William Butterfield was the most daring, rigorous and brilliant architect of his age, whose 60-year practice spanned the entire Victorian era, and whose major works are found from the Firth of Clyde and shores of Belfast to the hills of Dublin and the cliffs of Cardiff and Devon. This book addresses the emergence of a modern society, its expansive institutions and its changing moral code, exploring how Butterfield responded to and advanced that transformation in the national life. It reflects the changing emphasis of Butterfield’s work: first, the revival, rebuilding and reform of the country parish; then the place of the church and the agents of social health in the burgeoning town and city; third, the quiet revolution in secondary education and college life; and finally, sites of refuge, sanctuary, repose and remembrance. Drawing extensively on the literature and discourse of the time, each chapter discusses a societal shift and surveys Butterfield’s most important architectural contributions to this. The chapters are followed by portfolios of photographs and extraordinary sets of coloured contract drawings of projects selected to show the originality, conviction and variety of Butterfield’s designs. Woven through the book are characterisations of the often colourful men and women who were Butterfield’s patrons and associates, including Gladstone, Pusey, Nightingale, and such lesser known but equally crucial figures as Frederick Temple; ‘Mother’ Matilda Blanche Gibbs; the writer Charlotte Yonge; and a score of reforming vicars from the pious William Butler to the radical eccentric, Edward Monro.

These days human beings have a profound influence on aspects of the planetary ecosystem, e.g. on climate change and biodiversity, to name only two. This manual is intended to help practitioners, who are dealing with human-based rural and urban settlement-ecosystems, in the key steps towards their realization (design, implementation, and operation) and helpful for all, who are concerned about ensuring their practical sustainability. The ecosystem-approach is holistic and integrative, encompassing various disciplines like architecture, landscape architecture, environmental engineering, social sciences, life sciences, ecology, and management. It also considers issues such as energy-savings, ecological cycles, reuse, natural resources, socio-cultural background, real participation, and holistic quality management. Thus it not only explains the general concept, the steps of realization and the respective involved stakeholders, but also gives hints and tools for practitioners. The information, recommendations and tools are directed to the following target groups, among others: * Local planning authorities (giving hints for the procedure and the involved stakeholders) * Designers (holistic approach, procedures, tools) * Regulatory bodies, licensing and financing authorities (requirements for approach and procedures) * Construction and implementing firms and institutions (recommendations, tools) * Operating bodies (hints for operation, tools) The experiences are based on a joint German-Ghanaian program at Valley View University, the biggest private university in Ghana, intended to help realize the vision of a truly holistic ecological university. It was financed originally by the German Ministry of Education and Research and recently by the German Ministry for the Environment in the frame of the Climate Change Initiative of the Federal Government of Germany.

This book is about African and Asian cities. Illustrated through selected case cities, the book brings together a rich collection of papers by leading scholars and practitioners in Africa and Asia to offer empirical analysis and up-to-date discussions and assessments of the urban challenges and solutions for their cities. A number of key topics concerning housing, sustainable urban development and climate change in Africa and Asia are explored along with how policy interventions and partnerships deliver specific forms of urban development. It is intended for all who are interested in the state of the cities and urban development in Africa and Asia. Africa and Asia present, in many ways, useful lessons in dealing with the burgeoning urban population, and the problems surrounding this influx of people and climate change in the developing word.

This study examines how nineteenth-century industrial Lancashire became a leading national and international art centre. By the end of the century almost every major town possessed an art gallery, while Lancashire art schools and artists were recognised at home and abroad. The book documents the remarkable rise of visual art across the county, along with the rise of the commercial and professional classes who supported it. It examines how Lancashire looked to great civilisations of the past for inspiration while also embracing new industrial technologies and distinctively modern art movements. This volume will be essential reading for all those with an interest in the new industrial society of the nineteenth century, from art lovers and collectors to urban and social historians. -- .

London's many cemeteries, churches and graveyards are the last resting places of a multitude of important people from many different walks of life. Politicians, writers and military heroes rub shoulders with engineers, courtesans, artists and musicians, along with quite a few eccentric characters. Arranged geographically, this comprehensive guide describes famous graves in all the major cemeteries and churches in Greater London, including Highgate, Kensal Green, Westminster Abbey, and St Paul's Cathedral, as well as the City churches and many suburban parish churches. The book gives biographical details, information on the monuments, and is richly illustrated. As well as being an historical guide, it also serves as an indispensable reference guide for any budding tombstone tourist.

"Architectures: Modernism and After "surveys the history of the building from the advent of industrialization to the cultural imperatives of the present moment. The collection of essays brings together international art and architectural historians to consider a range of topics that have influenced the shape, profile, and aesthetics of the built environment from 1851 to the present time, showing how buildings and our responses to them are embedded in the cultural process and the ethics of production.

This volume presents crucial "moments" in the history of the field when the architecture of the past is made to respond to new and changing cultural circumstances. In doing so, "Architectures: Modernism and After" provides a view of architectural history as part of a continuing dialogue between aesthetic criteria and social and cultural imperatives.

