of the most iconic scientific books ever published: an illustrated textbook of anatomy that is still a household name 150 years since its first edition, known for its rigorously scientific text, and masterful illustrations as beautiful as they are detailed. The Making of Mr Gray's Anatomy tells the story of the creation of this remarkable book, and the individuals who made it happen: Henry Gray, the bright and ambitious physiologist, poised for medical fame and fortune, who was the book's author; Carter, the brilliant young illustrator, lacking Gray's social advantages, shy and inclined to religious introspection; and the publishers - Parkers, father and son, the father eager to employ new technology, the son part of a lively circle of intellectuals. It is the story of changing attitudes in the mid-19th century; of the social impact of science, the changing status of medicine; of poverty and class; of craftsmanship and technology. And it all unfolds in the atmospheric milieu of Victorian London - taking the reader from the smart townhouses of Belgravia, to the dissection room of St George's Hospital, and to the workhouses and mortuaries where we meet the friendless poor who would ultimately be immortalised in Carter's engravings. Alongside the story of the making of the book itself, Ruth Richardson reflects on what made Gray's Anatomy such a unique intellectual, artistic, and cultural achievement - how it represented a summation of a long half century's blossoming of anatomical knowledge and exploration, and how it appeared just at the right time to become the 'Doctor's Bible' for generations of medics to follow.

Our faces play essential roles in defining us as individuals. They are the most immediately identifiable parts of our bodies. We use our faces to communicate emotions and to interact socially. Sometimes, despite our intentions, our faces reveal our thoughts even when we do not speak. In several medical conditions, the facial aspect confirms diagnosis, and while surgical alteration of craniofacial anomalies can do much to normalize appearance, patients are always confronted with the question of what is normal, and with the fact that beauty itself may be nothing more than a culturally determined concept.
This book explores a range of distinct yet related perspectives on the face--the evolutionary, the developmental, the anatomic, the dysmorphic and genetic, the surgical, the psychological; the sociocultural, and the artistic. As a cross-disciplinary study, it is the first to comprehensively address the question of what constitutes a face, and to span the gap between symbolic interpretation and scientific fact. Both broadly informative and in-depth in its discussions, this highly readable book will be of interest to biologists, geneticists, plastic surgeons, craniofacial surgeons, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and others with a special interest in the face.

This volume of Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology is based on material assembled by Dr. Jaap H.R. Schoen. Jaap Schoen published his results only partially himself (see Schoen's references in the preface of Usunoff et al. 1997). After his sudden death, due to a diving accident, Jan Voogd and Hans Feirabend of our Neuroregulation group encompassed his cerebellar results in the chapter on the cerebellum and precerebellar nuclei in Paxinos' The Human Nervous System (Voogd et al. 1990), while Kamen Usunoff and myself grouped Schoen's trigeminal results and presented them together with the background of the outcome of recent animal trigeminal experiments in Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology 136 (Usunoff et al. 1997). Jaap Schoen described his series thoroughly and worked them out in serial drawings of the most important sections. Numerous scientists have consulted this material. Together with the abstracts of the Dutch Anatomical Society and ha- ?nished descriptions of the different parts of the central nervous system for his thesis, the patternofhis resultsemerged. A large series of results are available that still have to be published. Since Jaap Schoen "was one of the few neuroanatomists to apply the Nauta method to - man material" (Voogd et al. 1990), his results are highly important for human neuroanatomy. This monograph contains part of his material. Some repetition, - pecially of ?gures, is inevitably due to the dispersed publication of Schoen's results in various books, monographs, articles, and abstracts (see Usunoff et al. 1997).

