For the eighth time the yersiniologists all over the world gathered together when the International Symposium on Yersinia was organized by University of Turku and Turku Microbiology Society in Turku, Finland. Over 250 delegates from 28 countries attended the Symposium. The Symposium logo (Picture 4, next page) presents a bacteriophage attached to the surface of the bacterium. One can easily imagine that most of the aspects covered in this Symposium are included in the logo: the bacteriophage genome encodes for structural proteins, adhesins and effector proteins that interact with the host cell in most intricate ways to carry out their mission. Life of the bacteriophage depends on the tightly regulated interplay between the phage and the host proteins. This all is also true between Yersinia and the different hosts and environments it encounters during its life cycle. This Symposium Proceedings volume is based on the oral and poster presentations given during the Symposium. The volume has been divided into six parts covering topics such as genomics, surface structures, bacteriophages, molecular and cellular pathogenesis, molecular epidemiology and diagnostics, gene regulation, clinical aspects and vaccines. These topics reflect righteously the present trends in the bacteriology research.

Ein biographischer Abriss zu Robert Koch, dem Begrunder der Bakteriologie in Deutschland. Der Band wertet den in Vergessenheit geratenen Nachlass aus und ermoeglicht eine neue Sicht auf die Person und den Arbeitsstil des Nobelpreistragers. Er enthalt zudem erstmals einen vollstandigen Katalog der Dokumente zum Lebenslauf und damit verbundener Auszeichnungen, Arbeitsmaterialien und der Briefe Robert Kochs. Fur Bibliothekare und Archive ist das Werk auch wegen der Bestandsnachweise und Erschliessungskriterien ein unverzichtbares Arbeitsmittel.

"Explains why a significant body of scientific research has been largely ignored by cancer research institutions. Hess has clearly demonstrated the valuable role that social scientists can have in offering a neutral perspective on medical research and how it is shaped by cultural bias."
--"Townsend Letter"

"Hess has made a careful study of one of the most intriguing themes that weaves through the recent history of unconventional approaches to cancer. Every researcher, physician, and general reader interested in this field should welcome this important and incisive contribution."
--"Michael Lerner
President, Commonweal, and author of "Choices in Healing"

Growing numbers of cancer patients are exploring diet, food supplements, herbs, and nontoxic immunotherapies like bacterial vaccines as a means of therapy. Yet most cancer research organizations refuse to even evaluate these alternatives. "Can Bacteria Cause Cancer?" argues convincingly that unless this neglected world of alternative therapies is properly scrutinized, the medical Vietnam of the twentieth century may well affect one in two people by the twenty-first century.

David J. Hess investigates one of the great medical mysteries of the twentieth century--the relationship between bacteria and chronic disease. Recently scientists have overturned long-held beliefs by demonstrating that bacterial infections cause many ulcers; they are now reconsidering the role of bacterial infections in other chronic diseases, such as arthritis. Is it possible, Hess asks, that bacteria can contribute to the many other known causes of cancer?

To answer this intriguing question, Hess takes us into the world of alternative cancerresearchers. Maintaining that their work has been actively suppressed rather than simply dismissed, he examines their claims---that bacterial vaccines have led to some dramatic cases of long-term cancer remission--and the scientific potential of their theories. Economic interests and cultural values, he demonstrates, have influenced the rush toward radiation and chemotherapy and the current cul-de-sac of toxic treatments.

More than a medical mystery story, "Can Bacteria Cause Cancer?" is a dramatic case study of the failure of the war on cancer.

"Explains why a significant body of scientific research has been largely ignored by cancer research institutions. Hess has clearly demonstrated the valuable role that social scientists can have in offering a neutral perspective on medical research and how it is shaped by cultural bias."
--"Townsend Letter"

"Hess has made a careful study of one of the most intriguing themes that weaves through the recent history of unconventional approaches to cancer. Every researcher, physician, and general reader interested in this field should welcome this important and incisive contribution."
--"Michael Lerner
President, Commonweal, and author of "Choices in Healing"

Growing numbers of cancer patients are exploring diet, food supplements, herbs, and nontoxic immunotherapies like bacterial vaccines as a means of therapy. Yet most cancer research organizations refuse to even evaluate these alternatives. "Can Bacteria Cause Cancer?" argues convincingly that unless this neglected world of alternative therapies is properly scrutinized, the medical Vietnam of the twentieth century may well affect one in two people by the twenty-first century.

