New interest in light microscopy of the last few years has not been backed up by adequate general literature. This book intends to fill the gap between specialized texts on detailed topics and general introductory booklets, mostly dealing with the use of the conventional light microscope only. In this short textbook both new developments in microscopy and basic facts of image formation will be treated, including often neglected topics such as axial resolving power, lens construction, photomicrography and correct use of phase-en interference contrast systems. Theoretical background will be dealt with as far as necessary for a well-considered application of these techniques enabling a deliberate choice for the approach of a certain problem. Over 150 illustrations (photomicrographs and diagrams) complete the information on microscopy of the nineties in the biomedical field, intended for scientists, doctors, technicians and research students. Many drawings have been contributed by the illustrator R. Kreuger; the photographic work has been executed by J. Peeterse. Secretarial assistance in preparing the manuscript was given by Ms T. M. S. Pierik. Dr M. J. Pearson has corrected the English of the final text.

This book is a collection of some of the papers presented at the EMBO Lecture Course on "Lymphocyte stimulation: differential sensitivity to radiation; biochemical and immunological properties." The Course was organized with the aim of fostering interactions between photoradiobiologists and immunologists interested in the problem of DNA damage and repair studied at the lymphocyte level. The papers presented in this book are mainly centered on the problem of radiation sensitivity of lymphocytes in relation to DNA repair phenomena. The radiation biology of human lymphocytes is dominated by two phenomena: (a) high radiosensitivity of lymphocytes which die in interphase (b) PHA-induced relative radioresistance of those cells which, after stimulation, escape the interphase death and eventually die in mitosis. These phenomena constitute a good system to study some of the factors which control the response of human cells to irradiation. In addition it is possible to correlate the development of the relative radioresistance in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes with the biochemical changes connected with the transformation processes. The papers presented in this book constitute a real contribution to the scientific knowledge in this field of research and suggest that lymphocytes could be a very interesting test material useful for measuring the DNA repair capability of human cells to furnish an indication of individual radiosensitivity in man.

Shelley Saunders This book offers a welcome diversity of topics covering the broader subjects of teeth and the study of teeth by anthropologists. There is an impressive array of coverage here including the history of anthropological study of the teeth, morphology and structure, pathology and epidemiology, the relationship between nutrition, human behavior and the dentition, age and sex estimation from teeth, and geographic and genetic variation. Most chapter authors have provided thorough reviews of their subjects along with examples of recent analytical work and recommendations for future research. North American researchers should particularly appreciate the access to an extensive European literature cited in the individual chapter bibliographies. Physical anthropologists with even a passing interest in dental research should greet the publication of this book with pleasure since it adds to a growing list of books on how the study of teeth can tell us so much about past human populations. In addition to the archaeological applications, there is the forensic objective of dental anthropology which the editors refer to in their introduction which is dealt with in this volume. The chapters dealing with methods of sex determination, age estimation of juveniles and age estimation of adults using the teeth are exhaustive and exacting and of critical importance to both "osteoarchaeologists" and forensic anthropologists. Authors Liversidge, Herdeg and Rosing provide very clear guidelines for the use of dental formation standards in juvenile age estimation, recommendations that are so obviously necessary at this time.

"Lysosomes are now known tobe notjustacollectionofisolatedorganellesofin- terest only to the biochemist, but part ofa complex, dynamic, membranous sys- tem essential to the cell's economy." So wrote the late Dame Honor Fell and I in the preface to the first volume of Lysosomes in Biology and Pathology almost 30 years ago. We wentonto say thatresearchonthelysosomalsystematthetimewas in a state ofexplosive and chaotic growth. While the chaos has beenlargely reduced, the growthofresearch into the bi- ology ofthe lysosome remains considerable. Biologists worldwide are still fasci- nated by the diversity of activities and the interaction between the various membranous systems of the cell, both in biological and pathological situations. The present volume, edited by John Lloyd and Robert Mason, who have each made major contributions to research in this field, continues to systematize the growthofinformation in this importantarea. Taken together, the twelve chaptersofthis volume form an extensive update ofour knowledge of the biological and physiological role of the lysosomal sys- tem. The book will enhance our knowledge ofcell function and help in our un- derstanding ofthe factors that control cell metabolism in health and disease. John T. Dingle Hughes Hall Cambridge, England ix Preface Lysosomes are still orphan organelles. Even in the 1990s, it is not unknown for members of a scientific or medical audience to reveal, by a question following a lecture, thatthey confuse lysosome with lysozyme or liposome.Andthis ignorance has adeeperreasonthan mereconfusionoversimilar-sounding terms. Itarisesbe- cause Iysosomes exist on the periphery of cell function, rather than at its center.

