This expert volume in the Diagnostic Pathology series is an excellent point-of-care resource for practitioners and trainees at all levels of experience and training. Covering all aspects of cytology, including gynecologic, non-gynecologic exfoliative, fine-needle aspiration, and imaging, it incorporates the most recent scientific and technical knowledge in the field to provide a comprehensive overview of all key issues relevant to today's practice. Richly illustrated and easy to use, Diagnostic Pathology: Cytopathology, third edition, is a visually stunning, one-stop resource for every practicing pathologist, cytotechnologist, resident, cytopathology fellow, and cytotechnology student as an ideal day-to-day reference or as a reliable training resource. Covers all areas of cytopathology, including clinical, radiologic, and immunohistochemical as well as cytopathologic features and molecular correlates where applicable Contains new chapters on ancillary molecular tests specific to thyroid, prognostic/therapy-related immunomarkers in cell blocks, and small biopsies Provides new immunohistochemical and molecular coverage, including new immunostains and genomic targets Incorporates new reporting terminology (such as serous fluid and effusions) and updates to existing reporting terminologies Reflects the expanded use of fine-needle aspiration for small biopsies (FNA-B) with many more images added and updated throughout Keeps you up-to-date with current and emerging reporting systems on pancreaticobiliary, salivary, breast, and soft tissue cytology Features more than 3,000 print and online images, including carefully annotated histology and gross pathology photos, full-color illustrations, clinical photographs, and radiologic images to help practicing and in-training pathologists reach a confident diagnosis Includes new videos on such topics as the cytoprepratory process, cell transfer cell block and smears, collodion bag cell block, and more Employs consistently templated chapters, bulleted content, key facts, a variety of tables, annotated images, pertinent references, and an extensive index for quick, expert cytopathology reference at the point of care Includes an eBook version that enables you to access all text, figures, and references with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud

The Understanding the Shoulder & Elbow chart presents an in-depth look at the structure of the shoulder and elbow joints. The main image shows the skeletal structure of both joints with ligaments. Smaller views illustrate the two joints without ligaments. Heavy gauge 3ml lamination with sealed edges and two metal eyelets for hanging makes chart highly durable. Write-on/wipe-off with dry erase marker (not included).

Truly international, this extensive text combines the efforts of eight laboratories from seven countries in investigating the study of problems of manipulation, orienting, and navigating in humans and animals. The novel, multidisciplinary approach places the study of multisensory control of movement in a three-dimensional frame, with reference to computer models and neuronal mechanisms. Of interest to researchers, clinicians, and advanced students in neuroscience, psychology, and neurology, the text also has important implications for researchers in biomedical engineering and robotics.

Successful transplantation depends on the minimization of immunological differences between the donor and recipient tissues. These differences are based on polymorphisms of the human major histocompatibility complex and play a key role in determining the acceptance or rejection of allografts during transplantation. This important work describes methods for the investigation of these polymorphisms at the gene and protein levels and their application to the clinical transplantation of human organs and bone marrow. There is currently no other text available covering these up-to-date serological and molecular techniques in this area of immunogenetics, despite their importance to fundamental research, clinical practice and forensic medicine.

A new basic textbook of outstanding quality for optometrists, dispensing opticians and the eye-care professions. Macroscopic and microscopic detail is presented, with extra ultrastructural and biochemical elements in sufficient depth to gain a sound understanding of the visual apparatus and its anomalies. Specially drawn illustrations are supplemented by colored photographs of special features.

Acquired chromosome abnormalities are associated with malignancy, exposure to mutagenic agents, and some chromosome instability syndromes. Their study often entails extensive modification of standard cytogenetic techniques as well as a very different approach to analysis. This is the first comprehensive manual of techniques for the study of acquired chromosome abnormalities, and as such will be an invaluable source of information for cytogeneticists, hematologists, and oncologists. Since the interpretation of chromosome preparations is notoriously difficult in some of these conditions, illustrations, both diagrammatic and photographic, of all chromosome rearrangements discussed are an important feature of this book. In addition to basic techniques, the book takes a futuristic look at new technology which is becoming important in the study of cytogenetics, particularly in the field of cancer research.