Few other cities can compare with Rome's history of continuous habitation, nor with the survival of so many different epochs in its present. This volume explores how the city's past has shaped the way in which Rome has been built, rebuilt, represented and imagined throughout its history. Bringing together scholars from the disciplines of architectural history, urban studies, art history, archaeology and film studies, this book comprises a series of studies on the evolution of the city of Rome and the ways in which it has represented and reconfigured itself from the medieval period to the present day. Moving from material appropriations such as spolia in the medieval period, through the cartographic representations of the city in the early modern period, to filmic representation in the twentieth century, we encounter very different ways of making sense of the past across Rome's historical spectrum. The broad chronological arrangement of the chapters, and the choice of themes and urban locations examined in each, allows the reader to draw comparisons between historical periods. An imaginative approach to the study of the urban and architectural make-up of Rome, this volume will be valuable not only for historians of art and architecture, but also for students of cultural history and film studies.

The Inverse and Ill-Posed Problems Series is a series of monographs publishing postgraduate level information on inverse and ill-posed problems for an international readership of professional scientists and researchers. The series aims to publish works which involve both theory and applications in, e.g., physics, medicine, geophysics, acoustics, electrodynamics, tomography, and ecology.

In the wake of the Occupy Wall Street movement, leading planers and social scientists examine public space today and freedom of assembly. The Occupy Wall Street movement has challenged the physical manifestation of the First Amendment rights to freedom of assembly. Where and how can people congregate today? Forty social scientists, planners, architects, and civil liberties experts explore the definition, use, role, and importance of public space for the exercise of our democratic rights to free expression. The book also discusses whose voice is heard and what factors limit the participation of minorities in Occupy activities. This foundational work puts issues of democracy and civic engagement back into the center of dialogue about the built environment. Beyond Zuccotti Park is a collaborative effort of Pratt Graduate Center for Planning and the Environment, City College of New York School of Architecture, New Village Press and its parent organization, Architects/Designers/Planners for Social Responsibility. The book is part of an open civic inquiry on the part of these organizations. The project was seeded by a series of free public forums, Freedom of Assembly: Public Space Today, held at the Center for Architecture in response to the forced clearance of Occupy activities from Zuccotti Park and public plazas throughout the country. The first two recorded programs took place on December 17, 2011 and February 4, 2012.

Mindy Thompson Fullilove presents ways to strengthen neighborhood connectivity and empower marginalized communities through investigation of urban segregation from a social heath perspective. "Fullilove passionately demonstrates how, through an urbanity of inclusion, we can heal our fractured cities to make them whole again. What if divided neighborhoods were causing public health problems? What if a new approach to planning and design could tackle both the built environment and collective well-being at the same time? What if cities could help each other? Dr. Mindy Thompson Fullilove, the acclaimed author of Root Shock, uses her unique perspective as a public health psychiatrist to explore and identify ways of healing social and spatial fractures simultaneously. Using the work of French urbanist Michel Cantal-Dupart and the American urban design firm Rothschild Doyno Collaborative as guides as well as urban restoration projects from France and the US as exemplary cases, Fullilove identifies nine tools that can mend our broken cities and reconnect our communities to make them whole.

Optimization techniques offer immense potential for the improvement of performance-driven design, since they allow the adoption of an holistic approach. This can lead to great advantages: optimal design solutions can be properly identified only if all criteria are considered at the same time, rather than separately. There are two barriers which obstruct optimization from being applied to building design: a technological barrier (applying the algorithms is not easy and can be quite time-consuming) and a cultural one (architects and engineers are required to change their perspectives as the design process has to be handled in a new way). This book explores these barriers from the perspective of both engineers and architects, and proposes a change in the attitudes of these two "actors": an engineer and an architect develop a dialog which helps them understand each other's perspective; in this way they find how they must both make a step forward.

The Middle Ages was a time of great upheaval - the period between the seventh and fourteenth centuries saw great social, political and economic change. The radically distinct cultures of the Christian West, Byzantium, Persian-influenced Islam, and al-Andalus resulted in different responses to the garden arts of antiquity and different attitudes to the natural world and its artful manipulation. Yet these cultures interacted and communicated, trading plants, myths and texts. By the fifteenth century the garden as a cultural phenomenon was immensely sophisticated and a vital element in the way society saw itself and its relation to nature. A Cultural History of Gardens in the Medieval Age presents an overview of the period with essays on issues of design, types of gardens, planting, use and reception, issues of meaning, verbal and visual representation of gardens, and the relationship of gardens to the larger landscape.

This book is a unique collection of new and existing articles about progressive architectural teaching and learning. It is about restructuring architectural education--a project that defines itself within a transformative definition of society. Dialectically linking architectural education and society, the book presents authors who conceptualize architectural pedagogy within a critical analysis of the larger society, and who construct forms of teaching and learning experiences that reveal and contest professional and societal directions. The authors present a multiplicity of voices, including women, people of color, and students; voices often marginalized but crucial to a remapping of the cultural-political terrain in their struggle to make issues of gender, race, class, etc. central to a reconceptualization of architectural education and pedagogy. This anthology, then, is more than a mere list of projects and pedagogies--it is a theoretical investigation of critical practices in architectural education that engage the world in order to change it. This book will challenge architectural educators to think consciously of their work and experiences in political and cultural terms. Insofar as architectural teachers plan instruction, determine readings, and select programs and building types for studio investigations, they are implementing a theory. The question, of course, is whether teachers are fully aware of the theoretical base of their actions. Since theory usually embodies interests grounded in societal forms of power, it has political consequences. This book sees education and pedagogy as forms of cultural politics--constructing a new terrain that will invigorate architecturalpedagogy and focus discussion toward a needed architectural/educational/political project. Voices in Architectural Education will be invaluable to professors and students of architecture in both graduate and undergraduate education, as well as to practitioners of the architecture profession.