The American edition of the original book Bitumen by Pal Zakar.
Contents:
1. PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT-
1.1 Nomenclature and Origin-1.2 Natural Occurrence - 1.3 Chemical Constitution of Crude Oils - 1.4 Asphalt Constitution - 1.5 Characteristic Properties of Asphalt - 1.6 Physical and Chemical Characteristics - 1.7 Test Methods- References:
2. MANUFACTURE OF ASPHALT-
2.1 Fundamentals - 2.2 Investigation of Crude Oils - 2.3 Distillation - 2.4 Extraction - 2.5 Blowing - 2.6 Cracked Asphalts - 2.7 Comparison of Asphalts Made by Different Methods - 2.8 Other Treatments and Production Methods - 2.9 Asphalt Service - References: -
3. USES OF ASPHALT -
3.1 Reception of Asphalt at the Consumer's- 3.2 Road Construction - 3.3 Asphalt for Roofing and Building- 3.4 Miscellaneous Uses of Asphalt - References - Appendix - Index -

The Metric Handbook is the major handbook of planning and design data for architects and architecture students, with over 100,000 copies sold to successive generations of architects and designers. It remains the ideal starting point for any project and belongs in every design office.

The seventh edition references the latest regulations and construction standards and includes new chapters on data centres and logistics facilities alongside basic design data for all the major building types. For each building type, the book gives the basic design requirements and all the principal dimensional data, and succinct guidance on how to use the information and what regulations the designer needs to be aware of.

As well as buildings, the Metric Handbook deals with broader aspects of design such as materials, acoustics, and lighting, and general design data on human dimensions and space requirements. The Metric Handbook is the unique reference for solving everyday planning problems.

Table of Contents

Preface

Acknowledgements

DESIGN BASICS

1. Design information and dimensional coordination

Revised by Simon Douch.

Original text: Terry Nichols with David King

2. People and space

Revised by Professor Norman Wienand

3. People and movement

Revised by Professor Norman Wienand

4. Inclusive and accessible design

David Dropkin and Neil Smith

5. Capital and whole life costs of buildings

Chris Bicknell and David Holmes

ESSENTIALS

6. Structure

Revised by Andrew Peters, Arthur Lyons

Original text: David Adler and Norman Seward

7. Materials

Arthur Lyons with AHR Architects

8. Thermal environment

Phil Jones

9. Light

Revised by Theo Paradise-Hirst

Original text: Joe Lynes

10. Sound

Russell Macdonald and Chris Steel

11. Fire

Beryl Menzies

12. Flood-resilient design

Robert Barker and Richard Coutts

13. Crime prevention design

Nick Hughes

Revised by Peter Wozniak

BUILDING TYPES

14. Agricultural buildings

John Weller, Rod Sheard, Frank Bradbeer and others

15. Auditoria

Revised by Mark Foley and Stefanie Fischer (cinemas).

Original text: Ian Appleton; Stefanie Fischer (cinemas)

16. Civic buildings

Revised by David Selby (town halls); Martin Sutcliffe and Neil Sansum (law courts)

17. Community centres

Jim Tanner

18. Data centres

Simon Brimble, Emilia Dobrzynska, Naiane Esteve, Chris Neighbour, Daniel Silva, Miguel Vazquez Cid of Arup

19. Emergency services

Including Fire stations by Michael Bowman

20. Hospitals

Christiane Anders, Claudia Bloom, Vicky Braouzou. Duncan Finch, Mary Reid, Mariangela Zanini of Avanti Architects. Christopher Shaw of Medical Architecture (mental health)

21. Hotels

Fred Lawson

22. Houses and flats

Revised by Kathy Watkins.

Original text: John Chapman and Kathy Watkins

23. Homes for older people

Justin Bannister and Judith Brown

24. Student housing and housing for young people

Revised by Michael Ritchie.