Serge Tixa presents in this highly popular book a method of palpatory anatomy called Manual Exploration of Surface Anatomy (MESA). MESA locates anatomical structures important to clinical examination allowing careful selection of the most appropriate manual therapy technique or manoeuvre. The new edition presents precisely and visually the various anatomical structures with the help of more than 130 colour illustrations and close to 900 black and white photographs. For every photograph showing an anatomical structure accessible to palpation, a model whose physique shows the structure clearly has been chosen. Each chapter has up to four subsections, treating the various aspects of each body region. These cover osteology, myology (musculotendinous structures), arthrology (joints and ligaments) and lastly nerves and blood vessels. Each photograph is carefully presented and accompanied by a section of text describing the method of approach to finding the structure concerned. Whenever necessary, reminders, essential for the proper use of the methods of approach (attachments, actions and innervations) are included. Clinical notes highlight the link between palpation and clinical diagnoses. Atlas of Surface Palpation: Anatomy of the Neck, Trunk, Upper and Lower Limbs is aimed at students and practitioners who need a method of applied anatomy in their practice. All new artwork programme enhances accessibility and learning Useful template approach aids ready understanding and allows the reader to go at his or her own speed Presents almost 600 photographs and line artworks to render the learning experience as easy as possible Contains over 160 pull out boxes to act as useful aide memoires Clinical Hints and Tips boxes indicate points of relevance for the clinic Methods of approach illustrated with many new photographs Anatomical drawings have been completely redesigned to improve clarity Clinical Notes boxes Glossary Inclusion of Dermatomes

A comprehensive collection of 50 anatomical charts of the human body. This hardcover portfolio provides a valuable anatomical resource offering a comprehensive look at human anatomy as well as describing many conditions, systems and diseases. The 50 plates are spiral bound, allowing plates to lay flat for easy examination and the vivid illustrations present each topic in a concise form. This portfolio has a place on the school library shelf, a physicians office or at home with the family's other information resources. LIST OF PLATES: skeletal system; understanding the hip and knee; understanding the shoulder and elbow; understanding the foot and ankle; understanding the hand and wrist; osteoarthritis; understanding the spine; male muscular system; female muscular system; rheumatoid arthritis; understanding osteoporosis; respiratory system; understanding asthma; COPD; the effects of smoking; understanding rhinitis; the common cold vs the flu; the heart; high blood pressure; effects of hypertension; understanding angina; understanding heart disease; understanding stroke; digestive system; understanding GERD; understanding IBS; diseases of the digestive system; the vascular system; understanding diabetes; understanding cholesterol; understanding DVT; the effects of alcohol; the brain; understanding CNS; the liver; understanding hepatitis; the kidney; the endocrine system; the eye; understanding glaucoma; the ear; middle ear infections; understanding the teeth; the lymphatic system; the nervous system; understanding skin; male reproductive system; understanding the prostate; female reproductive system; understanding menopause.

Our bodies are the only things we ever truly own, yet most of of us haven't got a clue what they are made of and how they manage to grow, thrive and survive everything we chuck at them. In this delightful little book, the smallest of its kind ever produced, Dr Betts tells the incredible story of the human body, and how it got to where it is today. With useful appendices and a glossary. WOODEN BOOKS are small but packed with information. "...short and witty ...beautiful woodcuts ...a distillation of ancient alchemical tomes ...rich and artful ..." - THE LANCET. "Fascinating" FINANCIAL TIMES. "Beautiful" LONDON REVIEW OF BOOKS. "Genuinely mind-expanding" FORTEAN TIMES. "Excellent" NEW SCIENTIST. "Stunning" NEW YORK TIMES. Small books, big ideas.