David J. Hess investigates one of the great medical mysteries of the twentieth century--the relationship between bacteria and chronic disease. Recently scientists have overturned long-held beliefs by demonstrating that bacterial infections cause many ulcers; they are now reconsidering the role of bacterial infections in other chronic diseases, such as arthritis. Is it possible, Hess asks, that bacteria can contribute to the many other known causes of cancer?

To answer this intriguing question, Hess takes us into the world of alternative cancerresearchers. Maintaining that their work has been actively suppressed rather than simply dismissed, he examines their claims---that bacterial vaccines have led to some dramatic cases of long-term cancer remission--and the scientific potential of their theories. Economic interests and cultural values, he demonstrates, have influenced the rush toward radiation and chemotherapy and the current cul-de-sac of toxic treatments.

More than a medical mystery story, "Can Bacteria Cause Cancer?" is a dramatic case study of the failure of the war on cancer.

This volume collates in one source methodology for in vivo genetic engineering and for genetic analysis in a wide range of bacteria. Not only is "Escherichia coli" well covered, but so are other emerging bacterial systems.

How does a bacterial cell grow during the division cycle? This question is answered by the codeveloper of the Cooper-Helmstetter model of DNA replication. In a unique analysis of the bacterial division cycle, Cooper considers the major cell categories (cytoplasm, DNA, and cell surface) and presents a lucid description of bacterial growth during the division cycle.
The concepts of bacterial physiology from Ole Maaloe's Copenhagen school are presented throughout the book and are applied to such topics as the origin of variability, the pattern of DNA segregation, and the principles underlying growth transitions.
The results of research on "E. coli" are used to explain the division cycles of Caulobacter, Bacilli, Streptococci, and eukaryotes. Insightful reanalysis highlights significant similarities between these cells and "E.coli."
With over 25 years of experience in the study of the bacterial division cycle, Cooper has synthesized his ideas and research into an exciting presentation. He manages to write a comprehensive volume that will be of great interest to microbiologists, cell physiologists, cell and molecular biologists, researchers in cell-cycle studies, and mathematicians and engineering scientists interested in modeling cell growth.
Key Features
* Written by one of the codiscoverers of the Cooper-Helmstetter model
* Applies the results of research on E. coli to other groups, including Caulobacter, Bacilli, Streptococci, and eukaryotes; the Caulobacter reanalysis highlights significant similarities with the E. coli system
* Presents a unified description of the bacterial division cycle with relevance to eukaryotic systems
* Addresses the concepts of the Copenhagen School in a new and original way"

Vaccines represent the greatest achievements of one area of science for increasing our health and well-being. This collection of papers represents the latest advances in bacterial vaccine research. The papers presented at this symposium illustrate the increasing potential and need for continuing research into disease pathogenesis, host resistance mechanisms, and vaccine development. Further, the study of bacterial vaccines provides an important method for characterizing pathogenic mechanisms and natural and induced host resistance mechanisms.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfangen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen fur die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfugung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden mussen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Der Umfang unserer Ergebrusse ist in diesem Jahre gr5Ber als in den Vorjahren geworden. Eine Reihe in dem Vordergrund des Interesses stehender Fragen wurde wiederum behandel t: Zunachst hat R. Pfeiffer das Influenzaprohiem ubersichtlich dar gestellt. Eine genaue Besprechung der bi her erschienenen Influenza literatur stammt von P. Hubschmann. Hierzu geh5rt noch die Dber sicht uber die Encephali tis lethargica von W. Gottstein, die aus technischen Grunden nicht anschlieBend gebracht werden konI te. Die eingehendste Darstellung des neuesten Standes der Anaphylaxie forschung, welche bisher wohl verfaBt wurde, hat R. Doerr fUr diesen Band geschrieben. Bewnders ist dabei die vollstandige Berucksichtigung der Weltliteratur wertvoll. Eine Orientierung des' aktuellen Gebietes der Proteink5rpertherapie und der unspezifischen Therapie uberhaupt unter dem Gesichtswinkel der Leistungssteigerung hat sich als vereinheitlichendes Prinzip uberaus praktisch erwiesen und ist vom Herausgeber unter Berucksichtigung der ver schiedensten Organsysteme durchgefiihrt worden. Die Zusammenstellung von M. 01 au s stellt einen Versuch dar, die ungeheuer angeschwollene Literatuf der Proteink5rpertherapie nach bestimmten Gesichtspunkten zu ordnen. Die Serodiagnostik der Syphilis hat T. Baumgartel in fach mannischer Weise ubersichtlich behandelt, die Theorie, Methodik und Fehler quellen der Weil-Felixschen Reaktion G. Wolff. Das wichtige Milzbrandkapitel bearbeitete K. Poppe in einer ein gehenden Darstellung dEl' "neuen Ergebnisse der Milzbrandforschung und Milzbrandbekampfung." H. ZeiB bespricht die neuere Literatur uber das Bacterium vulgare (Proteus) Hauser. O. Solbrig gibt eine Dbersicht. uber die im Osten bEobachteten Kriegsseuchen. Eine bemerkenswert.e Darstellung sozial-hygienischer l 'ursorge bestre bunge n stammt aus der Feder von E. G. Dresel. Erlangen, im Dezember 1921. Der Herausgeber. Inhaltsverzeichnis."