Original text: MJP Architects Ltd

25. Laboratories

Revised by Eugene Sayers

Original text: Neville Surti and Catherine Nikolaou

26. Libraries

Brian Edwards with Ayub Khan

27. Logistics facilities

Marcus Madden-Smith

28. Museums, art galleries and temporary exhibition spaces

Geoffrey Mathews

29. Offices

Frank Duffy with Jack Pringle, Angela Mullarkey and Richard Finnemore

30. Payment and counselling offices

Richard Napier

31. Places of worship

Revised by Ian Brewerton (Non-conformist and Free Churches), Atba Al-Samarraie (mosques); Gurmeet Sian (gurdwara), Maurice Walton (Church of England buildings)

Original text by David Adler, Ian Brewerton, Leslie Fairweather, Derek Kemp, Atba Al-Samarraie

32. Primary health care

Geoffrey Purves

33. Restaurants and foodservice facilities

Fred Lawson

34. Retail shops and stores

Lucy Dewick-Tew and Eddie Miles

35. Schools

Anthony Langan

36. Security and counter-terrorism

Mark Whyte and Chris Johnson

37. Sports facilities: indoor and outdoor

Philip Johnson and Tom Jones

38. Streets and spaces for people and vehicles

Revised by Ben Hamilton-Baillie (introduction, shared space and place-making), James Horne (vehicles, roads and road design) and Sustrans (cycling routes and parking)

39. Transport terminals and interchanges

Airports revised by Andrew Perez with additional contributions by Richard Chapman. Railways revised by Declan McCafferty

40. Tropical design

Patricia Tutt

41. Universities

Revised by Rupert Goddard and Tony Poole

Appendix A – SI system

Appendix B – Conversion factors and tables

Index

　

This book provides a collection of recent research works related to building pathologies, recycled materials, case studies and practical advices on implementation of sustainable construction. It is divided in seven chapters that intend to be a resume of the current state of knowledge for benefit of professional colleagues, scientists, students, practitioners, lecturers and other interested parties to network. At the same time, these topics will be going to the encounter of a variety of scientific and engineering disciplines, such as civil, mechanical and materials engineering.

The book discusses combining timber and glass, two eco materials, with a view to developing an optimal contemporary energy-efficient house with an attractive design. Furthermore, the book connects an architectural design approach with structural research to show the possibilities of stabilizing the building with an increased size of the glazing. Research results where the glazing is considered as a load-bearing structural element are therefore presented in a manner leading to the development of an optimal model of the timber-glass house, considering both the structural and energy related aspects. The presented research work can be useful to designers and future experts in their planning of optimal energy-efficient timber buildings. The study is based on using timber and glass, which were previously neglected as construction materials. With suitable technological development and appropriate use, they are nowadays becoming essential construction materials as far as energy efficiency is concerned. However, their combined use is extremely complicated, from both the constructional point of view as well as from that of energy efficiency and sets multiple traps for designers. A good knowledge of their advantages and drawbacks is thus vitally important, which is shown in the present monograph. Energy-efficient timber-glass houses was selected by the Slovenian National Research Agency as an extraordinary scientific achievement in the field of technical sciences/civil engineering for the year 2013.

This handbook aims at modernizing the current state of civil engineering and firefighting, especially in this era where infrastructures are reaching new heights, serving diverse populations, and being challenged by unique threats. Its aim is to set the stage toward realizing contemporary, smart, and resilient infrastructure. The Handbook of Cognitive and Autonomous Systems for Fire Resilient Infrastructures draws convergence between civil engineering and firefighting to the modern realm of interdisciplinary sciences (i.e., artificial intelligence, IoT, robotics, sensing, and human psychology). As such, this work aims to revolutionize the current philosophy of design for one of the most notorious extreme events: fire. Unlike other publications, which are narrowed to one specific research area, this handbook cultivates a paradigm in which critical aspects of structural design, technology, and human behavior are studied and examined through chapters written by leaders in their fields. This handbook can also serve as a textbook for graduate and senior undergraduate students in Civil, Mechanical, and Fire Protection engineering programs as well as for students in Architectural and social science disciplines. Students, engineers, academics, professionals, scientists, firefighters, and government officials involved in national and international societies such as the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE), National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), among others, will benefit from this handbook.

..".A fascinating book...."--"The Sunday Times"
"This is a book I eagerly recommend to others, assign in courses, and use in myown research. It is a fine collection of illustrated essays on the social history of designed environments."--"Contemporary" "Sociology"
This title available in eBook format. Click here for more information.
Visit our eBookstore at: www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk.