In this book on surgical anatomy, the author ter of the illustrations are in color-a feature has deviated considerably from the usual plan which adds greatly to their value. and has presented the material with a stronger Anatomy is an important phase of surgery surgical viewpoint. Obviously, it will appeal and is very necessary in the training of a sur primarily to surgeons and particularly to those geon. Years ago it was perhaps overempha in training because operative technic is in sized in the prerequisites of a surgeon. During cluded with the anatomy. The entire body is recent years when a knowledge of physiology covered in the anatomic discussion and the was found to be so important to the surgeon, principles of technic described for the impor anatomy has to a great extent been neglected. tant operations. This method of presentation The pendulum is threatening to swing too far of anatomic data has an obvious advantage and give the young surgeon the idea that he in that it correlates the anatomy with the tech need not spend time on anatomy. The time nical phase of surgery; without question, the will never come when anatomy will be unim young surgeon will find that this integration portant to the surgeon; the young surgeon will make it much easier for him to remember must always appreciate this. It may be safe the important anatomic details.

The book provides a comprehensive description of the ultrasound anatomy of the musculoskeletal system and clear guidance on the technique. Ultrasound images are coupled with anatomic pictures explaining probe positioning and scanning technique for the various joints of the musculoskeletal system: shoulder, elbow, hand and wrist, hip, knee, foot, and ankle. For each joint there is also a brief explanation of normal anatomy as well as a list of tricks and tips and advice on how to perform the ultrasound scan in clinical practice. This book will be an excellent practical teaching guide for beginners and a useful reference for more experienced sonographers.

The Oxford American Handbook of Clinical Examination and Practical Skills is a comprehensive pocket guide for medical, physician assistant, and nurse practitioner students. It is designed to help students transition from classroom to clinical internships, preceptorships, and clerkships. Providing clear and user-friendly guidance on all aspects of history taking, physical examination, common practical procedures, data interpretation and communication skills, it gives realistic advice on coping with and mastering common situations.
Each systems chapter follows a structured format covering applied anatomy, history, examination, and the presentation of common and important disorders. The procedures section includes approximately forty practical procedures that the final year medical student and senior nurse are expected to perform. The section on data interpretation covers the basics of chest x-rays, abdominal x-rays, ECGs, lung function tests and several other areas that the student is expected to carry out in their early years of training.

Aging research on the human eyes crosses all areas of ophthalmology and also relies upon biological, morphological, physiological, and biochemical tools for its study. This book reviews all aspects of human eye aging. In addition to descriptions of age-related changes in almost all the structures of the human eyes, the authors also include interesting accounts of personal experiments and data. It provides an extensive panorama of what happens during aging in the eye.

The new edition of this well-known hybrid anatomy core text and atlas superbly depicts and describes the human body, so you can identify anatomical structures with confidence and have a clear understanding of the core anatomy you need. Now fully revised and updated, it is the only textbook and atlas of gross anatomy that illustrates all structures using high-quality dissection photographs AND clearly labelled line drawings for each photograph. This is combined with concise yet thorough text to support and explain all key human anatomy and clearly relate it to clinical practice. The complete, downloadable eBook (via Student Consult), enhanced with interactive self-assessment material, completes this superb, comprehensive resource. It will be particularly relevant to medical and dental students, as well as candidates preparing for higher surgical specialties and radiology. It will also be an invaluable, accessible guide for students in other professions where anatomy is an important component of the course. New highlighting of expanded clinically relevant portions of the text and the Clinical Case Skills pages help readers quickly understand how to apply gross anatomical knowledge to clinical settings High quality, colored dissection photographs show structures most likely to be seen and tested in the lab - helps students recognize and interpret gross specimens accurately Interpretive line drawings next to every photograph clearly identify structures described in the adjacent text and consistent use of color-coding helps differentiate muscle, ligament, peritoneum etc. New photographs with the latest imaging techniques employed in current practice reveal anatomical structures clearly This book comes with the complete, downloadable eBook via STUDENT CONSULT - enhanced with new interactive self-assessment material to check understanding and aid exam preparation High quality, richly coloured dissection photographs show structures most likely to be seen and tested in the lab - helps you recognize and interpret gross specimens accurately Interpretive line drawings next to every photograph, with consistent colour-coding - helps you clearly identify structures and differentiate fat, muscle, ligament, etc. 'Clinical Skills' pages and new highlighting of the most clinically relevant text helps readers quickly understand how to apply knowledge of gross anatomy to the clinical setting New photographs reflect the latest imaging techniques as seen in current practice This book comes with the complete, downloadable eBook via STUDENT CONSULT- enhanced with new interactive self-assessment material to check understanding and aid exam preparation High quality, richly coloured dissection photographs show structures most likely to be seen and tested in the lab - helps you recognize and interpret gross specimens accurately Interpretive line drawings next to every photograph, with consistent colour-coding - helps you clearly identify structures and differentiate fat, muscle, ligament, etc. 'Clinical Skills' pages and new highlighting of the most clinically relevant text helps readers quickly understand how to apply knowledge of gross anatomy to the clinical setting New photographs reflect the latest imaging techniques as seen in current practice This book comes with the complete, downloadable eBook via STUDENT CONSULT - enhanced with new interactive self-assessment material to check understanding and aid exam preparation