This book contains 10 chapters and each chapter carries topics related to Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). Chapter 1, mainly describes the basic information of the whole content of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). In chapter 2, the author has collected the sources of PGPB that available in the natural resources or those bacteria that were already cultivated in the laboratory. In addition, in chapter 3, the author had delineated in detail about the traits that were present in most of the PGPB. Furthermore, in chapter 4, the author has described in detail how the trait that was presented in those PGPB were used in the mechanism of PGPB when it is interconnected with the plants. The author also has shown various types of production systems that can be used to cultivate the natural plant growth-promoting bacteria in chapter 5. Through this system, more and wider application or delivery of PGPB that can be carried out in the natural environment is well described in the chapter 6. The author also defined numerous types of concerns that may arise from the application of PGPB and specific policy that closely related to PGPB in chapter 7 and 8, respectively. Prior to the chapter 10 which conclude the whole content, the author has listed out in chapter 9 the success of PGPB research. The author hope that all readers will gain detailed information about PGPB through reading and referencing this book.

This book presents a set of modern protocols forming a solid background for who want to start or improve research programme on phytoplasmas. Chapters guide readers through detailed techniques for maintaining phytoplasma collections, border inspection, detection of different phytoplasma strains, new pipelines to produce phytoplasma genome draft, protocols for phytoplasma gene expression analyses, and methods for the investigation of the phloem tissue. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Phytoplasmas: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.

This volume brings together a wide range of methods to explore the structure and function of bacterial chromatin from molecular to the cellular scale. Chapters detail experimental protocols of in vivo and in vitro approaches, approaches to genome structure modeling, and data analysis. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Bacterial Chromatin: Methods and Protocols aims to be useful as an up-to-date reference work for scholars in the bacterial chromatin field, those entering the field from adjacent research fields, and scientists in the eukaryotic chromatin field.

During bacteriology's Golden Age (roughly 1870-1890) European physicians focused on the role of bacteria as causal agents of disease. Advances in microscopy and laboratory methodology - including the ability to isolate and identify micro-organisms - played critical roles. Robert Koch, the most well known of the European researchers for his identification of anthrax, tuberculosis and cholera, established in Germany the first teaching laboratory for training physicians in the new methods. Bacteriology was largely absent in early U.S. medical schools. Dozens of American physicians-in-training enrolled in Koch's course in Germany and many established bacteriology courses upon their return. This book highlights those who became acknowledged leaders in the field and whose work remains influential.