Abrahams' and McMinn's Clinical Atlas of Human Anatomy, 8th Edition delivers the straightforward visual guidance you need to perform confidently in all examinations and understand spatial relationships required during your medical training, while also acquiring the practical anatomical knowledge needed for your future clinical career. Respected authority Prof. Peter Abrahams and his team of leading international anatomists and radiologists link a vast collection of clinical images to help you master all the essential correlations between the basic science of anatomy and its clinical practice. See what to look for and how to proceed thanks to an unsurpassed collection of labelled dissection photographs, supported by clear, explanatory diagrams and modern imaging Correlate anatomy to clinical practice with a wealth of MR, CT, DSA, radiographic, endoscopic, and operative images that demonstrate how structures are viewed today in the clinical setting Thoroughly revised and updated throughout, including: brand new dissections, to further improve clarity and consistency throughout the book in every region all new colour overlays added to selected dissections making it even easier to identify key nerves, arteries, veins and especially lymphatics fully revised neuroanatomy content reflects the latest understanding of functional neuroanatomy as seen with modern 3D and functional imaging updated and coloured and a unique lymphatics section Includes access to the complete, enhanced eBook - unlocking a huge, carefully-selected collection of BONUS CLINICAL material, integrated throughout on almost every page to enhance your study and help make those essential clinical / anatomical connections. This sets Abrahams' and McMinn's apart from any other atlases of human anatomy! 200+ 3D scans,- allowing you to view the body in a more dynamic way to aid your understanding of dynamic anatomy. Master the 500 clinical conditions every physician should know by reviewing the associated clinical topics - featuring over 2000 additional clinical photos, radiological images, and case presentations not found in the printed book. Learn from the culmination of over 45 years international clinical experience of Prof. Abrahams and over 100 of his colleagues worldwide who have contributed to this unique collection of clinical anatomy images.

This Second Edition of the Hip and Knee Anatomical Chart is completely updated The main figure shows basic skeletal and ligament anatomy. Detail on the hip joint is provided with lateral, anterior, and posterior views. The chart shows bones and ligaments and also illustrates movement of the hip: adduction, abduction, extension, and flexion. Various views of the knee are shown oblique, anterior (patella removed), and posterior. Bones and ligaments are shown, and the posterior view also includes popliteus muscle. Line drawing figures illustrate flexion and extension movement of the knee joint.

It was with great pleasure that I accepted Professor Wackenheim's invitation to write the preface of this most interesting monograph. During the international course on neuroradiology in Obernai, organized by Professor Wackenheim in 1978, an entire day was devoted to discussions about various aspects of stenosis of the lumbar vertebral canal. As Professor Wackenheim and his group, in particular Dr. E. Babin, had thorough. ly studied this field, it was an excellent occasion for the exchange of views through personal contact. Their support of basic views such as attributing the cause of stenosis to a developmental disturbance of growth of the neural element - the vertebral arc- and spontaneous agreement about essentials in classification and nomenclature facili tated this exchange. Reading the present monograph made me think back to 1949 when I wrote my first publication on stenosis of the lumbar vertebral canal in a French volume that com memorated my teacher in neurosurgery, Professor Clovis Vincent. During the following years it was impossible to publish a more detailed paper on the subject in international journals since their editorial boards did not believe in its occurrence. My first English papers were published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (1954, 1955), but it was only during the 1970s that this form of stenosis became more universally recog nized."

MBRYOLOGY studies the succession of transformations undergone by the fertilized E egg in the formation of a new individual. Development of the embryo is directed by morphogenetic mechanisms ruled by a strict chronology. Survival of the egg, its transport in the genital tract, and the adaptation of the maternal orga nism to its presence are controlled by hormonal actions. Knowledge of these subjects is proving to be increasingly important for the medical practitioner. Such information helps to explain anatomic correlations; organ relation ships also illuminate the etiology of numerous pathologic conditions. Disturbances of prenatal development engender congenital malformations and constitute an important cause of perinatal mortality and postnatal morbidity. Our goal in preparing Volume I was to introduce the student to the complex pheno mena of embryonic development in a clear and direct way. We tried to present an overall view of the simultaneous nature of the multiple and rapid events in embryogenesis. Also, we thought it appropriate to treat certain topics in depth, becallse of their difficulty, or their physiological or pathological implications. Thus, gastrulation and formation of the body shape, including flexion, which are par ticularly dynamic processes, can best be understood by following their sequences in detail. Special attention '}Jas also devoted to the placenta, since it assures the functions of nutrition, respiration, and excretion. It is also an endocrine gland upon which the hor monal equilibrium of pregnancy depends.