A thoroughly revised and updated collection readily reproducible techniques for culturing human cells. This new edition includes a wide range of human cell types relevant to human disease and new chapters on fibroblasts, Schwann cells, gastric and colonic epithelial cells, and parathyroid cells. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Medicine (TM) series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

The functional anatomy of human somatosensory cortex is of both scientific and clinical interest. Scientifically, it provides insights in information processing in the human brain. Clinically, it helps to avoid neurological deficits by sparing essential brain regions during neurosurgical procedures adjacent to central fissure. In the present study the functional organization of the human somatosensory cortex was investigated with electrophysiological techniques using a combined approach of cortical stimulations and somatosensory evoked responses on electrocorticography, scalp-EEG, and magnetoencephalography. The spatiotemporal structure of the evoked response was studiedwith biophysical modeling techniqueswhich allowed identification of the three-dimensional intracerebral location, time activity, and interaction of the neuronal sources activated following peripheral somatosensory stimulation. Furthermore, the somatotopic organization ofhand and lip somatosensory cortex was investigated. The relative value of invasive (cortical stimulations and electrocorticography) and non-invasive (scalp-EEGand magnetoencephalography) was assessed. The combined use ofscalp-EEG and magnetoencephalography was useful to increase non-invasive localization accuracy. I want to thank several people who significantly contributed in completion of the present work. Univ. -Prof Dr. Luder Deecke, Chairman of the Neurological University Clinic, Vienna, Austria, supported me throughout my career at the Neurological University Clinic in Vienna since 1985. Dr. William W Sutherling, Associate Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles, who was my advisor during my stay from 1987-1989 at the Department ofNeurology, University of California, Los Angeles where most of the present work was done.

"Athletic Injuries of the Knee" is designed as a tool to help primary care and sports medicine practitioners and therapists explain anatomical and sports injury concepts to their patients and clients. This chart provides an overview of normal knee anatomy and common injuries and showcases 11 images which illustrate the mechanisms of knee injuries in the context of a human figure playing sports. The vibrant images are from the "Anatomical Visual Guide to Sports Injuries" and are listed below: Pathological Knee Injury Images: LCL Tear, MCL Tear, ACL Tear, PCL Tear; Patellar Tendinopathy: shows tendinopathy at the following sites: distal quadriceps femoris tendon, distal pole of patella, patellar tendon insertion onto the tibial tubercle; Meniscus Tears: shows bucket handle tear, vertical tear, radial tear, parrot beak tear, fraying/degenerative; Sports Injury Mechanism Images: ACL Tear, Basketball ACL Tear, Skiing PCL Tear, Wrestling MCL Tear, Football LCL Tear, Rugby Hyperflexion/Meniscus Tear, Skating Jumper's Knee, Volleyball Patellar Tendon Rupture, Weight Lifting Tibia Fracture, Soccer IT Band Syndrome, Running Normal Anatomy Images, Anterior View of Knee, Medial View of Knee, and Superior view of Knee Showing Meniscus.

This book is a practical guide to the detection, diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Beginning with an overview of human reproduction, the importance of accurate history taking and examination, and general preconception evaluation, the following chapters discuss the different investigational methods in the assessment of female infertility. The final sections examine male infertility and the role of semen analysis in understanding the potential of fertility. Genetic, environmental and behavioural risk factors are also covered. This comprehensive text is enhanced by clinical images, diagrams and tables. Key Points Practical guide to detection, diagnosis and treatment of infertility Covers assessment of both female and male infertility Covers genetic, environmental and behavioural risk factors Enhanced by clinical images, diagrams and tables