The Handbook of Laboratory Animal Bacteriology, Second Edition provides comprehensive information on all bacterial phylae found in laboratory rodents and rabbits to assist managers, veterinary pathologists and laboratory animal veterinarians in the management of these organisms. The book starts by examining the general aspects of bacteriology and how to sample and identify bacteria in animals. It then describes the most relevant species within each phylum and discusses the impact they may have on research. Emphasizing those bacteria known to interfere with research protocols, the book offers methods for isolation and differentiation among related bacteria. It discusses where to purchase reagents for rodent bacteriology and outlines standards for safety in a bacteriological laboratory. Highlights of the second edition: Focuses on modern sequencing techniques based on molecular identification Reorganizes content according to modern systematics based on new identification methods Presents new chapters on mechanisms behind bacterial impact on animal models and on the systematic classification of bacteria Provides information on a range of bacteria interfering with animal models for human disease, not only for those bacteria which cause disease in laboratory animal colonies Includes new figures in color and with enhanced resolution The book is essential reading for those interested in the management of organisms known to interfere with the colony health of rabbits and rodents used in research protocols-including facility managers, clinical veterinarians, veterinary pathologists, and researchers.

It is surprising how little is actually known about the fate of wastewater bacteria once they enter the sea. This wide-ranging work is one of the first to unravel the mechanisms determining bacterial sensitivity or survival under these conditions.

The Third Domain is the untold story of how the discovery of a new form of life-first ridiculed, then ignored for the past thirty years by mainstream scientists-is revolutionizing science, industry, and even our search for extraterrestrial life. Classification is a serious issue for science: if you don't know what you're looking at, how can you interpret what you see? Starting with Carolus Linnaeus in the 17th century, scientists have long struggled to order and categorize the many forms of life on Earth. But by the early 20th century the tree of life seemed to have stabilized, with two main domains of life at its roots: single-celled and multi-celled organisms. All creatures fit into one of these two groups. Or so we thought. But in 1977, a lone scientist named Carl Woese determined that archaea-biochemically and genetically unique organisms that live and thrive in some of the most inhospitable environments on Earth-were a distinct form of life, unlike anything seen on Earth before. This shocking discovery was entirely incompatible with the long-standing classification of life as we know it. But as it turned out, archaea were not life as we know it, and the tree of life had to be uprooted once again. Now, archaea are being hailed as one of the most important scientific revelations of the 20th century. The Third Domain tells the story of their strange potential and investigates their incredible history to provide a riveting account of an astonishing discovery. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Life in the Outer LImits 2 Bug Hunt 3 What the Heck Is It? 4 The Witch's Garden 5 Rust Never Sleeps 6 Us... and Them 7 Carpe Diem 8 Money for Nothin', Bugs for Free Notes Acknowledgments Index Photo Well

Members of the genus Burkholderia are a fascinating group of bacteria exhibiting immense ecological and metabolic diversity. Their notoriety as pathogens, including that of potential biological weapons, is ironically matched by their value as biopesticides and bioremediators. For example, B. cepacia complex organisms can reduce an onion bulb to a macerated pulp, protect other crops from bacterial and fungal disease, clean up aquifers and soils contaminated by recalcitrant herbicides, colonise the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis and, if this diversity is not striking enough, are not only innately resistant to most major groups of antibiotics, but can use that most famous of antimicrobials, penicillin G, as a nutrient This amazing versatility has attracted huge scientific interest in recent years and given that nine completed and seventeen draft Burkholderia genome sequences now available, the point has been reached where there is an urgent need to summarise and review the molecular biology, genomics, biochemistry, pathogenesis and beneficial properties of these important organisms. This volume brings together the expertise and enthusiasm of an international panel of leading Burkholderia researchers to provide a state-of-the art overview of these important organisms. Topics covered include epidemiology, comparative genomics, antibiotic resistance, polysaccharides, beneficial interaction with plants, and much more. Each chapter is independent and can be read in isolation, but as a whole the book provides an important resource summarising our current knowledge of Burkholderia molecular biology and genomics. It is an essential reading for all researchers working with Burkholderia and related organisms, and recommended reading for other scientists working bacterial genomics, antibacterial research, bacterial molecular and cellular biology, environmental microbiology, and bioremediation.

The book opens with chapters that focus on the development of molecular diagnostic tools and these are followed by chapters on genetic evolution and its relationship to pathogenicity. Other topics include Brucella comparative genomics and proteomics, analysis of the structure, biosynthesis and biology of glucans and lipopolysaccharides, pathogenicity, approaches to vaccine development, bacterium-host interactions, immune response, and much more. Essential reading for everyone with an interest in Brucella and brucellosis and recommended reading for the wider body of scientists with an interest in microbial diagnostics, microbial pathogenesis, cellular microbiology and immunology, and vaccine development.