This book reflects and expands on the current trend in the building industry to understand, simulate and ultimately design buildings by taking into consideration the interlinked elements and forces that act on them. This approach overcomes the traditional, exclusive focus on building tasks, while posing new challenges in all areas of the industry from material and structural to the urban scale. Contributions from invited experts, papers and case studies provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the field, as well as perspectives from related disciplines, such as computer science. The chapter authors were invited speakers at the 5th Symposium "Modelling Behaviour", which took place at the CITA in Copenhagen in September 2015.

This book includes keynote presentations, invited speeches, and general session papers presented at the 7th International Symposium on Environmental Vibration and Transportation Geodynamics (formerly the International Symposium on Environmental Vibration), held from October 28 to 30, 2016 at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. It discusses topics such as the dynamic and cyclic behaviors of soils, dynamic interaction of vehicle and transportation infrastructure; traffic-induced structure and soil vibrations and wave propagation; soil-structure dynamic interaction problems in transportation; environmental vibration analysis and testing; vehicle, machine and human-induced vibrations; monitoring, evaluation and control of traffic induced vibrations; transportation foundation deformation and deterioration induced by vibration; structural safety and serviceability of railways, metros, roadways and bridges; and application of geosynthetics in transportation infrastructure. It is a valuable resource for government managers, scientific researchers, and engineering professionals engaged in the field of geotechnical and transportation engineering.

This book represents a reflection on the policies of preservation that were established and interventions for restoration that occurred in Iran before and in the years after the Khomeinist Revolution, as well as being an analysis of the impact that Italian restoration culture has had in the country. Research concerning the state of conservation and the ongoing restoration of the Armenian churches in the Khoy and Salmas areas is included, along with precise documentation of the observation of the two cities, their architecture and the context of their landscape. The problems of architectural restoration in present-day Iran and the compatible use of buildings no longer intended for worship are addressed. The book is bolstered by first-hand documentation obtained through inspections and interviews with Iranian specialists during three missions carried out between 2016 and 2018 and a large anthology of period texts that have only recently been made available for the first time for study in electronic form, including travel reports written by Westerners describing Persia between the 15th and 19th centuries.

This reference source on water efficiency in buildings provides comprehensive and up-to-date information. Both multi-disciplinary and practical, it signposts current knowledge, innovation, expertise and evidence on an important subject which is high in the resource management debate. Water Efficiency in Buildings: a review of theory and practice is structured into five sections: Policy; People; Building Design and Planning; Alternative Water Technologies; and Practical Examples & Case Studies. This final section of the book presents new and current practice as well as lessons learnt from case examples on the use of water saving technologies and user engagement. Current evidence is vital for effective policy making. The dynamic nature of issues around water resource management creates a higher need for robust and reliable data and research information that can inform policy and regulations. This compendium provides a roadmap for researchers and building professionals on water efficiency as well as for policy makers and regulators. The case studies and research presented fall within the water supply and demand spectrum, especially those that focus on process efficiency, resource management, building performance, customer experiences and user participation, sustainable practises, scientific and technological innovation. The benefit and impact of the research is at the localandnational level, as well as in the global context.

Extending Performance of Concrete Structures forms the Proceedings of the one day International Seminar held during the Congress, Creating with Concrete, 6-10 September 1999, organised by the Concrete Technology Unit, University of Dundee. Topics discussed include developments in materials and use in new construction. The themes of the seminar were Materials Developments and Practical Applications.

This book is a compilation of selected papers from the Sixth International Symposium on Software Reliability, Industrial Safety, Cyber Security and Physical Protection of Nuclear Power Plant, held in October 2021 in Zhuji, Zhejiang, China. The purpose of this symposium is to discuss Inspection, test, certification and research for the software and hardware of Instrument and Control (I&C) systems in nuclear power plants (NPP), such as sensors, actuators and control system. It aims to provide a platform of technical exchange and experience sharing for those broad masses of experts and scholars and nuclear power practitioners, and for the combination of production, teaching and research in universities and enterprises to promote the safe development of nuclear power plant. Readers will find a wealth of valuable insights into achieving safer and more efficient instrumentation and control systems.

Cost optimal and nearly zero energy performance levels are principles initiated by the European Union s (EU) Energy Performance of Buildings Directive which was recast in 2010. These will be major drivers in the construction sector in the next few years, because all new buildings in the EU from 2021 onwards are expected to be nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB).