This chart shows the location of various joints and provides anterior and posterior views of the left shoulder, right hip, right knee, and left elbow. The chart also illustrates lateral and medial views of the left elbow and ankle joint and shows superficial volar, deep dorsal, and superfical dorsal views of the left wrist. "Three dimensions let you feel texture and form. Three-dimensional images, bold titles, and clear, easy-to-read labels make it easy and fun to learn about the body. The durable, lightweight, non-toxic, recyclable plastic will last indefinitely. The chart has a hole at the top for easy wall hanging, and will also stand up on an easel.

Although most often considered in terms of the generation of action potentials, there are several other electrical, metabolic and ionic correlates of neuronal activity. This book draws together in a single volume, ten different facets of the activity of nerve cells. There are chapters on the monitoring of extracellular unit activity, intracellular voltage and current clamping, patch clamping, video imaging, in vivo voltammetry, intracerebral dialysis, antibody micro- and ion-selective electrodes. The techniques described range from the well-established to the experimental. In each case the chapters include up-to-date information, methodological tips and detailed protocols allowing the reader to follow each method in a stepwise fashion. The wide range of techniques in the book should be of interest to neuroscientists, whether concerned with traditional or novel indices on neuronal function.

BL The first book devoted to human baroreflexes A comprehensive review of baroreflex involvement in human diseases, this book places the most recent understanding of human physiology solidly in the context of knowledge from animals. This book secures a place for human studies in the understanding of baroreflex physiology and pathophysiology and celebrates the advances made. By describing clearly the existing deficiencies in the understanding of baroreflex mechanisms, it points a way for future research in this exciting and important area of medical science. Nerve endings in the walls of the carotid sinuses and the aortic arch transduce arterial pressure changes and provide the central nervous system with a steady stream of encoded information. On the basis of this information, efferent autonomic neural activity is modulated finely, and the neurohumoral milieu of the heart and blood vessels is adjusted on a second-to-second basis. The arterial baroreflex may be the most important of the cardiovascular control mechanisms, because the baroreflex, above all other reflex mechanisms is the one whose speed is most adequate to respond rapidly to the abrupt transients of arterial pressure that occur in daily life. This book will help to fix a place for human studies in the understanding of baroreflex physiology and pathophysiology. It is intended as a celebration of the advances that have been made and, by describing clearly the existing deficiencies in the understanding of baroreflex mechanisms, it points a way for future research in this exciting and important area of medical science.

This book is a reprint of an English translation of Cajal's original work, with abundant notes and commentaries by the editor. This text describes Cajal's fundamental contributions to neuroscience, which continue to be important today. It accurately details Cajal's ideas and data, and provides readers with the opportunity to learn what Cajal thought about his research career and the significance of his observations. Excerpts from Tello's memorial lectures also provide a contemporary view of Cajal's work.

This is the second in a sesries of books dealing with the enormous clinical problem of spinal cord dysfunction. Volume I discussed assessment; this book focuses on intervention. There are three main approaches to the restoration of function after damage to the spinal cord: the prevention of seconday pathological events; the identification of impaired or absent functions in nerve cells and processes that survive the initial injury; and restoration of severed neuronal connections. This book addresses the first two of these approaches. It contains a discussion of the arguments about early decompression of the spinal cord following injury, therapy of acute spinal injury, and the effects of early treatment and local cooling on spinal cord blood flow. The management of specific problems associated with spinal cord dysfunction is addressed; these problems include cardiovascular abnormalities due to autonomic dysfunction, bladder control, pain, and sexual function. Current procedures of rehabilitation (particularly the management of chronic problems and the treatment of complications) are summarized, and ideas on motor control and learning are discussed.

Applied Radiological Anatomy for Medical Students, first published in 2007, is the definitive atlas of human anatomy, utilizing the complete range of imaging modalities to describe normal anatomy and radiological findings. Initial chapters describe all imaging techniques and introduce the principles of image interpretation. These are followed by comprehensive sections on each anatomical region. Hundreds of high-quality radiographs, MRI, CT and ultrasound images are included, complemented by concise, focussed text. Many images are accompanied by detailed, fully labelled line illustrations to aid interpretation. Written by leading experts and experienced teachers in imaging and anatomy, Applied Radiological Anatomy for Medical Students is an invaluable resource for all students s of anatomy and radiology.