A comprehensive, practical guide to culturing and identifying bacteria bearing human infections.

Cyanobacteria make a major contribution to world photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation, but are also notorious for causing nuisances such as dense and often toxic blooms' in lakes and the ocean. The Ecology of Cyanobacteria: Their Diversity in Time and Space is the first book to focus solely on ecological aspects of these organisms. Its twenty-two chapters are written by some thirty authors, who are leading experts in their particular subject. The book begins with an overview of the cyanobacteria - or blue-green algae, for those who are not specialists - then looks at their diversity in the geological record and goes on to describe their ecology in present environments where they play important roles. Why is one of the key groups of organisms in the Precambrian still one of the most important groups of phototrophs today? The importance of ecological information for rational management and exploitation of these organisms for commercial and other practical purposes is also assessed. Accounts are provided of nuisances as well as the ecology of the commercially successful Spirulina and the role of cyanobacteria in ecosystem recovery from oil pollution. Many chapters include aspects of physiology, biochemistry, geochemistry and molecular biology where these help general understanding of the subject. In addition there are three chapters dealing specifically with molecular ecology. Thirty-two pages of colour photos incorporate about seventy views and light micrographs. These features make the book valuable to a wide readership, including biologists, microbiologists, geologists, water managers and environmental consultants. The book complements the highly successful The Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria already published by Kluwer.

Bacterial surface or secreted polysaccharides are molecules that can function as barriers to protect bacterial cells against environmental stresses, as well as act as adhesins or recognition molecules. In some cases, these molecules are immunodominant antigens eliciting a vigorous immune response, while in other cases the expression of polysaccharides camouflages the bacteria from the immune system. Until recently, most studies on the enzymatic steps and regulation of these molecules were performed on the enteric gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. With the advent of modern bacterial genetics, techniques such as construction and characterization of polysaccharide mutants, cloning of genes and complementation of these mutations, and expression of polysaccharides in heterologous bacterial hosts has prompted investigations into the roles and functions of these molecules for many different bacteria. Here, we present the genetic analysis of polysaccharides from a number of bacteria pathogenic to humans and one symbiotic with plants in hopes that similarities in the experimental approaches as well as finding s from such investigations may lead to a general understanding of polysaccharide synthesis and regulation in various bacteria. Features

Alkali Cation Transport Systems in Prokaryotes is the first book that brings together the physiological, structural, and molecular biological aspects of the transport of sodium, potassium, and ammonium across the bacterial cell membrane. Sodium translocation plays a major role in energy coupling of some prokaryotes, and much of the book is devoted to new and exciting developments in this field. Over 30 experts have contributed to this excellent reference for microbiologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, cell biologists, chemotherapists, and researchers interested in bioenergetics.

Dieses Lehrbuch bietet Antworten auf Fragen wie "Wie funktioniert diese mikrobiologische Methode ganz praktisch? Wie kann ich meine Forschung um eine sinnvolle Methode erweitern?" Vergleichbar einem Kochbuch sind Zutaten und einzelne Handgriffe ubersichtlich aufgelistet und mit praktischen Tipps und Gefahrenhinweisen versehen. Ob zu Fluoreszenzmikroskopie, Genomik oder Isolierung und Kultivierung von Bakterien, Archaeen und Pilzen - erfahrene MikrobiologInnen finden hier ebenso schnelle Hinweise wie Quereinsteiger, die ihr Arbeitsgebiet mikrobiologisch erweitern wollen. Die fachkundigen PraktikerInnen Astrid Brandis-Heep, Erika Kothe und Timo Zimmermann haben ubersichtlich praktische Methoden und Ratschlage fur den Laboralltag zusammengestellt, die - mikrobiologisches Grundwissen vorausgesetzt - Masterstudierenden, Doktoranden, Postdocs und fortgeschrittenen Arbeitsgruppen sowohl im Alltag als auch fur eine Neuausrichtung Ihrer Forschung entscheidende Hinweise geben.