Derived from the leading dissection atlas Anatomy: A Photographic Atlas by Johannes W. Rohen, Chihiro Yokochi, and Elke Lutjen-Drecoll, these flash cards showcase full-color photographs of actual cadaver dissections. 220 cards, labeled for self-testing, serve as a practical tool to help students prepare for the dissection lab and the operating room. Now includes review questions and additional clinical anatomy. 220 full-color photographs present exquisitely dissected cadavers. Ideal study aid to review recently dissected regions and to prepare for practical exams. Includes a key ring and hole-punched corners for easy organization and on-the-go portability.

This graduate text, suitable for students in physiology and biophysics, and medical students specializing in neurophysiology and related fields, is a comprehensive discussion of biological mass transfer and bioelectrical phenomena. Emphasis is given to the applicability of physics, physical chemistry and mathematics to the quantitative analysis of biological processes, with all the necessary mathematical grounding provided in Chapter 1. This book guides the student through four key stages of quantitative analysis, which are central to the understanding of cell membrane functions.

What happens to your body after you have died? Fertilizer? Crash Test Dummy? Human Dumpling? Ballistics Practise? Life after death is not as simple as it looks. Mary Roach's Stiff lifts the lid off what happens to our bodies once we have died. Bold, original and with a delightful eye for detail, Roach tells us everything we wanted to know about this new frontier in medical science. Interweaving present-day explorations with a history of past attempts to study what it means to be human Stiff is a deliciously dark investigations for readers of popular science as well as fans of the macabre. 'Spry, common, sharp-witted survey brings a whole new meaning to the phrase "Life after death"' Sunday Times 'One of the funniest and most unusual books of the year' Entertainment Weekly 'Every chapter packed with more arresting details elegantly humourously expressed than one can hope for' Sunday Telegraph

The human brain is a most remarkable organ, but how well do we really understand the way it works? What is a brain and what is the mind? Do you only use 10% of your brain? Why do some people hear colour? If you find yourself seeking the answers to these questions and many more, then Simply The Brain may be the book for you! Simply The Brain explores everything that goes on in the brain when you think, feel, and perceive the world around you. If you're seeking a guide that breaks down the inner workings of the mind and the brain, in a way that is easy to understand and jargon-free, then this essential guide is packed with everything you need to understand the basics quickly and easily. Covering more than 90 key ideas from neurons and nerves to forming memories and brain implants, each pared-back entry explains the concept more clearly than ever before. Dive straight in to discover: - Simple, easy-to-understand graphics help to explain more than 90 key concepts - Covers all aspects the brain to give a brief overview of this complex subject - Concise explanations quickly convey the most important information Combining bold, elegant graphics with easy-to-understand text, Simply The Brain is the perfect introduction to the subject for those who are short of time but hungry for knowledge, so if you're interested in neuroscience or curious about how the mind works - then this is the book for you!

Medical texts provide a powerful means of accessing contemporary perceptions of illness and through them assumptions about the nature of the body and identity. By mapping these perceptions, from their nineteenth-century focus on illness located in a biological body through to their 'discovery' of the psycho-social patient of the late twentieth century, a history of identity, both physical and psychological, is revealed.

This revision of the book originally published in 1980 is the result of a collaboration among scientists from 10 countries. The authors include not only pathologists but also a urologist and a basic scientist. The second edition - containing 146 colour photographs - is considerably more extensive than its predecessor. A number of new entities, unrecognized in 1980, are included: prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, which is commonly associated with carcinoma and may also be seen in a biopsy for elevated PSA; basal cell carcinoma; small cell carcinoma; paracrine-endocrine elements; variants of carcinoma; and stromal sarcoma. The criteria for the diagnosis of carcinoma have been expanded, including the minimal criteria. The Gleason grading system, based on growth pattern, is presented in detail. The WHO grading system, based on nuclear anaplasia and glandular differentiation, is more clearly defined.