A great deal is now known about the cellular changes which take place in neural circuits and, over the past twenty years, the chick has proved to be an invaluable model for work on memory formation. The prior experience of the chick is controllable in a way that is impossible to match in any other vertebrate, and the pharmacology and phases of memory formation are better established. In addition, the anatomy of the chick brain is now well established, allowing valuable comparisons with animal models. This book reviews all the main aspects of work on learning and plasticity in behaviour and neural mechanisms in the chick, together with related topics such as the development of behaviour and lateralization of function. It is an authoritative reference for researchers who wish to use the chick or to draw on the relevant literature. The aim is to introduce a wider audience to the chick as an experimental model and to describe the way in which it has been used in the investigation of learning and plasticity at every level, from the behavioural to the molecular. The authors are all experts in their field, from laboratories throughout the world. The book will be useful to all researchers in the field and of interest to psychologists, neurophysiologists, and those studying animal behaviour.

The Ross & Wilson Pocket Reference Guide to Anatomy and Physiology is an exciting new resource which offers over 250 anatomical entries carefully selected for their biological importance and/or clinical relevance. Each piece of carefully crafted artwork is accompanied by helpful summary notes describing key aspects of the relevant anatomy, physiology and clinical application to aid readers with their understanding of the human body. The volume also comes with a helpful online self-assessment program which presents a range of interactive exercises designed to stimulate critical thinking and information recall. Perfect for learning and consolidating knowledge while 'on the go', Ross & Wilson Pocket Reference Guide to Anatomy and Physiology will be ideal for students of nursing and allied health professions, paramedical science, operating department practice, complementary therapy and massage therapy, as well as trainee Health Care Assistants and those studying A' level or BTEC (or equivalent) human biology. Summarizes essential facts from the world's favourite human biology textbook! Presents over 250 key anatomical structures together with 'quick reference' revision notes regarding their structure, function and clinical relevance Straightforward language and user-friendly approach provides a useful, up-to-date aide-memoire in a helpful, easy-to-carry format Helpful website provides a range of self-assessment exercises on anatomy and physiology to help consolidate learning

This volume discusses current research on glial-neuronal interactions in several neuroendocrine systems. Glial-neuronal bidirectional transmission represents one of the fastest-growing areas of investigation in neuroscience today. Unraveling the interactions and signaling synergy between glial cells and neurons is critical to advancing our understanding of brain function. Consequently, this book summarizes the latest findings on the roles of astrocytes, microglia and tanycytes in the control of synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, blood-brain signaling, neuroinflammation and immune signaling. In addition, leading experts in the field discuss how reproductive function, the stress response and energy homeostasis are regulated by glial-neuronal communication. Given its scope, the book is essential reading for undergraduate and graduate students in the neurosciences, as well as postdoctoral fellows and established researchers who are looking for a comprehensive overview of glial-neuronal crosstalk in neuroendocrine systems. This is the eleventh volume in the International Neuroendocrine Federation (INF) Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology series (Volumes 1-7 published by Wiley), which aims to illustrate the highest standards and highlight the latest technologies in basic and clinical research, and aspires to provide inspiration for further exploration into the exciting field of neuroendocrinology.

Anatomy & Physiology: A Complete Introduction is designed to give you everything you need to succeed, all in one place. It covers the key areas that students are expected to be confident in, outlining the basics in clear, jargon-free English and providing added-value features like summaries of key books and even lists of questions you might be asked in your seminar or exam. The book uses a structure that mirrors the way anatomy & physiology is taught on many university courses, providing a comprehensive introduction to the structure and function of the human body. Extensively illustrated, the book also covers modern methods of investigation, relevant aspects of modern genetics, sports injuries, environmental and evolutionary considerations, and the physiological aspects of AIDS. Topics covered include: cells and tissues; the skeleton; muscle; body coverings and body systems; the upper limb; the lower limb; the abdomen; the thorax; the head and neck; basic biophysics and chemistry; foodstuffs and vitamins; digestion; absorption, utilization and storage of digested food; blood, lymph and reticuloendothelial (immune) system; the heart and circulation; respiration; excretion; nervous system and sense organs; the endocrine system; reproduction and development; environmental considerations; evolution. Anatomy & Physiology employs the 'Breakthrough Method' to help you advance quickly at any subject, whether you're studing for an exam or just for your own interst. The Breakthrough Method is designed to overcome typical problems you'll face as learn new concepts and skills. - Problem: "I find it difficult to remember what I've read."; Solution: this book includes end-of-chapter summaries and questions to test your understanding. - Problem: "Lots of introductory books turn out to cover totally different topics than my course."; Solution: this book is written by a university lecturer who understands what students are expected to know.