This book introduces the technical definitions, system boundaries, energy calculation methodology and input data needed to set primary energy based minimum/cost optimal and nZEB requirements in national energy frames. Worked examples are provided to illustrate the calculation of delivered, exported and primary energy, and renewable energy contribution. Five case studies of high performance nZEB office buildings across Europe are reported to show alternative technical solutions and to draw some general design rules based on completed nZEB buildings. Specific features of the nZEB design process, especially in the early stages, and architectural competitions are included. These describe important design issues in the scoping and conceptual design phase, allowing design streams to be controlled so that specified targets can be met.

This book is intended for readers who need to be aware of or are working with the energy performance of buildings for decision makers in public and private sectors, architects, engineers, construction clients, consultants, contractors, manufacturers and students.

The editor of this book, Professor Jarek Kurnitski has made major contributions to the preparation of the European REHVA nZEB technical definition and has developed energy calculation frames for current Estonian and Finnish energy performance regulations. He is the leader of nZEB research at Tallinn University of Technology in Estonia and Aalto University in Finland, and he has over 300 publications."

In this basic textbook, prospective architects, urban and landscape planners receive assistance in working on urban development projects and designs. This edition has been expanded by two chapters on informal urban planning and regional urban development. The contents presented and their preparation are based on the design process in practice and embed it in a theoretical framework of necessary background knowledge. As an introduction, an overview of the understanding of the city, of urban structures and the laws governing them is given. In order to make the multi-layered structure of the city more comprehensible, it is broken down into different layers and building blocks. The approach to urban design is described using the "layer method" in the form of successive phases. Examples of urban development projects and competitions illustrate the individual design steps.

Double carbon targets have been one of the most motivations and targets for China's social and economic development. Building is one of the most important sectors to achieve energy savings and emission reductions. This book focuses on China's building energy usage and CO2 emissions, discusses the status quo of China's building energy of four categories, their characteristics and technologies to improve energy efficiency and achieve zero-carbon emissions. Specifically, this book in 2021 discussed the pathways to achieve carbon neutrality targets for China's building sector. This book also analyzed the energy mix, energy intensity, and technology perspectives to implement energy and carbon targets in urban residential building areas. This book consists of large-scale survey data, monitoring data and case studies. The discussion on technologies and policies is supported by a variety of evidence and continuous research for more than ten years. The information, data and policy suggestions will interest readers all around the world who work in energy, climate change, engineering and building science areas.

This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of construction engineering, as presented by researchers and engineers at the Digital Technologies in Construction Engineering conference, held in Belgorod, Russia, on June 8-9, 2021. It covers highly diverse topics, including industrial and civil construction, building materials; environmental engineering and protection; sustainability; structure safety and special construction structures. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.

This book focuses on understanding the shoreline dynamics, nearshore processes and sediment transport around Rameswaram Island and the cities of Dhanushkodi and Arichamunai. Rameswaram Island is located between the Gulf of Mannar on the south and Palk Bay on the north, between the southern tip of India and Sri Lanka, and is unique in terms of physical, chemical and biological processes. The Gulf of Mannar is established as a marine biodiversity conservation area by its richness of variety and variability of marine species such as corals, finfish, shellfish and other fishes. The island is predominantly influenced by four seasons: northeast monsoon, post-monsoon, summer and southwest monsoon; and the sedimentological and hydrodynamic conditions significantly change seasonally, resulting in the island's responding in a different manner with each season. It also explains the physical forces and their impacts around these areas. Rameswaram Island has existed naturally for a long period of time even under the influence of different water masses of the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. Understanding the regional natural phenomena is the only solution to carry out the best management practices to develop coastal constructions and modifications.

Whilst sustainability is already an important driver in the new building sector, this book explores how those involved in refurbishment of commercial building are moving this agenda forward. It includes chapters by developers, surveyors, cost consultants, architects, building physicists and other players, on the role they each can play in enabling refurbishment to be commercially, environmentally and socially sustainable. Case studies from northern climates show real examples of different building types, ages and uses and will demonstrate what action has been taken to create more sustainable buildings. The chapters raise and discuss all the relevant issues that need to be considered in retrofitting decision making. Changing standards, planning, process management, financing, technical issues, site organisation, commissioning and subsequent building management are all considered. The book demonstrates that buildings can be made comfortable to occupy, easy to manage and low in energy demand and environmental impact.

The book presents the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of innovative medicine facilities, as presented by architects and engineers at the International Scientific and Practical Conference Engineering, Construction and Infrastructure Solutions for Innovative Medicine Facilities, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, on May 19-21, 2021. It covers a wide diversity of topics, including the global challenges of our time and the challenges of developing the infrastructure of innovative medicine; current issues of engineering and construction of medical facilities during the pandemic; current issues of engineering and construction of biomedical research infrastructure; formation and development of a comfortable environment for the protection of public health; biological and environmental safety in the engineering, construction and technical operation of biomedical facilities. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.

The cyber world has been both enhanced and endangered by AI. On the one hand, the performance of many existing security services has been improved, and new tools created. On the other, it entails new cyber threats both through evolved attacking capacities and through its own imperfections and vulnerabilities. Moreover, quantum computers are further pushing the boundaries of what is possible, by making machine learning cyber agents faster and smarter. With the abundance of often-confusing information and lack of trust in the diverse applications of AI-based technologies, it is essential to have a book that can explain, from a cyber security standpoint, why and at what stage the emerging, powerful technology of machine learning can and should be mistrusted, and how to benefit from it while avoiding potentially disastrous consequences. In addition, this book sheds light on another highly sensitive area - the application of machine learning for offensive purposes, an aspect that is widely misunderstood, under-represented in the academic literature and requires immediate expert attention.

This book offers a complete diagnosis of concrete samples collected from a pile cap block of residential buildings affected by internal swelling reactions. Covering an extensive laboratory campaign to evaluate the transport properties of concrete samples, as well as their physical and chemical composition using advanced techniques to analyse cores extracted from real buildings that have concrete elements affected by internal swelling reactions (ISR). It features several rehabilitation procedures, pile caps repair and rehabilitation design, executed using strengthening procedures to provide the complete restoration of the structural integrity of the element deteriorated. These rehabilitation procedures proved to be a good solution to retrofit pile cap deteriorated by expansions due to internal swelling reactions of concrete. The book also offers a systematic review of the current state of knowledge and it is a valuable resource for scientists, students, and practitioners in various scientific and engineering disciplines, namely, civil and materials engineering, as well as and other interested parties.

This volume focuses on research and practical issues linked to Calcined Clays for Sustainable Concrete. The main topics are geology of clays, hydration and performance of blended system with calcined clays, alkali activated binders, applications in concrete and mortar, durability of concrete under various aggressive conditions, and economic and environmental impacts of the use of calcined clays in cement based materials. This book compiles the different contributions of the 2nd International Conference on Calcined Clays for Sustainable Concrete, which took place in La Habana, December 5th-7th, 2017.The papers update the latest research in their field, carried out since the last conference in 2015. Overall it gives a broad view of research on calcined clays and their application in the field of construction, which will stimulate further research into calcined clays for sustainable concrete.

The book presents the theoretical background of building physics, dealing with the evaluation of physical phenomena related to heat transfer and energy use in buildings, water and water vapour transfer in building structures, daylighting and electric lighting of buildings, sound transmission in building structures and protection against noise, the occurrence and spread of fires in buildings and the thermal response of cities. It contains numerical and computational evaluation methods, numerous computational case studies and examples of experimental analyses. The book demonstrates that the considered physical processes affect the quality of living and working comfort in indoor and outdoor environment.

The book presents the work of the RILEM Technical Committee 249-ISC. Addressing the effective application of new recommendations for non-destructive in situ strength assessment of concrete, it provides information about the different steps of the investigation and processing of test results, until the delivery of strength estimates, and includes tables giving the minimum required number of cores in a variety of situations as well as several examples of how the recommendations can be used in practice. The book explores a topic which is of major importance, i.e. the assessment of concrete compressive strength in existing structures. This property (both mean and standard deviation) is a key input in many cases, such as the reinforcement of structures, the safety checking, the extension of service life. As the new RILEM recommendations imply a deep revision (and improvement) of field practice, the book is intended for managers of structures, structural engineers and specialists of NDT that have to answer these issues. More widely, it will benefit engineers and students who are interested in NDT and in the safety analysis of structures.