This book offers readers fresh insights on applying Extended Reality to Digital Anatomy, a novel emerging discipline. Indeed, the way professors teach anatomy in classrooms is changing rapidly as novel technology-based approaches become ever more accessible. Recent studies show that Virtual (VR), Augmented (AR), and Mixed-Reality (MR) can improve both retention and learning outcomes. Readers will find relevant tutorials about three-dimensional reconstruction techniques to perform virtual dissections. Several chapters serve as practical manuals for students and trainers in anatomy to refresh or develop their Digital Anatomy skills. We developed this book as a support tool for collaborative efforts around Digital Anatomy, especially in distance learning, international and interdisciplinary contexts. We aim to leverage source material in this book to support new Digital Anatomy courses and syllabi in interdepartmental, interdisciplinary collaborations. Digital Anatomy - Applications of Virtual, Mixed and Augmented Reality provides a valuable tool to foster cross-disciplinary dialogues between anatomists, surgeons, radiologists, clinicians, computer scientists, course designers, and industry practitioners. It is the result of a multidisciplinary exercise and will undoubtedly catalyze new specialties and collaborative Master and Doctoral level courses world-wide. In this perspective, the UNESCO Chair in digital anatomy was created at the Paris Descartes University in 2015 (www.anatomieunesco.org). It aims to federate the education of anatomy around university partners from all over the world, wishing to use these new 3D modeling techniques of the human body.

This comprehensive Monograph examines all peripheral and central mechanisms of regulating the secretion of milk from the lactating breast. The author reviews the complete female breast development, starting with the early childhood, up to pregnancy and lactation. Structural and ultrastructural data on the alveolar-ductal system, together with details of breast innervation, are used to investigate the physiological process of lactation. Readers will appreciate the special focus on reflexes, both in the child and the mother, that help to regulate maternal milk production and secretion. Following this, the author sheds a light on the composition and dynamics of milk components during the different periods of lactation. The final section of this volume focusses on practical aspects of modern breastfeeding, like the use of breast pumps or galactogogues, to influence the productivity of milk production. These fundamental principles and structural details will be particularly useful for physiologists and clinicians working in gynecology and pediatrics.

Cranial nerves are involved in head and neck function, and processes such as eating, speech and facial expression. This clinically oriented survey of cranial nerve anatomy and function was written for students of medicine, dentistry and speech therapy, but will also be useful for postgraduate physicians and GPs, and specialists in head and neck healthcare (surgeons, dentists, speech therapists etc.). After an introductory section surveying cranial nerve organisation and tricky basics such as ganglia, nuclei and brain stem pathways, the nerves are considered in functional groups: (1) for chewing and facial sensation; (2) for pharynx and larynx, swallowing and phonation; (3) autonomic components, taste and smell; (4) vision and eye movements; and (5) hearing and balance. In each chapter, the main anatomical features of each nerve are followed by clinical aspects and details of clinical testing. Simple line diagrams accompany the text. Detailed anatomy is not given.

This book is about doing research, not about the results obtained. Those engaged on their first research may have had plenty of preparation about the techniques and results of prior research related to their proposed study, but may have limited knowledge of the actual strategies employed or pitfalls encountered by others who have conducted successful field and survey studies. In this book, a number of researchers with experience of working on problems including environmental stresses, population genetics, parasitic vectors and vital records describe obstacles encountered and successful strategies used in their own studies and in those of others. One learns to do research by trial and error, but accounts by experienced investigators can supplement what one learns from mentors and fellow students.

Archaeological discoveries of teeth provide remarkable information on humans, animals and the health, hygiene and diet of ancient communities. In this fully revised and updated 2005 edition of his seminal text, Simon Hillson draws together a mass of material from archaeology, anthropology and related disciplines to provide a comprehensive manual on the study of teeth. The range of mammals examined has been extended to include descriptions and line drawings for 325 mammal genera from Europe, North Africa, western, central and northeastern Asia, and North America. The book also introduces dental anatomy and the microscopic structure of dental tissues, explores how the age or season of death is estimated and looks at variations in tooth size and shape. With its detailed descriptions of the techniques and equipment used and its provision of tables and charts, this book is essential reading for students of archaeology, zoology and dental science.

This book seeks to present, through a combination of morphological data and physiological and neurological studies, a comprehensive survey of our knowledge of the human brain. The major emphasis is upon structural organisation, based upon the evolution of this most complex of organs. However, functional aspects, including experimental research and clinical findings, have also been incorporated, broadening the interest for students of neurobiology and clinical medicine.

This second volume of Defining Physiology: Principles, Themes, Concepts. continues on the same format as the first.In this new release, a selection of 44 essential topics in each major organ system is defined, then major themes, concept and principles surrounding these words in their physiologic scenarios are elaborated. For each keyword, a question is posed at the end of the text to test for a better understanding of the associated physiology of nervous and gastrointestinal systems. This book presents an easy reference guide for those just starting out in the area of physiology and for those who are interested in clear and succinct definitions of key terms.

This book explores how daily and seasonal rhythmicity is generated, how these rhythms are synchronised by our environment, and how they regulate the neuroendocrine systems that impact our physiology and behaviour. The constraints of surviving in a seasonal environment have shaped human evolution and migration, have shaped our societies and cultures, and continue to influence our everyday lives, health and wellbeing. Identifying the mechanisms whereby seasonal rhythmicity is generated and regulates the brain and body is not only important for understanding the natural world and relevant to animal production, it also offers many insights into the human condition. Each chapter is written by an international expert in the field of chronobiology. A historical perspective on how research into photoperiodism and rhythmicity progressed is initially provided, but the main focus of this book is on the remarkable studies in the last few decades that have unravelled the molecular and cellular machinery underpinning circadian and circannual timing. Topics covered include the role of melatonin in communicating seasonal information to the brain and pituitary gland, the neuroanatomical pathways in mammals, birds and fish by which changes in photoperiod reach the hypothalamus, the role of glial cells (tanycytes) and thyroid hormone in seasonal rhythmicity, neuroplasticity across seasons, effects of changing day length on mood, regulation of "clock" gene expression, and the role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. This book will appeal to all students and researchers who wish to learn about current and past research on daily and seasonal rhythmicity. This is the tenth volume in the International Neuroendocrine Federation (INF) Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology series (Volumes 1-7 published by Wiley) that aims to illustrate highest standards and encourage the use of the latest technologies in basic and clinical research and hopes to provide inspiration for further exploration into the exciting field of neuroendocrinology.

A visit to a physician these days is cold: physicians spend most of their time typing at computers, making minimal eye contact. Appointments generally last only a few minutes, with scarce time for the doctor to connect to a patient's story, or explain how and why different procedures and treatments might be undertaken. As a result, errors abound: indeed, misdiagnosis is the fourth-leading cause of death in the United States, trailing only heart disease, cancer, and stroke. This is because, despite having access to more resources than ever, doctors are vulnerable not just to the economic demand to see more patients, but to distraction, burnout, data overload, and their own intrinsic biases. Physicians are simply overmatched. As Eric Topol argues in Deep Medicine, artificial intelligence can help. Natural-language processing could automatically record notes from our doctor visits; virtual psychiatrists could better predict the risk of suicide or other mental health issues for vulnerable patients; deep-learning software will make every physician a master diagnostician; and we could even use smartphone apps to take our own medical "selfies" for skin exams and receive immediate analysis. . On top of that, the virtual smartphone assistants of today--Alexa, Siri, Cortana--could analyze our daily health data to reduce the need for doctor visits and trips to the emergency room, and support for people suffering from asthma, epilepsy, and heart disease. By integrating tools like these into their daily medical practice, doctors would be able to spend less time collecting and cataloging information, and more time providing thorough, intimate, and meaningful care for their patients, as no machine can. Artificial intelligence can also help remedy the debilitating cost of healthcare, both for individuals and the economy writ large. The medical sector now absorbs 20 percent of the US gross domestic product--it is largest sector by dollars and jobs. And it's very inefficient. Take the cost of medical scans: There are over 20 million medical scans performed in the US every day, and an MRI, for example, costs hundreds to thousands of dollars. AI could process 260 million medical scans (more than 2 weeks' worth) in less than 24 hours for a cost of only $1000. We pay billions and billions of dollars for the same work today. The American health care system needs a serious reboot, and artificial intelligence is just the thing to press the restart button. As innovative as it is hopeful, Deep Medicine ultimately shows us how we can leverage artificial intelligence for better care at lower costs with more empathy, for the benefit of patients and physicians alike.